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| 1 | Is laser photocoagulation still effective in diabetic macular edema? Assessment with optical coherence tomography in Nepal显示文摘AIM: To find out the outcome of laser photocoagulation in clinically significant macular edema (CSME) by optical coherence tomography (OCT). · METHODS: It was a prospective, non-controlled, case series study enrolling 81 eyes of 64 patients with CSME between August 2008 and January 2010. All patients received modified grid photocoagulation with frequency doubled Nd: YAG laser. Each patient was evaluated in terms of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and regression or progression of maculopathy after laser therapy at 1, 3 and 6 months. Spearman's correlation test was used to show the correlation between BCVA and total macular volume (TMV). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare among groups and independent t-test was used to compare in each group. · RESULTS: There is high correlation between BCVA and TMV (P ≤0.001). BCVA improved in 50.6%, remained static in 39.5 % and deteriorated in 9.9% patients after 6 month of treatment. The Baseline TMV (mean and SD) were 9.26±1.83, 10.4±2.38, 11.5±3.05, 8.89±0.75 and 9.47±1.98 mm3 for different OCT patterns, ST (sponge like thickening), CMO (cystoid macular edema), SFD (subfoveal detachment), VMIA (Vitreo macular interface abnormality) and average TMV respectively (P =0.04). After 6 months of laser treatment, the mean TMV decreased from 9.47±1.98mm3 to 8.77±1.31mm3(P =0.01). In ST there was significant decrease in TMV, P =0.01, Further within these groups at 6 months, they were significantly different, P =0.01. · CONCLUSION: OCT showed the different morphological variant of CSME while the response of treatment is different. TMV decreased the most and hence showed the improvement in vision after 6 months of laser treatment. In the era of Anti vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs), efficacy of laser seems to be in shadow but it is still first line of treatment in developing nation like Nepal where antiVEGFs may not be easily available and affordable. | Arjun Shrestha Deepak Khadka Angira Karmacharya Nhukesh Maharjan Anand Shrestha Raba Thapa Govinda Poudyal | 2012 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2012，5，2： | 3 |
| 2 | From symmetric AC/AC to asymmetric AC/graph- ite, a progress in electrochemical capacitors显示文摘 | Hongyu Wang Masaki Yoshio Arjun Kumar Thapa Hiroyoshi Nakamura | 2007 | J Power Sources2007，169，： | 1 |
| 3 | 显示文摘 | Arjun Kumar Thapa Kazuki Saimen Tatsumi Ishihara | 2010 | Electrochem Solid State Lett2010，，： | 1 |
| 4 | From symmetric AC/AC to asymmetric AC/graphite,a progress in electrochemical capacitors 显示文摘 | Wang Hongyu Masaki Yoshio Arjun Kumar Thapa | 2007 | Journal of Power Sources2007，169，： | 1 |
| 5 | 尼泊尔卡纳利省药用和芳香植物对国内生产总值的贡献显示文摘自古以来,药用和芳香植物(MAPs)在尼泊尔就被广泛种植并用于医疗保健和治疗实践,在尼泊尔社区拥有很重要的文化、宗教和经济价值。近年来,MAPs部门在尼泊尔尤其是喜马拉雅山区是一个不断发展的商业部门,为低收入人群提供生计机会。本研究评估了MAPs对尼泊尔卡纳利省国内生产总值(GDP)的贡献。卡纳利省共鉴定出58种MAPs。人们发现,这些一年生、两双年生和多年生植物的各个部分都可被用作药物、香水和食品。在2019/2020财年,卡纳利省的MAP产生的经济产出为1607.38亿尼泊尔卢比(13.9亿美元),相当于卡纳利省GDP的1.03%,相当于全国GDP的0.02%。然而,调查结果显示,由于未纳入药用植物的民族植物学用途,目前的GDP估算低估了MAPs部门对国家GDP的贡献,如果将人们从这一部门获得的所有收入和环境利益都体现在国民账户体系中,进行估价和记录,那么MAPs的GDP将远远高于本研究中的估算值。我们得出结论,MAPs对卡纳利省和尼泊尔的GDP有合理的贡献。 | Kamal Raj ARYAL Anup GURUNG Prabin PAUDEL Rajendra Kumar BASUKALA Shiva PARIYAR Arjun THAPA Hikmat Kumar SHAHI Ganga SHAH Saroj PANTHI | 2023 | Journal of Resources and Ecology2023，14，5： | 0 |
| 6 | Understanding human-leopard conflict in the ‘Mid-hill’ region of western Nepal显示文摘Livestock rearing and agriculture are the main sources of community-based livelihoods in western Nepal.Across the rural mid-hills region of Gandaki Province,leopards are the top predator and frequently depredate livestock and attack humans.Spatiotemporal patterns of human-leopard conflicts(HLC) in Nepal are poorly known at the provincial and national scales,which are essential to formulating effective conflict mitigation strategies and implementing them in the field.This study aims to analyze the spatiotemporal pattern of HLC by applying Maxent modeling to covariates relating to known and registered conflict cases(n=842) collected from Nepalese government offices.We found that cases of HLC have been increasing significantly over the past five years.We also concluded that mid-elevation,south-facing slopes were more susceptible to HLC,but that mean annual temperature was by far the most important predictor of HLC;overall livestock density and proximity to roads were also important,but secondarily so.Although we found the increase in human fatalities to 2.16/year was significant(p<0.05),overall human injuries were down slightly,though not significantly(5.16/year;p>0.05).However,we also found an increasing trend in livestock depredation rates for this same five-year period(p<0.05),which averaged 159.6 head/year among incidents reported.We also found that winter was the main season when depredations occurred,and that goats were the most depredated of all livestock.A total US $86,892.25($17,378.45/year) of economic losses were incurred by communities during this time,with 78.57% of the total value reimbursed as compensatory relief through the government’s relief fund.We recommend that the use of predator-proof livestock corrals,greater awareness in local communities about wildlife behavior,better animal husbandry and security practices,and a more efficient compensation program,can improve coexistence between leopard populations and human communities in western Nepal. | LAMICHHANE Saroj THAPA Arjun THAPA Mahendra Singh PANTHI Saroj GIORDANO Anthony J | 2023 | Journal of Mountain Science2023，20，12： | 0 |
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