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| 1 | 卒中相关性肺炎的诊断卒中肺炎共识小组的推荐意见显示文摘背景和目的下呼吸道感染常并发于卒中并对转归造成不利影响。对于并发于卒中的下呼吸道感染性疾病,目前尚无公认的专业术语或诊断金标准,这导致临床诊疗和研究受到影响。本共识旨在提出急性卒中并发下呼吸道感染的标准化术语和可操作性诊断标准。方法对多个文献数据库进行系统检索,经过证据回顾和2轮讨论,最后于2014年9月在英国曼彻斯特召开共识会议,经75%以上共识小组成员达成一致意见后形成共识。结果达成的共识如下:(1)推荐使用卒中相关性肺炎(stroke-associated pneumonia, SAP )作为卒中发病后7 d内发生的下呼吸道感染性疾病的专业术语。(2)提议对 SAP 使用经过改良的美国疾病控制预防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC)诊断标准:①很可能的 SAP:符合 CDC 诊断标准,但复查或动态监测胸部 X 片仍缺乏典型改变;②确诊的 SAP:符合 CDC 诊断标准,且胸部 X 片有典型改变。(3)关于白细胞计数或 C反应蛋白在 SAP 诊断中的作用证据有限。(4)其他生物学标记物(如降钙素原)的证据不足。结论提议根据 CDC 诊断标准对 SAP 的术语和诊断制定可操作性的共识标准,需要在卒中患者中进行前瞻性研究来确定其信度、效度以及对医生行为(包括抗生素选择)和临床转归的影响。 | Craig J. Smith Amit K Kishore Andy Vail Angel Chamorro Javier Garau Stephen J. Hopkins Mario Di Napoli Lalit Kalra Peter Langhorne Joan Montaner Christine Roffe Anthony G. Rudd Pippa J. TyrreU Diederik van de Peek Mark Woodhead Andreas Meisel 范琳琳 宿英英 | 2016 | 国际脑血管病杂志2016，24，2： | 17 |
| 2 | Head mass in chronic pancreatitis: Inflammatory or malignant显示文摘Chronic pancreatitis increases the risk of developing pancreatic cancer. This often presents as a mass lesion in the head of pancreas. Mass lesion in the head of pancreas can also occur secondary to an inflammatory lesion. Recognising this is crucial to avoid unnecessary surgery. This is sometimes difficult as there is an overlap in clinical presentation and conventional computed tomography(CT) abdomen findings in inflammatory andmalignant mass. Advances in imaging technologies like endoscopic ultrasound in conjunction with techniques like fine needle aspiration, contrast enhancement and elastography as well as multidetector row CT, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography scanning have been shown to help in distinguishing inflammatory and malignant mass. Research is ongoing to develop molecular techniques to help characterise focal pancreatic mass lesions. This paper reviews the current status of imaging and molecular techniques in differentiating a benign mass lesion in chronic pancreatitis and from malignancy. | Amit K Dutta Ashok Chacko | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，3： | 16 |
| 3 | Management of hypersplenism in non-cirrhotic portal hypertension:a surgical series显示文摘BACKGROUND:Hypersplenism is commonly seen in patients with non-cirrhotic portal hypertension(NCPH).While a splenectomy alone can effectively relieve the hypersplenism,it does not address the underlying portal hypertension.The present study was undertaken to analyze the impact of shunt and non-shunt operations on the resolution of hypersplenism in patients with NCPH.The relationship of symptomatic hypersplenism,severe hypersplenism and number of peripheral cell line defects to the severity of portal hypertension and outcome was also assessed.METHODS:A retrospective analysis of NCPH patients with hypersplenism managed surgically between 1999 and 2009 at our center was done.Of 252 patients with NCPH,64(45 with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction and 19 with non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis) had hypersplenism and constituted the study group.Statistical analysis was done using GraphPad InStat.Categorical and continuous variables were compared using the chi-square test,ANOVA,and Student's t test.The MannWhitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare non-parametric variables.RESULTS:The mean age of patients in the study group was 21.81±6.1 years.Hypersplenism was symptomatic in 70.3% with an incidence of spontaneous bleeding at 26.5%,recurrent anemia at 34.4%,and recurrent infection at 29.7%.The mean duration of surgery was 4.16±1.9 hours,intraoperative blood loss was 457±126(50-2000) mL,and postoperative hospital stay 5.5±1.9 days.Following surgery,normalization of hypersplenism occurred in all patients.On long-term followup,none of the patients developed hepatic encephalopathy and 4 had a variceal re-bleeding(2 after a splenectomy alone,1 each after an esophago-gastric devascularization and proximal splenorenal shunt).Patients with severe hypersplenism and those with defects in all three peripheral blood cell lineages were older,had a longer duration of symptoms,and a higher incidence of variceal bleeding and postoperative morbidity.In addition,patients with triple cell line defects had elevated portal pressure(P=0.001),portal biliopathy(P=0.02),portal gastropathy(P=0.005) and intraoperative blood loss(P=0.001).CONCLUSIONS:Hypersplenism is effectively relieved by both shunt and non-shunt operations.A proximal splenorenal shunt not only relieves hypersplenism but also effectively addresses the potential complications of underlying portal hypertension and can be safely performed with good long-term outcome.Patients with hypersplenism who have defects in all three blood cell lineages have significantly elevated portal pressures and are at increased risk of complications of variceal bleeding,portal biliopathy and gastropathy. | Rajesh Rajalingam Amit Javed Dharmanjay Sharma Puja Sakhuja Shivendra Singh Hirdaya H Nag Anil K Agarwal | 2012 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2012，11，2： | 7 |
| 4 | Novel targeting approaches and signaling pathways of colorectal cancer: An insight显示文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the third most common cancer of mortality in the world. Chemotherapy based treatment leads to innumerable side effects as it delivers the anticancer drug to both normal cells besides cancer cells. Sonic Hedgehog(SHH), Wnt wingless-type mouse mammary tumor virus/β-catenin, transforming growth factor-β/SMAD, epidermal growth factor receptor and Notch are the main signaling pathways involved in the progression of CRC. Targeted therapies necessitate information regarding the particular aberrant pathways. Advancements in gene therapies have resulted in the recognition of novel therapeutic targets related with these signal-transduction cascades. CRC is a stepwise process where mutations occur over the time and activation of oncogenes and deactivation of tissue suppressor genes takes place. Genetic changes which are responsible for the induction of carcinogenesis include loss of heterozygosity in tumor suppressor genes such as adenomatous polyposis coli, mutation or deletion of genes like p53 and K-ras. Therefore, many gene-therapy approaches like gene correction, virusdirected enzyme-prodrug therapy, immunogenetic manipulation and virotherapy are currently being explored. Development of novel strategies for the safe and effective delivery of drugs to the cancerous site is the need of the hour. This editorial accentuates different novel strategies with emphasis on gene therapy and immunotherapy for the management of CRC. | Ankita Tiwari Shivani Saraf Amit Verma Pritish Kumar Panda Sanjay K Jain | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，39： | 6 |
| 5 | Coagonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon receptors ameliorates kidney injury in murine models of obesity and diabetes mellitus显示文摘AIM To investigate the role of glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)/glucagon receptors coagonist on renal dysfunction associated with diabetes and obesity. METHODS Chronic high-fat diet fed C57 BL/6 J mice, streptozotocintreated high-fat diet fed C57 BL/6 J mice and diabeticC57 BLKS/J db/db mice were used as models of diabetes-induced renal dysfunction. The streptozotocintreated high-fat diet fed mice and db/db mice were treated with the GLP-1 and glucagon receptors coagonist(Aib2 C24 Chimera2, 150 μg/kg, sc) for twelve weeks, while in chronic high-fat diet fed mice, coagonist(Aib2 C24 Chimera2, 150 μg/kg, sc) treatment was continued for forty weeks. Kidney function, histology, fibrosis, inflammation, and plasma biochemistry were assessed at the end of the treatment. RESULTS Coagonist treatment decreased body weight, plasma lipids, insulin resistance, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, urinary albumin excretion rate and renal lipids. In kidney, expression of lipogenic genes(SREBP-1 C, FAS, and SCD-1) was decreased, and expression of genes involved in β-oxidation(CPT-1 and PPAR-α) was increased due to coagonist treatment. In plasma, coagonist treatment increased adiponectin and FGF21 and decreased IL-6 and TNF-?. Coagonist treatment reduced expression of inflammatory(TNF-α, MCP-1, and MMP-9) and pro-fibrotic(TGF-β, COL1 A1, and α-SMA) genes and also improved histological derangement in renal tissue.CONCLUSION Coagonist of GLP-1 and glucagon receptors alleviated diabetes and obesity-induced renal dysfunction by reducing glucose intolerance, obesity, and hyperlipidemia. | Vishal J Patel Amit A Joharapurkar Samadhan G Kshirsagar Brijesh K Sutariya Maulik S Patel Hiren M Patel Dheerendra K Pandey Rajesh H Bahekar Mukul R Jain | 2018 | World Journal of Diabetes2018，9，6： | 5 |
| 6 | Understanding prostate-specific antigen dynamics in monitoring metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: implications for clinical practice显示文摘象为变形阉割抵抗的前列腺癌症(CRPC ) 的 docetaxel 和 cabazitaxel 治疗一样的新奇神经质的治疗的可获得性在没有前进的幸存和全面幸存与改进为这组病人改变了眼界。医生们经常用浆液诊断前列腺癌症的前进前列腺特定的抗原(PSA ) 。然而,浆液 PSA 总是没在 CRPC 与临床的地位被相关。与更大的精确评估 PSA 动力学, PSA 并且 CRPC 的开发的机制的控制的理解被需要。而且,与最佳地改进预后和病人的 QOL 的适当预定使用新神经质的治疗是必要的。在现在的评论,我们查明 PSA 动力学和 CRPC 的发展的机制为 mCRPC 在新治疗的最佳的利用帮助。 | Atsushi Mizokami Kouji Izumi Hiroyuki Konaka Yasuhide Kitagawa Yoshifumi Kadono Kazutaka Narimoto Takahiro Nohara Amit K Bahl Mikio Namiki | 2017 | Asian Journal of Andrology2017，19，2： | 5 |
| 7 | Antioxidant Machinery Related to Decreased MDA Generation by Thymus Algeriensis Essential Oil-induced Liver and Kidney Regeneration显示文摘Objective This study was conducted to determine the histopathological and biochemical effects of Thymus algeriensis essential oil(TEO) on hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2)-induced oxidative stress in liver and kidney tissues of rats. Methods Rats were treated in six groups and were exposed for 2 weeks to low(LD; 100 μmol/L) and high doses(HD;1 mmol/L) of H_2O_2 in the presence or absence of TEO(180 mg/kg). Liver and kidney atrophy was measured by using biochemical and histopathological assays. Results Our study demonstrated that H_2O_2 induced liver and kidney atrophy, as evidenced by the significant elevation of serum aminotransferase, urea, and creatinine levels compared with those in the control rats. Urea levels were estimated by evaluating the activity of serum urease that hydrolyzes urea into CO_2 and ammonia. However, TEO treatment significantly alleviated oxidative stress in the H_2O_2-induced liver and kidney toxicity model by reducing the levels of malondialdehyde concomitantly with marked elevations in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase, as well as decrease in glutathione activity. Conclusion Our data demonstrated that TEO protected against H_2O_2 toxicity by decreasing oxidant levels and DNA damage, as well as increasing antioxidant levels, indicating that TEO has a spectrum of antioxidant and DNA-protective properties. | Guesmi Fatma Amit K Tyagi Bellamine Houda Landoulsi Ahmed | 2016 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2016，29，9： | 3 |
| 8 | Computerized tomography based “patient specific blocks” improve postoperative mechanical alignment in primary total knee arthroplasty显示文摘AIM: To compare the postoperative mechanical alignment achieved after total knee arthroplasty(TKA) using computer tomography(CT) based patient specific blocks(PSB) to conventional instruments(CI).METHODS: Total 80 knees were included in the study, with 40 knees in both the groups operated using PSB and CI. All the knees were performed by a single surgeon using the same cruciate sacrificing implants. In our study we used CT based PSB to compare with CI. Postoperative mechanical femoro-tibial angle(MFT angle) was measured on long leg x-rays using picture archiving and communication system(PACS). We compared mechanical alignment achieved using PSB and CI in TKA using statistical analysis.RESULTS: The PSB group(group 1) included 17 females and seven males while in CI group(group 2) there were 15 females and eight males. The mean age of patients in group 1 was 60.5 years and in group 2 it was 60.2 years. The mean postoperative MFT angle measured on long-leg radiographs in group 1 was 178.23°(SD = 2.67°, range: 171.9° to 182.5°) while in group 2, the mean MFT angle was 175.73°(SD = 3.62°, range: 166.0° to 179.8°). There was significant improvement in postoperative mechanical alignment(P value = 0.001), in PSB group compared to CI. Number of outliers were also found to be less in group operated with PSB(7 Knee) compared to those operated with CI(17 Knee).CONCLUSION: PSB improve mechanical alignment after total knee arthroplasty, compared to CI. This may lead to lower rates of revision in the PSB based TKA as compared to the conventional instrumentation. | Raju Vaishya Vipul Vijay Vikas P Birla Amit K Agarwal | 2016 | World Journal of Orthopedics2016，7，7： | 2 |
| 9 | Novel technique for anastomotic salvage using transanal minimally invasive surgery:A case report显示文摘Anastomotic leak(AL)after low anterior resection(LAR)can be a highly morbid complication.The incidence of AL ranges from 5%to 20%depending on patient characteristics and the distance of the anastomosis from the anal verge.Low anastomoses and leaks pose technical challenges for endoscopic treatment.The aim of this report was to describe the use of a commercially available laparoscopic energy device through a transanal minimally invasive surgery(TAMIS)port for the management of a symptomatic leak not requiring relaparotomy(grade B)after a LAR with diverting loop ileostomy.CASE SUMMARY A TAMIS GelPOINT Path port was inserted into the anus to access the distal rectum.Pneumorectum was achieved with AirSeal insufflation and a 30 degree laparoscope was introduced through a trocar.A LigaSureTM Retractable L-Hook device was then used to perform a septotomy of the chronic sinus tract identified posterior to the coloproctostomy.The procedure was then repeated twice in three weeks intervals with ultimate resolution of the chronic leak cavity.Several months after serial TAMIS septotomies,barium enema demonstrated a patent anastomosis with no evidence of persistent leak or stricture.The patient subsequently underwent ileostomy reversal and has had no significant postoperative issues.CONCLUSION TAMIS septotomy with the LigaSureTM Retractable L-Hook is a feasible and effective,minimally invasive salvage technique for the treatment of grade B ALs.Larger studies are needed to assess the generalizability and long-term results of this technique. | Oscar A Olavarria Robert L Kress Shinil K Shah Amit K Agarwal | 2019 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2019，11，5： | 2 |
| 10 | Preface显示文摘This conference on Femtochemistry,Femtobiology,and Femtophysics(Femto IX)was organized in Beijing during the period of August8-13,2009.The event was timely not only because of the rise of science and technology in China and neighboring Asian countries but also because of the cultural and economic | Arne K DAHLE Amit K GHOSH | 2010 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2010，53，6： | 2 |
| 11 | Structural,Wettability and Optical Investigation of Titanium Oxynitride Coatings:Effect of Various Sputtering Parameters显示文摘The objective of the present work is to investigate the effect of various sputtering parameters such as nitrogen flow rate,deposition time and sputtering pressure on structural,wettability and optical properties of titanium oxynitride films deposited on glass substrate by reactive magnetron sputtering.The X-ray diffraction graphs of titanium oxynitride films show evolution of various textures of TiO_xN_y and TiN phases with increasing nitrogen flow rate and deposition time,but an increase in sputtering pressure from 4.0 to 8.0 Pa results in decline of various textures observed for TiO_xN_y and TiN phases.The stress and strain calculated by sin^2Ψ method are compressive,which decrease with increasing nitrogen flow rate from 55 to 100 sccm(standard cubic centimeter per minute) and increase with increasing deposition time from 80 to 140 min due to atomic penning effect and increasing thickness of the deposited films.The titanium oxynitride films have contact angle values above 90 deg.,indicating that films are hydrophobic.The maximum contact angle of 109.1 deg.is observed at deposition time of 140 min.This water repellent property can add value to potential protective,wear and corrosion resistant application of titanium oxynitride films.The band gap decreases from 1.98 to 1.83 eV as nitrogen flow rate is increased from 55 to 100 sccm;it decreases from 1.93 to 1.79 eV as deposition time is increased from 80 to 140 min as more nitrogen incorporation results in higher negative potential of valence band N2p orbital.But it increases from 2.26 to 2.34 eV for titanium oxynitride films as sputtering pressure increases from 4.0 to 8.0 Pa. | Sushant K Rawal Amit Kumar Chawla R.Jayaganthan Ramesh Chandra | 2012 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2012，28，6： | 2 |
| 12 | ID-based ring signature and proxy ring signature schemes from bilinear pairings显示文摘 | Amit K Sunder L | 2007 | Internal Journal of Network Security2007，4，2： | 1 |
| 13 | A simple space vector PWM scheme to operate a three-level NPC inverter at high modulation index including overmodulation region, with neutral point balancing显示文摘 | Amit K G Ashwin M K | 2007 | IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications2007，43，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Elastic and inelastic recoverty after plastic deformation of DQSK steel sheet显示文摘 | Amit K G | 2003 | Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology2003，125，： | 1 |
| 15 | Structural features, properties and regulation of the outer-membrane protein W (OmpW) of Vibrio cholerae 显示文摘 | Bisweswar Nandi Ranjan K Amit Sarkar | 2005 | Microbiology2005，151，2： | 1 |
| 16 | the basic and applied aspects of superoxide dismutase显示文摘 | Amit B Som D Arun K | 2011 | Journal of Molecular Catalysis B:Enzymatic2011，68，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Serine Palmitoyl transferase Regulates de Novo Ceramide Generation during Etoposide-induced Apoptosis显示文摘 | Perry DK Jill Carton Amit K Shah | 2000 | J Biol Chem2000，275，12： | 1 |
| 18 | ID-based ring signature and proxy ring signature schemes from bilinear pairings显示文摘 | Amit K Sunder L | 2007 | Internal Journal of Network Se curity2007，4，18： | 1 |
| 19 | Gallic acid based steroidal phenstatin analogues for selective targeting of breast cancer cells through inhibiting tubulin polymerization显示文摘 | Swati Parihar Atul Gupta Amit K | 2012 | Sterodis2012，77，89： | 1 |
| 20 | Age-dependent effects of isolation housing on the self-administration of ethanol in laboratory rats显示文摘 | SCHENK S GORMAN K AMIT Z | 1990 | Alcohol1990，7，4： | 1 |
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