| 1 | Evaluation of spatial and temporal patterns of insect damage and aflatoxin level in the pre-harvest corn fields to improve management tactics显示文摘在与有一致基因背景的植物的一个玉米领域里的黄麴毒素污染的关系的昆虫损坏的空间、时间的模式很好没被理解。在昆虫损坏和黄麴毒素在的空间模式的以前的考试以后预先收获玉米地,我们进一步与二采样检验了喂圆块、喂核的昆虫损坏,和黄麴毒素水平的空间、时间的模式在在 2008 和 2009 预先收获。由每 ear/kernel-feeding 昆虫的喂的损坏(即,丝绸 / 圆块上的玉米一种有害幼虫 / 秋天粟蚕损坏,和玉米核由的褪色坏透臭虫) 并且玉米象鼻虫人口用五只耳朵在每个格子点被估计。采样数据在两年里处于昆虫损坏和黄麴毒素污染显示出域边效果。玉米象鼻虫比任何一个玉米一种有害幼虫更经常向聚集的分布趋于或坏透两年里的臭虫损坏。为黄麴毒素水平检测聚集的分发的频率是昆虫损坏评价的不到任何东西。坏透臭虫损坏和玉米象鼻虫数字更仔细比是玉米一种有害幼虫的与黄麴毒素水平被联系损坏。另外,空间时间的协会(χ
) 的索引证明玉米象鼻虫的数字被联系在之间第一(4 个星期预先收获) 并且秒(1 个星期预先收获) 所有地上的两年里的采样。相反,在来自 Belflower 农场上的地的第一和第二采样之间的玉米一种有害幼虫损坏,和黄麴毒素水平和玉米一种有害幼虫在 Lang 农场上从这块地损坏在 2009 被分裂。 | Xinzhi Ni Jeffrey P. Wilson Michael D. Toews G. David Buntin R. Dewey Lee Xin Li Zhongren Lei Kanglai He Wenwei Xu Xianchun Li Alisa Huffaker Eric A. Schmelz | 2014 | Insect Science2014，21，5： | 2 |
| 2 | 9,10-KODA,an α-ketol produced by the tonoplastlocalized 9-lipoxygenase ZmLOX5,plays a signaling role in maize defense against insect herbivory显示文摘13-Lipoxygenases(LOXs)initiate the synthesis of jasmonic acid(JA),the best-understood oxylipin hormone in herbivory defense.However,the roles of 9-LOX-derived oxylipins in insect resistance remain unclear.Here,we report a novel anti-herbivory mechanism mediated by a tonoplast-localized 9-LOX,ZmLOX5,and its linolenic acid-derived product,9-hydroxy-10-oxo-12(Z),15(Z)-octadecadienoic acid(9,10-KODA).Transposon-insertional disruption of ZmLOX5 resulted in the loss of resistance to insect herbivory.lox5 knockout mutants displayed greatly reduced wound-induced accumulation of multiple oxylipins and defense metabolites,including benzoxazinoids,abscisic acid(ABA),and JA-isoleucine(JA-Ile).However,exogenous JA-Ile failed to rescue insect defense in lox5 mutants,while applications of 1 mM 9,10-KODA or the JA precursor,12-oxo-phytodienoic acid(12-OPDA),restored wild-type resistance levels.Metabolite profiling revealed that exogenous 9,10-KODA primed the plants for increased production of ABA and 12-OPDA,but not JA-Ile.While none of the 9-oxylipins were able to rescue JA-Ile induction,the lox5 mutant accumulated lower wound-induced levels of Ca^(2+),suggesting this as a potential explanation for lower wound-induced JA.Seedlings pretreated with 9,10-KODA exhibited rapid or more robust woundinduced defense gene expression.In addition,an artificial diet supplemented with 9,10-KODA arrested fall armyworm larvae growth.Finally,analysis of single and double lox5 and lox10 mutants showed that ZmLOX5 also contributed to insect defense by modulating ZmLOX10-mediated green leaf volatile signaling.Collectively,our study uncovered a previously unknown anti-herbivore defense and hormonelike signaling activity for a major 9-oxylipin α-ketol. | Peiguo Yuan Eli Borrego Yong-Soon Park Zachary Gorman Pei-Cheng Huang Jordan Tolley Shawn A.Christensen Jantana Blanford Aruna Kilaru Robert Meeley Hisashi Koiwa Stefan Vidal Alisa Huffaker Eric Schmelz Michael V.Kolomiets | 2023 | Molecular Plant2023，16，8： | 0 |
| 3 | Influence of brown stink bug feeding, planting date and sampling time on common smut infection of maize显示文摘植物病菌感染被关於生命、不能生活的因素经常在一块庄稼地里影响。褐的效果坏透臭虫, Euschistus servus (半翅类:Pentatomidae ) ,在玉米的感染百分比种的普通浪妇(Ustilago maydis ) 上喂并且种日期和采样时间被检验在 2005 和 2006,和 2010 和 2011 分别地。布朗坏透在玉米混血儿 “DKC6971” 上喂的臭虫成年人当用 3 个处理检验了时,没在在 2005 和 2006 的 flowering 影响浪妇感染百分比(即, 0 成年人, 5 个成年人,和 5 个成年人与浪妇孢子混合了) 。浪妇感染百分比 were <3%(n = 12 ) 在 3 个处理。在 4 每周的采样之中的浪妇感染百分比是一样,那么是在在处理之中的收获的自然黄麴毒素污染。第二实验证明那个种的日期没在 2010 或 2011 影响浪妇感染百分比。但是,从 postflowering 采样的浪妇感染百分比比两年里的 preflowering 采样大。浪妇感染百分比在 2010,然而并非在 2011 在 germplasm 线之中变化了。这研究证明褐坏透臭虫在 flowering 喂没在玉米,和最好的时间在浪妇感染上有效果因为浪妇评估将在 flowering 以后。温度和降水可能也在实验被进行的 4 年期间影响了感染浪妇的玉米植物的百分比。开拓殖民地于核的 U 的类似。maydis 和曲霉属菌 flavus 感染和遗传型 ×
环境相互作用也被讨论。 | Xinzhi Ni Michael D. Toews G. David Buntin James E. Carpenter Alisa Huffaker Eric A. Schmelz Ted E. Cottrell Zaid Abdo | 2014 | Insect Science2014，21，5： | 0 |
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