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| 1 | Highlights in pathogenesis of vitiligo显示文摘Vitiligo is a common pigmentary disorder. Many studies across decades and all over the world have attempted to illustrate the pathogenesis behind it; however, the pathogenesis of vitiligo remains elusive. This review article, we present the findings behind the most and updated theories behind this psychologically debilitating and disfiguring disease. The discussion begun with the role of genetic predisposition followed by neural theory first proposed in the 1950 s. Wehighlight the autoimmune hypothesis, followed by the reactive oxygen species model, zinc-α2-glycoprotein deficiency hypothesis, viral theory, intrinsic theory and biochemical, molecular and cellular alterations accounting for loss of functioning melanocytes in vitiligo. Many theories were elaborated to clarify vitiligo pathogenesis. It is a multifactorial disease involving the interplay of several factors. Future research is needed to clarify the interaction of these factors for better understanding of vitiligo pathogenesis and subsequent successful treatment. | Ghada F Mohammed Amal Hussein Gomaa Mohammed Saleh Al-Dhubaibi | 2015 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2015，3，3： | 13 |
| 2 | Effectiveness of hepatitis B virus vaccination program in Egypt:Multicenter national project显示文摘AIM:To assess the effectiveness of hepatitis B virus(HBV) vaccination program among fully vaccinated children.METHODS:A national community based crosssectional study was carried out in 6 governorates representing Egypt. A total of 3600 children aged from 9 mo to 16 years who were fully vaccinated with HBV vaccine during infancy were recruited. Face to face interviews were carried out and sera were evaluated for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsA g),anti-HBV core antibodies(total) and quantitative detection of hepatitis B surface antibody using enzyme linked immunoassays techniques. Samples positive to HBs Ag/anti-HBV core antibodies were subjected to quantitative HBV-DNA detection by real time polymerase chain reaction with 3.8 IU/L detection limit. RESULTS:Sero-protection was detected among 2059 children(57.2%) with geometric mean titers 75.4 ± 3.6 IU/L compared to 3.1 ± 2.1 IU/L among nonseroprotected children. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that older age and female gender were the significant predicting variables for having non seroprotective level,with adjusted odds ratio 3.3,9.1and 14.2 among children aged 5 to < 10,10 to < 15 and ≥ 15 years respectively compared to those < 5 years and 1.1 among girls compared to boys with P < 0.01. HBs Ag was positive in 0.11% and breakthrough infection was 0.36% and 0.39% depending on positivity of anti-HBc and DNA detection respectively. The prevalence of HBV infection was significantly higher among children aged ≥ 7 years(0.59%) compared to 0.07% among younger children with odds ratio equal to 8.4(95%CI:1.1-64.2) and P < 0.01.The prevalence was higher among girls(0.48%) than boys(0.29%) with P > 0.05. C ON C LU S I ON :T he E gy pt ian c ompuls or y H B V vaccination program provides adequate protection. Occult HBV infection exists among apparently healthy vaccinated children. Adherence to infection control measures is mandatory. | Iman I Salama Samia M Sami Zeinab Nabil Ahmed Said Manal H El-Sayed Lobna A El Etreby Thanaa M Rabah Dalia M Elmosalami Amany T Abdel Hamid Somaia I Salama Aida M Abdel Mohsen Hanaa M Emam Safaa M Elserougy Amal I Hassanain Naglaa F Abd Alhalim Fatma A Shaaban Samia A Hemeda Nihad A Ibrahim Ammal M Metwally | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，22： | 2 |
| 3 | Matemal aging and chromosomal abnormalities:New data drawn from in vitro unfertilized human oocytes显示文摘 | Pellestor F Anrdreo B Amal F | 2003 | Hun Genet2003，112，2： | 1 |
| 4 | Matemnal aging and chom osomal abnomalities New data drawn from in vitro unfertilized hum an oocytes显示文摘 | PellestorF Andreo B Amal F etal | 2003 | Hum Genet2003，112，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Molecular detection of circu- lating thyroid specic transcripts (TSHR/Tg-mRNAs) in thyroid cancer patients : Their diagnostic significance显示文摘 | SALAW H T SARA H A AMAL F | 2011 | Egypt J Med Human Genet2011，12，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Giant magnetoimpedance of amorphous ribbon/Cu/amorphous ribbon trilayer microstructures显示文摘 | Amalou F | 2004 | J Applied Physics2004，95，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Direct repair ( nerve gra- fting), neurotization, and end-to-side neurorrhaphy in the treatment of brachial plexus injury 显示文摘 | Haninec P S(amal F Tom(as R | 2007 | J Neurosurg2007，106，： | 1 |
| 8 | Development of biochemical markers for salt stress tolerance in cucumber plants显示文摘 | EL-BAZ F K AMAL A M AMINA A A | 2003 | Pak J Biol Sci2003，6，： | 1 |
| 9 | Matemal aging and chom osomal abnomalities Newdata drawn from in vitro unfertilized human oocytes显示文摘 | Pellestor F Andreo B Amal F | 2003 | Hum Genet2003，112，2： | 1 |
| 10 | 显示文摘 | Amalou F Gijs M A M | 2002 | Appl Phys Lett2002，81，： | 1 |
| 11 | Eosinophils are dis- pensable for allergic remodeling and immunity in a model of house dust mite-induced airway disease 显示文摘 | Ramzi F Amal AG Marcia F | 2011 | Am J Re- spir Crit Care Med2011，183，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Totally drug-resistant tuberculosis in India显示文摘 | Udwadia Z F Amale R A Ajbani K K | 2012 | Clinical Infectious Diseases2012，54，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Quantification of regional left and, right ventricular radial and longitudinal function in healthy children using ultrasound based strain rate and strain imaging显示文摘 | Weidemann F Eyskens B J amal F | 2002 | J Am Soc Echocardiogr2002，15，： | 1 |
| 14 | Giant magnetoimpedance of chemically thinned and polished magnetic amorphous ribbons显示文摘 | Amalou F Gijis M A M | | 0，，07： | 1 |
| 15 | Quantification of regionallef t and right vent ricular radial and longitudinal function in healt hychildren using uh rasound2based st rain rate and sl rain imaging 显示文摘 | Weidemann F Eyskens B J amal F | 2002 | J Am Soc Echocardiogr2002，15，： | 1 |
| 16 | Maternal aging and chromosomal abnormalities:new data drawn from in vitro unfertilized human oocytes显示文摘 | PELLESTOR F ANDREO B AMAL F | 2003 | Hum Genet2003，112，： | 1 |
| 17 | Plasma Leptin and TNF-α Levels in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients and Their Relationship to Hepatic Fibrosis显示文摘 | Javier Crespo Montserrat Rivero Emilio Fábrega Amalía Cayón José Antonio Amado Maria Teresa García-Unzeta Fernando Pons-Romero | 2002 | Digestive Diseases and Sciences2002，，7： | 1 |
| 18 | Maternal aging and chromosomal abnormalities: new data drawn from in vitro unfertilized human oocytes 显示文摘 | Pellestor F Andr$o B Amal F | 2003 | Hum Genet2003，112，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Quantification of regional left and right ventricular radial and longitudinal function in healthy children using ultrasound based strain rate and strain imaging显示文摘 | Weidemann F Eyskens B J amal F | 2002 | J Am Soc Echocardiogr2002，15，1： | 1 |
| 20 | 显示文摘 | Amalou F Gijs M A M | 2004 | Appl Phys2004，95，： | 1 |
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