| 1 | Ophthalmology simulation for undergraduate and postgraduate clinical education显示文摘This is a review education paper on the current ophthalmology simulators utilized worldwide for undergraduate and postgraduate training. At present,various simulators such as the EYE Exam Simulator(Kyoto Kagaku Co. Ltd., Kyoto, Japan), Eyesi direct ophthalmoscope simulator(VRmagic, Gmb H, Mannheim,Germany), Eyesi indirect ophthalmoscope simulator(VRmagic, Gmb H, Mannheim, Germany) and Eyesi cataract simulators(VRmagic, Gmb H, Mannheim,Germany). These simulators are thought to be able to reduce the initial learning curve for the ophthalmology training but further research will need to be conducted to assess the effectiveness of the simulation-assisted ophthalmology training. Future research will be of great value to assess the medical students and residents' responses and performance regarding the usefulness of the individual eye simulator. | Daniel Shu Wei Ting Shaun Sebastian Khung Peng Sim Christine Wen Leng Yau Mohamad Rosman Ai Tee Aw Ian Yew San Yeo | 2016 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2016，9，6： | 3 |
| 2 | An intensive and personalised care planning programme improves clinical outcomes in patients with diabetic retinopathy:a pilot randomised controlled trial显示文摘Background:Using a pilot randomised controlled trial(RCT),to assess the short-term effectiveness of a structured diabetic retinopathy(DR)-specific,intensive,and personalised care planning(DR-IPCP)intervention on diabetes control outcomes in Singaporeans with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes.Methods:Eighteen individuals with mild-moderate DR and poor glycemic control[HbA1c≥64 mmol/mol(≥8.0%)over two consecutive 6-month readings]were randomized to DR-IPCP(n=9)or usual care(UC,n=9).The intervention included a physician consultation,an initial personalised eye consultation with a experienced diabetes nurse educator,and three behaviour change follow-up calls.HbA1c(primary outcome),lipids and blood pressure were assessed at baseline and three months post-intervention.Participant feedback regarding the DR-IPCP program was collected at three months via a semi-structured telephone interview.Results:While no significant between-group differences were observed,DR-IPCP participants experienced significant within-group reductions in HbA1c,total cholesterol,and low density lipoprotein at follow-up compared to baseline[7 mmol/mol(−0.8%),−0.64 mmol/L,and−0.66 mmol/L,respectively].No significant within-group changes in these parameters were observed in the UC group.Following the DR-IPCP intervention,participants reported a clearer understanding of the link between diabetes management;the development and progression of DR.Conclusions:DR-IPCP provides an effective short-term improvement in diabetes control parameters in DR patients with poor diabetes control.An adequately powered and longitudinal RCT is warranted to assess the clinical,patient-centred and economic potential of this programme in this population. | Amudha Aravindhan Eva K.Fenwick Ryan Eyn Kidd Man Aw Ai Tee Ecosse L.Lamoureux | 2020 | Annals of Eye Science2020，，1： | 0 |
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