|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | 珠江三角洲夏季臭氧区域污染及其控制因素分析显示文摘2006年夏季,在珠江三角洲(简称珠三角)开展了一次大型野外综合空气质量观测实验.实验包括了珠三角现有的环境监测网络和两个额外设置的超级观测站.本文基于环境监测网络的观测结果对区域臭氧污染状况和污染过程进行了分析,对各站点所记录的气团光化学属性进行了诊断.结果发现,两个超级站点分别对应着污染城市地区和下风向远郊区的光化学条件,它们较好地覆盖了区域尺度上主要的臭氧高值区.使用基于观测的模型对超级站上臭氧的光化学产生过程及臭氧控制区进行了分析.结果显示,第一,模式中的醛类化学和缺失的HONO化学对于臭氧光化学产生具有重要影响;第二,在城市地区,臭氧的光化学产生速率主要受人为源排放碳氢化合物控制;而在城市远郊区,臭氧的光化学产生速率主要受NO控制;第三,重要的人为源排放的碳氢化合物是烯烃和芳香烃.使用O′x和NOz的回归结果对臭氧产生效率进行了估算,发现城市和郊区的数值存在显著差异(分别为2.1和7.8),这从侧面支持了模型对于城市和郊区臭氧控制区属性的判断. | 陆克定 张远航 苏杭 邵敏 曾立民 钟流举 向运荣 张志忠 周崇光 Andreas Wahner | 2010 | 中国科学:化学2010，40，4： | 116 |
| 2 | 欧洲卒中组织颅内动脉瘤和蛛网膜下腔出血处理指南显示文摘背景伴或不伴蛛网膜下腔出血(subarachnoidhaemorrhage,SAH)的颅内动脉瘤是一个重要的健康问题,其总体发病率约为9/10万,在不同国家存在很大差异,在某些国家可高达20/10万。采用保守治疗时,发病最初数月内病死率为50%~60%。在动脉瘤未经处理的患者中,约1剧寄在初次出血恢复后6个月内死于再次出血。此外,血管痉挛、脑积水、迟发性缺血性神经功能缺损以及其他并发症均会影响预后。本指南旨在为伴和不伴颅内动脉瘤的SAH以及未破裂颅内动脉瘤患者的处理提供全面的推荐意见。方法我们使用Medline和Embase进行广泛的文献检索(时间范围为1960年至2011年)。写作组成员通过面谈和电话会议的形式讨论各条推荐意见。按照欧洲神经科学学会联盟标准对检索结果进行分级。欧洲卒中组织指南委员会成员对本指南进行了审阅。结果本指南为SAH的流行病学、危险因素和预后提供了循证信息,并为破裂和未破裂颅内动脉瘤的诊断和治疗方法提供了循证推荐意见。我们明确了动脉瘤生长和破裂的多种危险因素,并且提供了诊断性检查、监测和一般处理(血压、血糖、体温、血栓预防、抗癫痫治疗和类固醇的使用)的推荐意见。特异性治疗干预需考虑处理时机、夹闭和弹簧圈栓塞。本指南还涉及并发症的处理,如脑积水、血管痉挛和迟发性缺血性神经功能缺损等,并对非动脉瘤性SAH和未破裂动脉瘤的处理提供了推荐意见。结论破裂颅内动脉瘤是一种严重的疾病,具有很高的继发并发症风险,需要在治疗此类患者方面有着丰富经验的医疗中心内及时治疗。本指南为破裂或未破裂颅内动脉瘤患者的处理提供了实用的循证建议。应用这些措施能改善SAH的预后。 | Thorsten Steiner Andreas Unterberg Carla Jung Michael Forsting Seppo Juvela Gabriel Rinkel 吴政政(译) 李政(译) 陈蓓蕾(译) 陈聪(译) 杨卉(译) 徐运(译) | 2013 | 国际脑血管病杂志2013，21，6： | 182 |
| 3 | Treatment of gastric cancer显示文摘The authors focused on the current surgical treatment of resectable gastric cancer,and significance of periand post-operative chemo or chemoradiation.Gastric cancer is the 4thmost commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide.Surgery remains the only curative therapy,while perioperative and adjuvant chemotherapy,as well as chemoradiation,can improve outcome of resectable gastric cancer with extended lymph node dissection.More than half of radically resected gastric cancer patients relapse locally or with distant metastases,or receive the diagnosis of gastric cancer when tumor is disseminated;therefore,median survival rarely exceeds12 mo,and 5-years survival is less than 10%.Cisplatin and fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy,with addition of trastuzumab in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive patients,is the widely used treatment in stageⅣpatients fit for chemotherapy.Recent evidence supports the use of second-line chemotherapy after progression in patients with good performance | Michele Orditura Gennaro Galizia Vincenzo Sforza Valentina Gambardella Alessio Fabozzi Maria Maddalena Laterza Francesca Andreozzi Jole Ventriglia Beatrice Savastano Andrea Mabilia Eva Lieto Fortunato Ciardiello Ferdinando De Vita | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，7： | 116 |
| 4 | 创业活动的国家(地区)差异:文化与国家(地区)经济发展水平的交互作用显示文摘本研究试图从国家文化的视角来解释不同国家创业活动活跃程度的差异。基于'全球领导力与组织行为有效性'(Global Leadership and Organizational Behavioral Effective ness,简称GLOBE研究)和'全球创业观察'(Global Entrepreneurship Monitor,简称GEM研究)两个国际性数据库,我们发现在解释不同国家创业活动差异的时候,文化与国家经济发展水平(具体来说是人均GDP)之间存在交互作用。与已有的文献相反,我们发现传统主义文化(典型特点是较高的小团体集体主义、较高的人际关系导向和较高的权力差距)在中低GDP国家提高了早期创业活动和成熟期创业活动的比例,但是在高GDP国家却抑制了早期创业活动和成熟期创业活动的比例。而现代主义文化(典型特点是高绩效导向、高未来导向和高不确定性规避)则与高期望创业活动和高创新创业活动有比较显著的正相关关系。最后我们讨论了本研究对实践的指导意义和存在的局限性。 | 赵向阳 李海 Andreas Rauch | 2012 | 管理世界2012，28，8： | 66 |
| 5 | 肛裂临床诊治指南(第三次修订)显示文摘“美国结直肠外科医师协会(American Societyof ColonandRectal Surgeons.ASCRS)”(协会)致力于推进结直肠和肛门疾病的相关理论以及预防和诊疗水平的提高,给患者提供优质的医疗服务。“标准委员会”由协会中在结直肠外科方面有显著专长的成员组成。该委员会的建立是为了引领国际结直肠和肛门疾病诊治的发展,以建立具有循证医学证据的临床诊疗指南。指南是涵盖性的,非指令性的,目的是为临床决策提供信息,而非具体的治疗方法。指南适用于所有相关的医护人员以及希望得到相应指南中疾病的相关诊治信息的患者。 | Farshid Araghizadeh ~ Robin Boushey Sridhar Chalasani George Chang Robert Cima Gary Dunn Daniel Feingold Philip Fleshner Daniel Geisler Jill Genua Sharon Gregorcyk Daniel Herzig Andreas Kaiser Ravin Kumar David Larson Steven Mills John Monson P. Terry Phang Feza Remzi David Rivadeneira Howard Ross Peter Senatore Elin Sigurdson Thomas Stahl Scott Steele Scott Strong Charles Tement Judith Trudel Madhulika Varnna Martin Weiser 丁义江(译) 皇甫少华(译) 丁曙晴(译) | 2013 | 中华胃肠外科杂志2013，16，7： | 70 |
| 6 | Pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease:Role of oxidative metabolism显示文摘Alcohol consumption is a predominant etiological factor in the pathogenesis of chronic liver diseases,resulting in fatty liver,alcoholic hepatitis,fibrosis/cirrhosis,and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Although the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease(ALD)involves complex and still unclear biological processes,the oxidative metabolites of ethanol such as acetaldehyde and reactive oxygen species(ROS)play a preeminent role in the clinical and pathological spectrum of ALD.Ethanol oxidative metabolism influences intracellular signaling pathways and deranges the transcriptional control of several genes,leading to fat accumulation,fibrogenesis and activation of innate and adaptive immunity.Acetaldehyde is known to be toxic to the liver and alters lipid homeostasis,decreasing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and increasing sterol regulatory element binding protein activity via an AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)-dependent mechanism.AMPK activation by ROS modulates autophagy,which has an important role in removing lipid droplets.Acetaldehyde and aldehydes generated from lipid peroxidation induce collagensynthesis by their ability to form protein adducts that activate transforming-growth-factor-β-dependent and independent profibrogenic pathways in activated hepatic stellate cells(HSCs).Furthermore,activation of innate and adaptive immunity in response to ethanol metabolism plays a key role in the development and progression of ALD.Acetaldehyde alters the intestinal barrier and promote lipopolysaccharide(LPS)translocation by disrupting tight and adherent junctions in human colonic mucosa.Acetaldehyde and LPS induce Kupffer cells to release ROS and proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines that contribute to neutrophils infiltration.In addition,alcohol consumption inhibits natural killer cells that are cytotoxic to HSCs and thus have an important antifibrotic function in the liver.Ethanol metabolism may also interfere with cell-mediated adaptive immunity by impairing proteasome function in macrophages and dendritic cells,and consequently alters allogenic antigen presentation.Finally,acetaldehyde and ROS have a role in alcohol-related carcinogenesis because they can form DNA adducts that are prone to mutagenesis,and they interfere with methylation,synthesis and repair of DNA,thereby increasing HCC susceptibility. | Elisabetta Ceni Tommaso Mello Andrea Galli | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，47： | 72 |
| 7 | 四种荒漠植物的光合响应(英文)显示文摘研究了胡杨 (Populus euphratica Oliv)、疏叶骆驼刺 (Alhagi sparsifolia B.Keller et Shap)、多枝柽柳(Tamarix ramosissima Lbd)和头状沙拐枣 (Calligonum caput- medusae Schrenk)等四种塔克拉玛干荒漠植物的光合响应曲线 ,结果表明 :1四种植物中 ,疏叶骆驼刺光呼吸 (Rp)和 CO2 补偿点 (Γ)最高 ,净光合速率(An)以及水分利用效率 (WUE)最低 ;而 C4植物头状沙拐枣无论 Rp 还是 Γ 都最低 ,它的 An、光补偿点(L CP)及光饱和点 (LSP)都显著高于其它 3种植物 (P≤ 0 .0 5) ,而且因为非常低的蒸腾速率 (E) ,沙拐枣的WUE也较高。 2 4种植物都为喜光植物 ,但仍然表现出一定的差异。根据它们光曲线中 LCP以及暗呼吸速率 (Rd) ,4种喜光植物的喜光顺序列为 :头状沙拐枣 ,疏叶骆驼刺 ,多枝柽柳 ,胡杨。 3柽柳光合响应曲线与日变化中的 An,gs等值差异较大 ,可能是该植物的温度生态位较其它三种植物范围较窄 ,设置的 2 5℃不在其最适温度范围内 ,或者是在这个温度下气孔对光强变化的不敏感。 4综合前人的结果表明 ,在特定的环境条件、发育阶段以及经过一定的诱导处理 ,胡杨可以因诱导而表现出一些 C4植物特征。 | 邓雄 李小明 张希明 叶万辉 Andrea Foezki Michael Runge | 2003 | 生态学报2003，23，3： | 56 |
| 8 | 利用GOME卫星资料分析北京大气NO_2污染变化显示文摘利用GOME(Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment,全球臭氧监测实验)1996年1月—2002年12月NO2对流层柱浓度月平均卫星遥感资料以及根据北京市2001年1月1日—2002年12月31日NO2污染指数数据计算出的地面NO2日均质量浓度值,分析了北京市城市大气NO2污染变化的季节变化特征以及年际变化,并将2001年1月—2002年12月北京上空GOME NO2对流层柱浓度月平均值变化与北京市地面NO2日均质量浓度月平均值变化进行了比较,结果表明两者随时间的变化趋势具有较好的一致性,据此可以利用GOME NO2对流层柱浓度月平均卫星遥感资料来分析特定区域大气NO2的季节变化和年际变化。 | 江文华 马建中 颜鹏 Andreas Richter John P.Burrows Hendrik Nǖβ | 2006 | 应用气象学报2006，17，1： | 47 |
| 9 | Satellite remote sensing of changes in NO_x emissions over China during 1996-2010显示文摘Satellite derived NO2 column data have been used to study Chinese national fossil fuel consumption and pollutant emissions.Based on NO 2 retrievals from two satellites (GOME and SCIAMACHY) for 1996-2010,we analyzed the characteristics and evolution of regional pollution related to NO x emissions in China.Satellite observations indicated that the highly polluted regions were expanding.Anthropogenic emission dominated areas have expanded from the east to central and western China,and new highly polluted regions have formed throughout the nation.Bottom-up emission estimates suggested a 133% increase in anthropogenic NOx emissions in East Central China during 1996 to 2010,which was lower than the 184% increase of the NO2 columns measured by the satellites.We found that growth rates of NOx emissions have slowed in Chinese megacities over recent years,in contrast to which,the NOx emissions were soaring in medium-sized cities,indicating that strict controls of NOx emissions from coal-fired facilities are required in China. | ZHANG Qiang GENG GuanNan WANG SiWen RICHTER Andreas HE KeBin | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，22： | 43 |
| 10 | 油动单旋翼植保无人机雾滴飘移分布特性显示文摘为了研究油动单旋翼植保无人机在精准作业参数(速度、高度)条件下的雾滴飘移分布特性,该文建立了雾滴飘移收集测试平台,分别用雾滴飘移测试框架、等动量雾滴收集装置和培养皿收集3WQF80-10型油动单旋翼植保无人机在作业时空中及地面飘移的雾滴。将测试结果分别与侧风风速、飞行高度、飞行速度进行相关分析和回归分析,结果表明:在平均温度31.5℃、平均相对湿度34.1%的条件下,侧风风速为雾滴飘移的主要影响因素;侧风风速与等动量雾滴收集器和培养皿测得的雾滴飘移率呈正相关(相关系数r分别为0.97、0.93);而与雾滴飘移测试框架测得的雾滴飘移率无相关性;侧风风速为0.76~5.5 m/s时,90%飘移雾滴沉降在喷雾区域下风向水平距离9.3~14.5 m的范围内,因此在作业时要预留至少15 m以上缓冲区(安全区)以避免药液飘移产生的危害。研究结果可为低空低量植保无人机施药技术研究和建立植保无人机低空低量施药田间雾滴沉积与飘移测试标准提供参考。 | 王潇楠 何雄奎 王昌陵 王志翀 李龙龙 王士林 Jane·Bonds Andreas·Herbst 王志国 | 2017 | 农业工程学报2017，33，1： | 50 |
| 11 | 盐胁迫条件下杨树组织及细胞中钾、钙、镁的变化显示文摘该文研究了NaCl对群众杨 (Populus‘popularis 35 44’ ,P .popularis)、I 2 1 4杨 (P .×euramericanacv .I 2 1 4 ,P .cv.I 2 1 4 )和胡杨 (P .euphratica) 3种杨树组织和细胞营养状况的影响 .为期 30d的盐处理降低了群众杨和I 2 1 4杨根和茎组织中K+、Ca2 +、Mg2 +的水平 ,而对于叶片营养元素的水平基本没有影响 .与群众杨和I 2 1 4杨比较 ,胡杨组织的营养水平受NaCl的影响最小 .根皮层细胞X 射线微区分析的结果显示 ,NaCl降低了群众杨和I 2 1 4杨细胞壁和液泡中K+、Mg2 +的水平 ,但对于胡杨细胞营养元素水平的影响较小 .实验结果表明 ,胡杨在盐胁迫条件下能保持对营养元素的吸收 ,维持较好的营养状况 ,这是其抗盐性强的原因之一 ;I 2 1 4杨和群众杨的抗盐性弱 。 | 陈少良 李金克 尹伟伦 王沙生 Eberhard Fritz Andrea Polle Aloys Httermann | 2002 | 北京林业大学学报2002，24，5： | 41 |
| 12 | Programmable time-domain digital-coding metasurface for non-linear harmonic manipulation and new wireless communication systems显示文摘Optical non-linear phenomena are typically observed in natural materials interacting with light at high intensities, and they benefit a diverse range of applications from communication to sensing. However,controlling harmonic conversion with high efficiency and flexibility remains a major issue in modern optical and radio-frequency systems. Here, we introduce a dynamic time-domain digital-coding metasurface that enables efficient manipulation of spectral harmonic distribution. By dynamically modulating the local phase of the surface reflectivity, we achieve accurate control of different harmonics in a highly programmable and dynamic fashion, enabling unusual responses, such as velocity illusion. As a relevant application, we propose and realize a novel architecture for wireless communication systems based on the time-domain digital-coding metasurface, which largely simplifies the architecture of modern communication systems, at the same time yielding excellent performance for real-time signal transmission. The presented work, from new concept to new system, opens new pathways in the application of metamaterials to practical technology. | Jie Zhao Xi Yang Jun Yan Dai Qiang Cheng Xiang Li Ning Hua Qi Jun Chen Ke Guo Dong Bai Shuo Liu Shi Jin Andrea Alù Tie Jun Cui | 2019 | National Science Review2019，6，2： | 46 |
| 13 | 多枝柽柳气体交换特性研究显示文摘在美国柽柳 ( Tamarix L.)被列为臭名昭著的十大外来杂草之一 ,而在中国 ,它则作为一种濒危物种生存状况堪忧。对多枝柽柳 ( Tamarix ramosissima Lbd.)气体交换进行研究 ,探讨其蒸汽压差 ( VPD)、叶水势、气孔导度 ( gs)和水分利用效率 ( WUE)之间的联系 ,结果表明 ,柽柳之所以能在沙漠生存又能在美国河岸地带疯狂扩展 ,主要原因可能是 :1柽柳属地下水湿生植物 ,发达的根系能直达地下水。 2柽柳适应性生境很广 ,作为一种阳性树种 ,柽柳非常耐旱 ,能够在很低的叶水势 (ψ)条件下 ( - 4.5 9MPa)进行光合作用 ,而较低的光补偿点和暗呼吸速率又反映出其耐阴湿的特点。 3灵敏的气孔适应性调整 :其 gs对 VPD的灵敏性随着干湿季其体内的水分状况变化而变化 ,调整蒸腾速率 ,从而影响其 WUE;gs与 ψ成显著正相关 ( P≤ 0 .0 5 ) ;gs与 WUE显著相关 ( P≤ 0 .0 5 ) ,但只有当 gs处于正在下降的时候 ,光合作用和蒸腾作用两个交换过程受轻微限制时 ,可得到水消耗和 CO2 吸收的最优协调 ,WUE达到最大值。这些适应性调整可能是柽柳能在美国河岸地带疯狂扩展的主要原因。实验结果表明 ,柽柳完全能够适应荒漠生长环境 ,因而导致柽柳在我国处于濒危状况的根本原因不是传统认为的干旱的自然环境 ,而主要是人为因素造成地? | 邓雄 李小明 张希明 叶万辉 Andrea Foezki Michael Runge | 2003 | 生态学报2003，23，1： | 48 |
| 14 | Colorectal cancer population screening programs worldwide in 2016: An update显示文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world.The incidence and mortality show wide geographical variations.Screening is recommended to reduce both incidence and mortality.However,there are significant differences among studies in implementation strategies and detection.This review aimed to present the results and strategies of different screening programs worldwide.We reviewed the literature on national and international screening programs published in Pub Med,on web pages,and in clinical guidelines.CRC Screening programs are currently underway in most European countries,Canada,specific regions in North and South America,Asia,and Oceania.The most extensive screening strategies were based on fecal occult blood testing,and more recently,the fecal immunochemical test(FIT).Participation in screening has varied greatly among different programs.The Netherlands showed the highest participation rate(68.2%)and some areas of Canada showed the lowest(16%).Participation rates were highest among women and in programs that used the FIT test.Men exhibited the greatest number of positive results.The FIT test has been the most widely used screening program worldwide.The advent of this test has increased participation rates and the detection of positive results. | Mercedes Navarro Andrea Nicolas Angel Ferrandez Angel Lanas | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，20： | 43 |
| 15 | 沙漠-绿洲过渡带四种多年生植物水分关系特征显示文摘沙漠 -绿洲过渡带地区植被的可持续性在防止绿洲沙漠化的过程中非常重要。对过渡带主要植物种骆驼刺 (Alhagisparsifolia Shap)、多枝柽柳 (Tamarix ramosissima L ebed.)、胡杨 (Populus euphratica Oliv.)和头状沙拐枣 (Calligonum caput-medusae Schrenk.)水分关系的研究表明 :4种植物的水分恢复状况良好 ,清晨水势一直较高 ,水分亏缺并不严重。渗透势和正午水势的降低幅度不大 ,变化比较平稳 ,更像是一种生长过程中的结果 ,植物的水分胁迫状况并不明显。 4种植物的水势和渗透势都高于典型的荒漠植物 ,属于中生植物的范围。水分参数的变化显示在同样的环境节律下 ,四种植物在水分生理的变化特征上有一致性。一直很高的 RWCp 值表明植物不能适应剧烈的水分损失和较低的水分含量 ,植物需要稳定充足的水分供应来适应塔克拉玛干极端气候条件下的生长环境。植物对环境胁迫也有各自不同的生理适应特点 ,胡杨的ΔΠ值大 ,能忍受较多的水分损失维持气孔的开放 ;骆驼刺的Ψp 值最高 ,水分亏缺的平衡与恢复效果明显 ;C4 植物头状沙拐枣能维持较高的水势和渗透势 ,而盐土植物多枝柽柳能忍受水势的很大降低。夏季一次性灌溉对骆驼刺、多枝柽柳和胡杨水分状况的改善基本没有影响 ,对头状沙拐枣有一定的帮助。植物? | 李向义 张希明 何兴元 曾凡江 Andrea FOETZKI Frank M THOMAS | 2004 | 生态学报2004，24，6： | 49 |
| 16 | Clinical importance of aspirin and clopidogrel resistance显示文摘Aspirin and clopidogrel are important components of medical therapy for patients with acute coronary syndromes, for those who received coronary artery stents and in the secondary prevention of ischaemic stroke. Despite their use, a significant number of patients experience recurrent adverse ischaemic events. Interindividual variability of platelet aggregation in response to these antiplatelet agents may be an explanation for some of these recurrent events, and small trials have linked 'aspirin and/or clopidogrel resistance', as measured by platelet function tests, to adverse events. We systematically reviewed all available evidence on the prevalence of aspirin/clopidogrel resistance, their possible risk factors and their association with clinical outcomes. We also identified articles showing possible treatments. After analyzing the data on different laboratory methods, we found that aspirin/clopidogrel resistance seems to be associated with poor clinical outcomes and there is currently no standardized or widely accepted definition of clopidogrel resistance. Therefore, we conclude that specific treatment recommendations are not established for patients who exhibit high platelet reactivity during aspirin/clopidogrel therapy or who have poor platelet inhibition by clopidogrel. | Gergely Feher Andrea Feher Gabriella Pusch Katalin Koltai Antal Tibold Beata Gasztonyi Elod Papp Laszlo Szapary Gabor Kesmarky Kalman Toth | 2010 | World Journal of Cardiology2010，2，7： | 36 |
| 17 | 塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘柽柳和胡杨水势季节变化研究显示文摘对塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘的柽柳和胡杨生长周期内的清晨水势和水势日变化的连续野外测定表明,两种植物在整个生长期内均未出现明显的水分亏缺.清晨水势的季节变化幅度不大,正午水势有不同程度的降低;一次性人工灌溉对植物水分状况没有明显影响.采伐利用方式不影响植物的水分状况.地下水是柽柳和胡杨生存与生长的先决条件.维持该区域地下水位的基本稳定是保证该区域柽柳和胡杨恢复重建的重要前提. | 曾凡江 张希明 李向义 Andrea Foetzki Michael Runge | 2005 | 应用生态学报2005，16，8： | 37 |
| 18 | Importance of gastrin in the pathogenesis and treatment of gastric tumors显示文摘In addition to regulating acid secretion, the gastric antral hormone gastrin regulates several important cellular processes in the gastric epithelium including proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, tissue remodelling and angiogenesis. Elevated serum concentrations of this hormone are caused by many conditions, particularly hypochlorhydria (as a result of autoimmune or Helicobacter pylori (H pylori)-induced chronic atrophic gastritis or acid suppressing drugs) and gastrin producing tumors (gastrinomas). There is now accumulating evidence that altered local and plasma concentrations of gastrin may play a role during the development of various gastric tumors. In the absence of H pylori infection, marked hypergastrinemia frequently results in the development of gastric enterochromaffi n cell-like neuroendocrine tumors and surgery to remove the cause of hypergastrinemia may lead to tumor resolution in this condition. In animal models such as transgenic INS-GAS mice, hypergastrinemia has also been shown to act as a cofactor with Helicobacter infection during gastric adenocarcinoma development. However, it is currently unclear as to what extent gastrin also modulates human gastric adenocarcinoma development. Therapeutic approaches targeting hypergastrinemia,such as immunization with G17DT, have been evaluated for the treatment of gastric adenocarcinoma, with some promising results. Although the mild hypergastrinemia associated with proton pump inhibitor drug use has been shown to cause ECL-cell hyperplasia and to increase H pylori-induced gastric atrophy, there is currently no convincing evidence that this class of agents contributes towards the development of gastric neuroendocrine tumors or gastric adenocarcinomas in human subjects. | Michael D Burkitt Andrea Varro D Mark Pritchard | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，1： | 36 |
| 19 | 卫星遥感观测中国1996~2010年氮氧化物排放变化显示文摘利用卫星遥感观测的NO2浓度作为化石能源消耗和污染物排放的示踪,基于GOME和SCIAMACHY的NO2对流层柱浓度数据对1996~2010年间中国氮氧化物排放的时空格局变化进行了分析.结果表明,我国氮氧化物排放的区域性特征日益显著,呈明显的空间扩张态势,原有排放高值区的范围不断扩大,新的高值区不断出现,受人为源排放影响的范围在从东部向中西部扩张.1996~2010年间,华东、华北地区的人为源氮氧化物排放量增加了133%,而同期卫星观测到NO2浓度增长了184%.最近几年特大城市的氮氧化物排放增速在减缓,而中型城市的排放增速在加快,显示我国亟需对燃煤氮氧化物排放进行控制. | 张强 耿冠楠 王斯文 RICHTER Andreas 贺克斌 | 2012 | 科学通报2012，57，16： | 39 |
| 20 | 新疆策勒绿洲胡杨水分生理特性研究显示文摘本文对新疆策勒绿洲胡杨在灌溉前后水分生理特性变化进行了研究。结果表明 :1)灌溉后胡杨水势的日均值 (- 1.4 5MPa)比灌溉前 (- 1.97MPa)有显著增加 ;2 )灌溉后胡杨蒸腾速率的日均值 (1.4 1mmolm- 2 s- 1 )比灌溉前(1.34mmolm- 2 s- 1 )有所升高 ,但幅度不大 ;3)试验证明 ,胡杨的生长对环境水分状况的依赖性相对较强。因此 ,维持胡杨生境内的水分平衡 ,是促进胡杨正常生长、更新的重要前提。该研究将对策勒绿洲胡杨的合理利用和科学管理提供一定的理论依据。 | 曾凡江 张希明 Andrea Foetzki 李向义 Michael Runge | 2002 | 干旱区研究2002，19，2： | 35 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员