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| 1 | 外源一氧化氮对盐胁迫下高粱种子萌发及淀粉转化的影响显示文摘【目的】探讨外源一氧化氮(NO)对盐胁迫下高粱种子萌发过程的生理生化调节作用,为揭示甜高粱种子的萌发生理及其化学调控提供理论依据。【方法】以晋甜08-1为试材,用NaCl浓度(mmol·L-1)为0、50、100、150、200、300和400的溶液培养高粱种子,通过萌发率确定高粱种子萌发期的耐盐适宜浓度、半致死浓度和极限浓度。用0.05、0.1、0.2、0.4、0.6和0.8 mmol·L-1硝普钠(SNP,NO供体)在25℃黑暗条件下浸种12 h,以150 mmol·L-1的NaCl模拟盐胁迫,在培养36 h统计发芽势,72 h统计发芽率,在5 d时取样测定脯氨酸、丙二醛含量及淀粉转化相关指标。采用二硝基水杨酸法测定淀粉酶活性和还原性糖,蒽酮法测定可溶性糖和淀粉含量,茚三酮显色法测定脯氨酸含量,硫代巴比妥酸显色法测定丙二醛含量。通过对高粱种子发芽率、发芽势及种子吸胀、淀粉酶活性、淀粉及糖含量、脯氨酸等指标进行测定分析,研究外源一氧化氮对盐胁迫下高粱种子萌发及淀粉转化的影响。【结果】NaCl胁迫下高粱种子的萌发受到明显抑制,NaCl浓度大于100 mmol·L-1时高粱种子的萌发率显著降低,150 mmol·L-1 NaCl处理时高粱种子的萌发率为63.17%,400 mmol·L-1 NaCl完全抑制高粱种子萌发。0.05 mmol·L-1的SNP处理能够缓解盐胁迫对种子萌发的抑制,种子发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数分别比对照高14.44%、12.22%和18.07%(P<0.05);SNP处理使高粱种子中脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量分别增加18.97%和41.43%,从而降低渗透势,促进种子吸水,缓解NaCl造成的渗透胁迫,丙二醛含量显著降低,较NaCl单独处理降低了17.79%。SNP处理还能迅速提高盐胁迫下种子淀粉酶活性,在处理后第1天时就比NaCl处理提高了17.20%,加速淀粉的降解,显著增加可溶性糖和还原性糖含量。在处理的第5天时,SNP+NaCl处理淀粉含量比NaCl处理降低19.17%,可溶性糖和还原性糖的含量分别提高了41.4%和41.0%,差异显著(P<0.05),这为种子萌发提供能量,提高高粱种子萌发期的抗盐性。【结论】外源NO可调节高粱种子萌发期的淀粉酶活性和渗透调节能力,提高其对盐胁迫的抵抗能力,促进种子的萌发。 | 尹美强 王栋 王金荣 兰敏 赵娟 董淑琦 宋喜娥 ALAM Sher 原向阳 王玉国 温银元 | 2019 | 中国农业科学2019，52，22： | 18 |
| 2 | 谷子秸秆不同部位水浸液对3种杂草的化感作用显示文摘通过测定种子萌芽期生物学指标和盆栽苗期生理指标,研究谷子不同部位(叶片、茎秆)不同浓度(原液、10倍稀释液、50倍稀释液、100倍稀释液)浸提液对反枝苋、藜、狗尾草3种谷田恶性杂草的化感作用。结果表明:谷子叶片、茎秆水浸提液对3种杂草均存在显著化感作用,且不同浓度浸提液化感作用存在差异,总体表现为原液有抑制作用,稀释液(10、50、100倍)有促进作用。叶片、茎秆浸提液原液处理下,反枝苋、藜、狗尾草的发芽率分别下降了63.9%、37.3%和41.7%,根长仅为对照的27.8%、37.8%和18.4%,芽长仅为对照的34.5%、27.7%和17.6%,净光合速率为对照的66.6%、89.9%和88.2%,蒸腾速率为对照的69.0%、87.5%和56.1%,原液对3种杂草的综合化感效应指数为-0.699、-0.716和-0.795,表现出较强的化感抑制作用。稀释液处理下化感促进作用随稀释倍数增加呈先上升后下降趋势,其中50倍稀释液促进作用最强,3种杂草的发芽率、根长和芽长均与对照达到差异显著水平,综合化感效应指数分别为0.261、0.217和0.165。谷田伴生杂草大量生长与谷子秸秆中化感物质淋溶有关。 | 董淑琦 曹鹏 胡春艳 Sher Alam 原向阳 杨雪芳 郭平毅 | 2020 | 应用生态学报2020，31，7： | 18 |
| 3 | Landslide inventory and susceptibility modelling using geospatial tools,in Hunza-Nagar valley,northern Pakistan显示文摘A comprehensive landslide inventory and susceptibility maps are prerequisite for developing and implementing landslide mitigation strategies. Landslide susceptibility maps for the landslides prone regions in northern Pakistan are rarely available. The Hunza-Nagar valley in northern Pakistan is known for its frequent and devastating landslides. In this paper, we have developed a landslide inventory map for Hunza-Nagar valley by using the visual interpretation of the SPOT-5 satellite imagery and mapped a total of 172 landslides. The landslide inventory was subsequently divided into modelling and validation data sets. For the development of landslide susceptibility map seven discrete landslide causative factors were correlated with the landslide inventory map using weight of evidence and frequency ratio statistical models. Four different models of conditional independence were used for the selection of landslide causative factors. The produced landslides susceptibility maps were validated by the success rate and area under curves criteria. The prediction power of the models was also validated with the prediction rate curve. The validation results shows that the success rate curves of the weight of evidence and the frequency models are 82% and 79%, respectively. The prediction accuracy results obtained from this study are 84% for weight of evidence model and 80% for the frequency ratio model. Finally, the landslide susceptibility index maps were classified into five different varying susceptibility zones. The validation and prediction result indicates that the weight of evidence and frequency ratio model are reliable to produce an accurate landslide susceptibility map, which may be helpful for landslides management strategies. | Alam Sher BACHA Muhammad SHAFIQUE Harald van der WERFF | 2018 | Journal of Mountain Science2018，15，6： | 8 |
| 4 | Landslide inventory and susceptibility assessment using multiple statistical approaches along the Karakoram highway,northern Pakistan显示文摘China-Pakistan Economic Corridor(CPEC)is a framework of regional connectivity,which will not only benefit China and Pakistan but will have positive impact on Iran,Afghanistan,India,Central Asian Republic,and the region.The surrounding area in CPEC is prone to frequent disruption by geological hazards mainly landslides in northern Pakistan.Comprehensive landslide inventory and susceptibility assessment are rarely available to utilize for landslide mitigation strategies.This study aims to utilize the high-resolution satellite images to develop a comprehensive landslide inventory and subsequently develop landslide susceptibility maps using multiple techniques.The very high-resolution(VHR)satellite images are utilized to develop a landslide inventory using the visual image classification techniques,historic records and field observations.A total of 1632 landslides are mapped in the area.Four statistical models i.e.,frequency ratio,artificial neural network,weights of evidence and logistic regression were used for landslide susceptibility modeling by comparing the landslide inventory with the topographic parameters,geological features,drainage and road network.The developed landslides susceptibility maps were verified using the area under curve(AUC)method.The prediction power of the model was assessed by the prediction rate curve.The success rate curves show 93%,92.8%,92.7%and 87.4%accuracy of susceptibility maps for frequency ratio,artificial neural network,weights of evidence and logistic regression,respectively.The developed landslide inventory and susceptibility maps can be used for land use planning and landslide mitigation strategies. | Mian Luqman HUSSAIN Muhammad SHAFIQUE Alam Sher BACHA CHEN Xiao-qing CHEN Hua-yong | 2021 | Journal of Mountain Science2021，18，3： | 4 |
| 5 | Optical Transmittance and Band Gap of Ferroelectric BaTi2O5 Bulk Glass显示文摘 | Javed Ahmad Hidetoshi Minami Sher Alam Jianding Yu Yasutomo Arai Hiromoto Uwe | 2008 | Chinese Physics Letters2008，25，12： | 0 |
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