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| 1 | 血管性认知障碍的诊断标准:国际血管性行为与认知障碍学会的申明显示文摘长期以来,脑血管病(CVD)就被认为是认知损害的一个重要原因,但是有关脑血管病后认知障碍的概念化却有着一段多变的历史。'动脉变硬'或脑的动脉粥样硬化是'老化'的原因,是存在已久的观点,在20世纪60年代受到了来自英格兰纽卡斯尔的神经病理学研究的质疑。这些研究表明,血管性痴呆(vascular dementia,Va D)与超过一定程度的多发性脑梗死有关。 | 徐岩 郭起浩 Sachdev P Kalaria R O'Brien J Skoog I Alladi S Black SE Blacker D Blazer DG Chen C Chui H Ganguli M Jellinger K Jeste DV Pasquier F Paulsen J Prins N Rockwood K Roman G Scheltens P | 2014 | 神经病学与神经康复学杂志2014，11，3： | 19 |
| 2 | Neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver malignancy worldwide and a major cause of cancer-related mortality for which liver resection is an important curative-intent treatment option. However, many patients present with advanced disease and with underlying chronic liver disease and/or cirrhosis, limiting the proportion of patients who are surgical candidates. In addition, the development of recurrent or de novo cancers following surgical resection is common. These issues have led investigators to evaluate the benefit of neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment strategies aimed at improving resectability rates and decreasing recurrence rates. While high-level evidence to guide treatment decision making is lacking, recent advances in locoregional and systemic therapies, including antiviral treatment and immunotherapy, raise the prospect of novel approaches that may improve the outcomes of patients with HCC. In this review, we evaluate the evidence for various neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies and discuss opportunities for future clinical and translational research. | Clifford Akateh Sylvester M Black Lanla Conteh Eric D Miller Anne Noonan Eric Elliott Timothy M Pawlik Allan Tsung Jordan M Cloyd | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，28： | 16 |
| 3 | Intratumoral dendritic cell vaccin ation elicits potent tumoricidal im munity against malignant glioma in rats显示文摘Dendritic cells(DC)are attractive candidates for innovative cancer immunotherapy by virtu e of their ability to function as powe rful antigen presenting cells and elicit potent antitumor cytotoxic immune r esponses.With the aim of generating antitumor immunity,the authors sought to enhance in vivo tum or antigen presentation by using an i ntratumoral DC vaccination strateg y in the setting of partially irradiated intracranial brain tumo rs.Fisher rats,implanted with 9L gliomas in the right corpus striatum,w ere treated with freshly cultured,unpulsed syngeneic DC inoculated directly into the tumor bed.Intracranially inoculated DCs were found to drain to ipsilateral deep cervical lymph nodes.This was a ssociated with increased local and s ystemic antitumor cytoxicity,as evidenced by robust infiltration of treated tumors with CD4and CD8T ce lls as well as by increased IFN-gamma protein and message levels in in vitr o restimulated splenic lymphocytes.DC therapy resulted in prolonged survival and immunity to s ubsequent intracranial tumor re-ch allenge.These results demonstrate the viability of intratumoral DC vaccination as an effectiv e therapeutic strategy for intracra nial glioma. | Ehtesham M Kabos P Gutierrez MA Samoto K Black KL Yu JS | 2003 | 癌症2003，22，7： | 8 |
| 4 | 北京地区育龄妇女泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体感染状况及基因分型初步研究显示文摘目的对北京地区育龄妇女沙眼衣原体的感染状况及基因分型进行初步研究。方法利用胶体金免疫法对 177例计划生育门诊及妇科体检的育龄妇女进行筛查,对 9例沙眼衣原体感染阳性者的拭子标本直接进行套式 PCR扩增主要外膜蛋白( MOMP)基因。将扩增的 DNA进行限制性内切酶长度多态性分析,并对 MOMP基因易变区 VS1、 VS2、 VS3、 VS4进行基因序列分析。结果 177名育龄妇女有 9例沙眼衣原体感染阳性, 9份标本均扩增出 1.1 kb目的 DNA,经限制性内切酶长度多态性分析, 4例确定为 F型, 3例为 E型, 2例为 D型。利用 373A自动序列分析仪,对 MOMP基因易变区 VS1、 VS2、 VS3、 VS4进行基因序列分析,与标准序列比较发现, 2例为 D型, 3例为 E型, 4例为 F型,与限制性内切酶长度多态性分析结果相同,但其中 4例有 MOMP基因变异存在。结论北京地区健康育龄妇女存在一定比例的沙眼衣原体感染,利用对 MOMP基因的多态性分析可以对沙眼衣原体的流行情况作出分析。 | 徐克沂 李敏 伦文辉 Carolyn M Black | 2000 | 中华皮肤科杂志2000，33，6： | 7 |
| 5 | Preservation solutions used during abdominal transplantation:Current status and outcomes显示文摘Organ preservation remains an important contributing factor to graft and patient outcomes. During donor organ procurement and transportation, cellular injury is mitigated through the use of preservation solutions in conjunction with hypothermia. Various preservation solutions and protocols exist with widespread variability among transplant centers. In this review of abdominal organ preservation solutions, evolution of transplantation and graft preservation are discussed followed by classification of preservation solutions according to the composition of electrolytes, impermeants, buffers, antioxidants, and energy precursors. Lastly, pertinent clinical studies in the setting of hepatic, renal, pancreas, and intestinal transplantation are reviewed for patient and graft survival as well as financial considerations. In liver transplants there may be some benefit with the use of histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate(HTK) over University of Wisconsin solution in terms of biliary complications and potential cost savings. Renal grafts may experience increased initial graft dysfunction with the use of Euro-Collins thereby dissuading its use in support of HTK which can lead to substantial cost savings. University of Wisconsin solution and Celsior are favored in pancreas transplants given the concern for pancreatitis and graft thrombosis associated with HTK. No difference was observed with preservation solutions with respect to graft and patient survival in liver, renal, and pancreas transplants. Studies involving intestinal transplants are sparse but University of Wisconsin solution infused intraluminally in combination with an intra-vascular washout is a reasonable option until further evidence can be generated. Available literature can be used to ameliorate extensive variation across centers while potentially minimizing graft dysfunction and improving associated costs. | Nicholas Latchana Joshua R Peck Bryan A Whitson Mitchell L Henry Elmahdi A Elkhammas Sylvester M Black | 2015 | World Journal of Transplantation2015，5，4： | 5 |
| 6 | Animal models of ex vivo lung perfusion as a platform for transplantation research显示文摘Ex vivo lung perfusion(EVLP) is a powerful experimental model for isolated lung research. EVLP allows for the lungs to be manipulated and characterized in an external environment so that the effect of specific ventilation/perfusion variables can be studied independent of other confounding physiologic contributions. At the same time,EVLP allows for normal organ level function and real-time monitoring of pulmonary physiology and mechanics. As a result,this technique provides uniqueadvantages over in vivo and in vitro models. Small and large animal models of EVLP have been developed and each of these models has their strengths and weaknesses. In this manuscript,we provide insight into the relative strengths of each model and describe how the development of advanced EVLP protocols is leading to a novel experimental platform that can be used to answer critical questions in pulmonary physiology and transplant medicine. | Kevin Nelson Christopher Bobba Samir Ghadiali Don Hayes Jr Sylvester M Black Bryan A Whitson | 2014 | World Journal of Experimental Medicine2014，4，2： | 2 |
| 7 | The pricing of options and corporate liabilities显示文摘 | Black F Scholes M | 1973 | Journal of Political Economy1973，81，： | 2 |
| 8 | Trends and outcomes of transarterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma:a national survey显示文摘BACKGROUND:Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) is a palliative procedure frequently used in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). We examined the national inpatient trends of TACE and related outcomes in the United States over the last decade.METHODS:We utilized the National Inpatient Sample(2002 to 2012) and performed trend analyses of TACE for HCC in all adult patients(age >18 years). Multivariate analyses for the outcomes of in-hospital 'procedure-related complications'(PRCs) and 'post-procedure complications'(PPCs) were performed. We also compared early(2002 to 2006) and late(2007 to 2012) eras by multivariate analyses to identify predictors of complications, healthcare resource utilization and mortality.RESULTS:Overall, 19058 patients underwent TACE for HCC where PRCs and PPCs were seen in 24.2% and 17.6% of patients, respectively. The overall trends in the use of TACE(P<0.001) and associated PRCs(P=0.006) were observed to be increasing. There was less mortality [adjusted Odds ratio(a OR):0.58; 95% CI:0.41, 0.82], reduced length of hospital stay(-1.87 days; 95% CI:-2.77,-0.97) and increased hospital charges($19232; 95% CI:11013, 27451) in the late era. Additionally, there was increased mortality(a OR:4.07; 95% CI:2.96, 5.59), PRCs(a OR:3.21; 95% CI:2.56, 4.02), and PPCs(a OR:2.70; 95% CI:2.11, 3.46) among patients with coagulopathy.CONCLUSIONS:There is an increasing trend of TACE utilization in HCC. However, the outcomes are worse in patients with coagulopathy. Although PRCs have increased, mortality has decreased in recent years. These findings should be considered during TACE evaluation in patients with HCC. | Khalid Mumtaz Nishi Patel Rohan M Modi Vihang Patel Alice Hinton James Hanje Sylvester M Black Somashaker Krishna | 2017 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2017，16，6： | 2 |
| 9 | P recision L ivestock F arming: A n international review of scientific and commercial aspects显示文摘Precision Livestock Farming(PLF)is potentially one of the most powerful developments amongst a number of interesting new and upcoming technologies that have the potential to revolutionise the livestock farming industries.If properly implemented,PLF or Smart Farming could(1)improve or at least objectively document animal welfare on farms;(2)reduce greenhouse gas(GHG)emission and improve environmental performance of farms;(3)facilitate product segmentation and better marketing of livestock products;(4)reduce illegal trading of livestock products;and(5)improve the economic stability of rural areas.However,there are only a few examples of successful commercialisation of PLF technologies introduced by a small number of commercial companies which are actively involved in the PLF commercialisation process.To ensure that the potential of PLF is taken to the industry,it is recommended to:(1)establish a new service industry;(2)verify,demonstrate and publicise the benefits of PLF;(3)better coordinate the efforts of different industry and academic organisations interested in the development and implementation of PLF technologies on farms;and(4)encourage the commercial sectors to assist with professionally managed product development. | T M Banhazi H Lehr J L Black H Crabtree P Schofield M Tscharke D Berckmans | 2012 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2012，5，3： | 2 |
| 10 | Neuroimaging standards for research into small vessel disease and its contribution to ageing and neurodegeneration显示文摘 | Joanna M Wardlaw Eric E Smith Geert J Biessels Charlotte Cordonnier Franz Fazekas Richard Frayne Richard I Lindley John T O’Brien Frederik Barkhof Oscar R Benavente Sandra E Black Carol Brayne Monique Breteler Hugues Chabriat Charles DeCarli Frank-Erik de | 2013 | Lancet Neurology2013，，8： | 2 |
| 11 | The accuracy of volumetric bone density measurements in dual X-ray absorptiometry 显示文摘 | SABIN M A BLAKE G M MACLAUGHLIN BLACK S M | 1995 | Calcif Tissue Int1995，56，3： | 1 |
| 12 | The pricing of options and corporate liabilities显示文摘 | Black F Scholes M | 1973 | Journal ot Political Economy1973，81，： | 1 |
| 13 | The pricing of options and corporate liabilities 显示文摘 | Black F Scholes M | 1973 | Journal of Political Economics1973，81，4： | 1 |
| 14 | CDMA/HDR: A bandwidth-efficient high-speed wireless data service for nomadic users 显示文摘 | P Bender P Black M Grob R Padovani N Sindhushayana A Viterbi | 2000 | IEEE Communication Magazine (S0733-8716)2000，38，7： | 1 |
| 15 | The future of hip fractures in the United States:numbers,costs,and potential effects of postmenopausal estrogen显示文摘 | Cummings S R Rubin S M Black D | 1990 | Clinical Orthopaedics1990，252，： | 1 |
| 16 | Cardioprotective effects of ranolazine ( RS--43285 ) in the isolated perfused rabbit heart 显示文摘 | Gralinski M R Black S C Kilgore K S | 1994 | Cardiovasc Res1994，28，8： | 1 |
| 17 | The pricing of options and corporate liabilities显示文摘 | Scholes M | 1973 | Journal of Political Economy1973，，81： | 1 |
| 18 | The pricing of options and corporate liabilities显示文摘 | SCHOLES M | 1973 | Journal of Political Economy1973，81，2： | 1 |
| 19 | TYPE OF FALL AND RISK OF HIP AND WRIST FRACTURES-THE STUDY OF OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES显示文摘 | Nevitt M C Cummings S R Black D | 1993 | JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY1993，41，11： | 1 |
| 20 | The pricing of option and corporate liabilities显示文摘 | BLACK F SCHOLES M | 1973 | Journal of Political Economy1973，81，3： | 1 |
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