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| 1 | 急性缺血性卒中患者早期处理指南:美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会对医疗专业人员的指南(续前)显示文摘7静脉溶栓
7.1静脉rtPA
急性卒中的静脉溶栓治疗现已得到普遍接受。美国FDA于1996年批准静脉应用rtPA,部分基于NINDSrtPA卒中试验结果。 | Edward C. Jauch Jeffrey L. Saver Harold P. Adams Askiel Bruno J.J. (Buddy) Connors Bart M. Demaerschalk Pooja Khatri Paul W. McMullan Adnan I. Qureshi Kenneth Rosenfield Phillip A. Scott Debbie R. Summers David Z. Wang Max Wintermark Howard Yonas 李海峰(译) 岳耀先(译) 王琦(译) 张贤军(译) 丁晓君(译) | 2013 | 国际脑血管病杂志2013，21，8： | 975 |
| 2 | 基于模型的复杂地表区静校正方法显示文摘在简要介绍静校正处理中常用方法及其特点基础上,结合研究区的特点,本文提出了基于模型的静校正处理方法。根据该区近地表特点重新定义了沙丘底面(模型顶面),并与沙丘压实曲线结合建立了相对准确的近地表模型;针对区内微测井数据分布不均、折射层不稳定等问题,引入相对折射静校正方法,实现了对模型在复杂近地表变化区域的精度修正,保证了基准面校正的可靠性,并为后续地表一致性剩余静校正打下了良好基础。实际资料处理应用表明,此模型静校正方法可较好地适应复杂地表地区的静校正处理,提高低幅度构造的成像精度。 | 李卫忠 Saleh A. Al-Maghlouth Adnan Hasheme 唐文榜 王达远 | 2010 | 石油地球物理勘探2010，45，6： | 19 |
| 3 | 成人缺血性卒中早期处理指南显示文摘本指南旨在对成年急性缺血性卒中患者评价和治疗各要素的现有证据做一回顾。目标读者是那些为发病后48h内的卒中患者提供治疗的内科医生和其他急诊医疗保健人员。另外,也包括向医疗保健政策制定者提供的信息。方法:专家小组成员由美国心脏协会(AHA)卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会任命,他们代表了来自不同领域的专家。专家小组以2003年后发表的报道为重点,对相关文献进行回顾,采用AHA卒中委员会的证据水平分级标准对证据进行分级并做出推荐。本声明经专家小组认可后,再由AHA科学顾问和协调委员会进行同行评议和正式批准。本指南打算在3年内做全面更新。结果:对急性缺血性卒中患者的处理仍然是多方面的,包括尚未在临床试验中进行过验证的一些医疗诊治方面。本声明包括从急诊医疗服务人员开始接触患者到入院初期处理的推荐意见。静脉重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂仍然是已得到证实的最有效的卒中急诊治疗干预方法。包括动脉应用溶栓药和机械介入在内的一些方法显示出希望。因为许多推荐是在有限的证据基础上做出的,因此需要对急性缺血性卒中的治疗进行更多的研究。 | Harold P. Adams Gregory del Zoppo Mark J. Alberts Deepak L. Bhatt Lawrence Brass Anthony Furlan Robert L. Grubb Randall T. Higashida Edward C. Jauch Chelsea Kidwell Patrick D. Lyden Lewis B. Morgenstern Adnan I. Qureshi Robert H. Rosenwasser Phillip A. Scott Eelco F.M. Wijdicks 李焰生(译) 熊昕丽(译) 林岩(译) 沈沸(译) 俞羚(译) 邹静(译) 张静芳(译) 孙亚蒙(译) 周洁茹(译) 蒋仙国(译) 陈莺(译) | 2007 | 国际脑血管病杂志2007，15，6： | 18 |
| 4 | 急性缺血性卒中患者早期处理指南:美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会对医疗专业人员的指南显示文摘背景和目的作者提供了关于成年急性缺血性卒中患者评估和治疗方面的现有证据和处理推荐的一份概述。目标读者为涉及急性缺血性卒中患者发病48h内诊治的院前诊疗人员、医生、综合医疗保健人员和医院管理者。该指南将取代先前的2007年版指南及其2009年更新版。方法著述委员会成员由美国卒中协会卒中委员会的科学声明监督委员会指定,代表各个领域的医疗专家。在形成共识的整个过程中,严格遵循美国心脏协会的利益冲突原则。委员会成员被分配给与其专业领域相关的内容,对卒中文献进行回顾,重点为前一版指南发表之后的文献,然后按照美国心脏协会卒中委员会的证据强度分级方案起草推荐意见。结果本指南的目的是减少卒中相关的残疾和死亡。本指南支持卒中医疗体系的全局性概念以及从患者识别、急救医疗服务激活、转送和分诊到急诊室和卒中单元内最初数小时诊治的卒中诊治细节。本指南讨论了早期卒中评估和一般治疗、缺血性卒中治疗、特殊干预措施,如再灌注策略以及脑复苏的一般生理学干预原则。结论由于许多推荐意见基于有限的证据,还迫切需要对急性缺血性卒中的治疗做进一步的研究。 | Edward C. Jauch Jeffrey L. Saver Harold P. Adams Askiel Bruno J.J. (Buddy) Connors Bart M. Demaerschalk Pooja Khatri Paul W. McMullan Jr, Adnan I. Qureshi Kenneth Rosenfield Phillip A. Scott Debbie R. Summers David Z. Wang Max Wintermark Howard Yonas 李海峰(译) 岳耀先(译) 王琦(译) 张贤军(译) 丁晓君(译) | 2013 | 国际脑血管病杂志2013，21，7： | 17 |
| 5 | Comparative effectiveness of traditional chemoembolization with or without sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To compare the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) with associated adverse events (AE) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) + sorafenib vs TACE alone. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study we collected data on all consecutive patients with a diagnosis of unresectable HCC between 2007 and 2011 who had been treated with TACE + sorafenib or TACE alone. We hypothesized that the combination therapy is superior to TACE alone in improving the survival in these patients. Data extracted included patient's demographics, etiology of liver disease, histology of HCC, stage of liver disease with respect to model of end stage liverdisease score and Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) classification and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging for HCC. Computed tomography scan findings, alpha fetoprotein levels, number of treatments and related AE were also recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 43 patients who met inclusion criteria, 13 were treated with TACE + sorafenib and 30 with TACE alone. There was no significant difference in median survival: 20.6 mo (95%CI: 13.4-38.4) for the TACE + sorafenib and 18.3 mo (95%CI: 11.8-32.9) for the TACE alone (P = 0.72). There were also no statistically significant differences between groups in OS (HR = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.38-1.77; P = 0.61), PFS (HR = 0.93, 95%CI: 0.45-1.89; P = 0.83), and treatment-related toxicities (P = 0.554). CTP classification and BCLC staging for HCC were statistically significant (P = 0.001, P = 0.04 respectively) in predicting the survival in patients with HCC. The common AE observed were abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and mild elevation of liver enzymes. CONCLUSION: Combination therapy with TACE + sorafenib is safe and equally effective as TACE alone in patients with unresectable HCC. CTP classification and BCLC staging were the significant predictors of survival. Future trials with large number of patients are needed to further validate this observation. | Adnan Muhammad Manish Dhamija Gitanjali Vidyarthi Donald Amodeo William Boyd Branko Miladinovic Ambuj Kumar | 2013 | World Journal of Hepatology2013，5，7： | 16 |
| 6 | Acute kidney injury and post-reperfusion syndrome in liver transplantation显示文摘In the past decades liver transplantation(LT) has become the treatment of choice for patients with end stage liver disease(ESLD). The chronic shortage of cadaveric organs for transplantation led to the utilization of a greater number of marginal donors such as older donors or donors after circulatory death(DCD). The improved survival of transplanted patients has increased the frequency of long-term complications, in particular chronic kidney disease(CKD). Acute kidney injury(AKI) post-LT has been recently recognized as an important risk factor for the occurrence of denovo CKD in the long-term outcome. The onset of AKI post-LT is multifactorial, with pre-LT risk factors involved, including higher Model for End-stage Liver Disease score, more sever ESLD and pre-existing renal dysfunction, either with intra-operative conditions, in particular ischaemia reperfusion injury responsible for post-reperfusion syndrome(PRS) that can influence recipient's morbidity and mortality. Post-reperfusion syndrome-induced AKI is an important complication post-LT that characterizes kidney involvement caused by PRS with mechanisms not clearly understood and implication on graft and patient survival. Since preLT risk factors may influence intra-operative events responsible for PRS-induced AKI, we aim to consider all the relevant aspects involved in PRS-induced AKI in the setting of LT and to identify all studies that better clarified the specific mechanisms linking PRS and AKI. A Pub Med search was conducted using the terms liver transplantation AND acute kidney injury; liver transplantation AND post-reperfusion syndrome; acute kidney injury AND post-reperfusion syndrome; acute kidney injury AND DCD AND liver transplantation. Five hundred seventy four articles were retrieved on Pub Med search. Results were limited to title/abstract of English-language articles published between 2000 and 2015. Twenty-three studies were identified that specifically evaluated incidence, risk factors and outcome for patients developing PRS-induced AKI in liver transplantation. In order to identify intra-operative risk factors/mechanisms specifically involved in PRSinduced AKI, avoiding confounding factors, we have limited our study to 'acute kidney injury AND DCD AND liver transplantation'. Accordingly, three out of five studies were selected for our purpose. | Ilaria Umbro Francesca Tinti Irene Scalera Felicity Evison Bridget Gunson Adnan Sharif James Ferguson Paolo Muiesan Anna Paola Mitterhofer | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，42： | 16 |
| 7 | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver transplantation:Outcomes and advances显示文摘Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is one of the most prevalent causes of chronic liver disease worldwide.In the last decade it has become the third most common indication for liver transplantation in the United States.Increasing prevalence of NAFLD in the general population also poses a risk to organ donation,as allograft steatosis can be associated with non-function of the graft.Post-transplant survival is comparable between NAFLD and non-NAFLD causes of liver disease,although long term outcomes beyond 10 year are lacking.NAFLD can recur in the allograft frequently although thus far post transplant survival has not been impacted.De novo NAFLD can also occur in the allograft of patients transplanted for non-NAFLD liver disease.Predictors for NAFLD post-transplant recurrence include obesity,hyperlipidemia and diabetes as well as steroid dose after liver transplantation.A polymorphism in PNPLA3 that mediates triglyceride hydrolysis and is linked to pre-transplant risk of obesity and NAFLD has also been linked to post transplant NAFLD risk.Although immunosuppression side effects potentiate obesity and the metabolic syndrome,studies of immunosuppression modulation and trials of specific immunosuppression regimens post-transplant are lacking in this patient population.Based on pre-transplant data,sustained weight loss through diet and exercise is the most effective therapy for NAFLD.Other agents occasionally utilized in NAFLD prior to transplantation include vitamin E and insulin-sensitizing agents.Studies of these therapies are lacking in the post-transplant population.A multimodality and multidisciplinary approach to treatment should be utilized in management of post-transplant NAFLD. | Adnan Said | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，48： | 15 |
| 8 | A survey on trust based detection and isolation of malicious nodes in ad-hoc and sensor networks显示文摘 | Adnan AHMED Kamalrulnizam ABU BAKAR Muhammad Ibrahim CHANNA Khalid HASEEB Abdul Waheed KHAN | 2015 | Frontiers of Computer Science2015，9，2： | 15 |
| 9 | Antibiotic resistance and cagA gene correlation:A looming crisis of Helicobacter pylori显示文摘AIM:To determine antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) in Pakistan and its correlation with host and pathogen associated factors.METHODS:A total of 178 strains of H.pylori were isolated from gastric biopsies of dyspeptic patients.Susceptibility patterns against first and second-line antibiotics were determined and trends of resistance were analyzed in relation to the sampling period,gastric conditions and cagA gene carriage.The effect of cagA gene on the acquisition of resistance was investigated by mutant selection assay.RESULTS:The observations showed that monoresistant strains were prevalent with rates of 89% for metronidazole,36% for clarithromycin,37% for amoxicillin,18.5% for ofloxacin and 12% for tetracycline.Furthermore,clarithromycin resistance was on the rise from 2005 to 2008(32% vs 38%,P = 0.004) and it is significantly observed in non ulcerative dyspeptic patients compared to gastritis,gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer cases(53% vs 20%,18% and 19%,P = 0.000).On the contrary,metronidazole and ofloxacin resistance were more common in gastritis and gastric ulcer cases.Distribution analysis and frequencies of resistant mutants in vitro correlated with the absence of cagA gene with metronidazole and ofloxacin resistance.CONCLUSION:The study confirms the alarming levels of antibiotic resistance associated with the degree of gastric inflammation and cagA gene carriage in H.pylori strains. | Adnan Khan Amber Farooqui Hamid Manzoor Syed Shakeel Akhtar Muhammad Saeed Quraishy Shahana Urooj Kazmi | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，18： | 15 |
| 10 | Drug resistance mechanisms and novel drug targets for tuberculosis therapy显示文摘Drug-resistant tuberculosis(TB) poses a significant challenge to the successful treatment and control of TB worldwide.Resistance to anti-TB drugs has existed since the beginning of the chemotherapy era.New insights into the resistant mechanisms of anti-TB drugs have been provided.Better understanding of drug resistance mechanisms helps in the development of new tools for the rapid diagnosis of drugresistant TB.There is also a pressing need in the development of new drugs with novel targets to improve the current treatment of TB and to prevent the emergence of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.This review summarizes the anti-TB drug resistance mechanisms,furnishes some possible novel drug targets in the development of new agents for TB therapy and discusses the usefulness using known targets to develop new anti-TB drugs.Whole genome sequencing is currently an advanced technology to uncover drug resistance mechanisms in M.tuberculosis.However,further research is required to unravel the significance of some newly discovered gene mutations in their contribution to drug resistance. | Md Mahmudul Islam H.M. Adnan Hameed Julius Mugweru Chiranjibi Chhotaray Changwei Wang Yaoju Tan Jianxiong Liu Xinjie Li Shouyong Tan Iwao Ojima Wing Wai Yew Eric Nuermberger Gyanu Lamichhane Tianyu Zhang | 2017 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2017，44，1： | 15 |
| 11 | Epidemic of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) associated hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) incidence is increasing worldwide, paralleling the obesity epidemic. Although most cases are associated with cirrhosis, HCC can occur without cirrhosis in NAFLD. Diabetes and obesity are associated risk factors for HCC in patients. Given the sheer magnitude of the underlying risk factors(diabetes, obesity, non-cirrhotic NAFLD) screening for HCC in the non-cirrhotic population is not recommended. Optimal screening strategies in NAFLD cirrhosis are not completely elucidated with Ultrasound having significant limitations in detection of liver lesions in the presence of obesity and steatosis. Consequently NAFLD-HCC is more often diagnosed at a later stage with larger tumors and reduced opportunities for curative treatments as opposed to HCC in other causes of cirrhosis. When HCC is found at a curative stage treatments including liver transplantation, resection and loco-regional therapies are associated with good results similar to that seen in HCV-HCC. Future strategies under study include the use of chemopreventive and antioxidant agents to reduce development of cirrhosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH). Strategies to reverse NASH via weight loss, control of associated conditions like diabetes are key strategies in reducing the increasing incidence of NASH-HCC. Novel therapeutic agents for NASH are in trials and if successful in achieving reversal of NASH will be an important strategy in reducing NAFLD-HCC. | Adnan Said Aiman Ghufran | 2017 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2017，8，6： | 13 |
| 12 | Multi-modality imaging review of congenital abnormalities of kidney and upper urinary tract显示文摘Congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract(CAKUT) include a wide range of abnormalities ranging from asymptomatic ectopic kidneys to life threatening renal agenesis(bilateral). Many of them are detected in the antenatal or immediate postnatal with a significant proportion identified in the adult population with varying degree of severity. CAKUT can be classified on embryological basis in to abnormalities in the renal parenchymal development, aberrant embryonic migration and abnormalities of the collecting system. Renal parenchymal abnormalities include multi cystic dysplastic kidneys, renal hypoplasia, number(agenesis or supernumerary), shape and cystic renal diseases. Aberrant embryonic migration encompasses abnormal location and fusion anomalies. Collecting system abnormalities include duplex kidneys and Pelvi ureteric junction obstruction. Ultrasonography(US) is typically the first imaging performed as it is easily available, noninvasive and radiation free used both antenatally and postnatally. Computed tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) are useful to confirm the ultrasound detected abnormality, detection of complex malformations, demonstration of collecting system and vascular anatomy and more importantly for early detection of complications like renal calculi, infection and malignancies. As CAKUT are one of the leading causes of end stage renal disease, it is important for the radiologists to be familiar with the varying imaging appearances of CAKUT on US, CT and MRI, thereby helping in prompt diagnosis and optimal management. | Subramaniyan Ramanathan Devendra Kumar Maneesh Khanna Mahmoud Al Heidous Adnan Sheikh Vivek Virmani Yegu Palaniappan | 2016 | World Journal of Radiology2016，8，2： | 13 |
| 13 | Role of small bowel capsule endoscopy in the diagnosis and management of iron deficiency anemia in elderly: A comprehensive review of the current literature显示文摘Iron deficiency anemia(IDA)is common and often under recognized problem in the elderly.It may be the result of multiple factors including a bleeding lesion in the gastrointestinal tract.Twenty percent of elderly patients with IDA have a negative upper and lower endoscopy and two-thirds of these have a lesion in the small bowel(SB).Capsule endoscopy(CE)provides direct visualization of entire SB mucosa,which was not possible before.It is superior to push enteroscopy,enteroclysis and barium radiography for diagnosing clinically significant SB pathology resulting in IDA.Angioectasia is one of the commonest lesions seen on the CE in elderly with IDA.The diagnostic yield of CE for IDA progressively increases with advancing age,and is highest among patients over 85 years of age.Balloon assisted enteroscopy is used to treat the lesions seen on CE.CE has some limitations mainly lack of therapeutic capability,inability to provide precise location of the lesion and false positive results.Overall CE is a very safe and effective procedure for the evaluation of IDA in elderly. | Adnan Muhammad Gitanjali Vidyarthi Patrick Brady | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，26： | 11 |
| 14 | Thymosin alpha 1:A comprehensive review of the literature显示文摘Thymosin alpha 1 is a peptide naturally occurring in the thymus that has long been recognized for modifying,enhancing,and restoring immune function.Thymosin alpha 1 has been utilized in the treatment of immunocompromised states and malignancies,as an enhancer of vaccine response,and as a means of curbing morbidity and mortality in sepsis and numerous infections.Studies have postulated that thymosin alpha 1 could help improve the outcome in severely ill corona virus disease 2019 patients by repairing damage caused by overactivation of lymphocytic immunity and how thymosin alpha 1 could prevent the excessive activation of T cells.In this review,we discuss key literature on the background knowledge and current clinical uses of thymosin alpha 1.Considering the known biochemical properties including antibacterial and antiviral properties,timehonored applications,and the new promising findings regarding the use of thymosin,we believe that thymosin alpha 1 deserves further investigation into its antiviral properties and possible repurposing as a treatment against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. | Asimina Dominari Donald Hathaway III Krunal Pandav Wanessa Matos Sharmi Biswas Gowry Reddy Sindhu Thevuthasan Muhammad Adnan Khan Anoopa Mathew Sarabjot Singh Makkar Madiha Zaidi Michael Maher Mourad Fahem Renato Beas Valeria Castaneda Trissa Paul John Halpern Diana Baralt | 2020 | World Journal of Virology2020，9，5： | 11 |
| 15 | Carbon stocks of different land uses in the Kumrat valley, Hindu Kush Region of Pakistan显示文摘Changes in land use cover, particularly from forest to agriculture, is a major contributing factor in increasing carbon dioxide(CO2) level in the atmosphere.Using satellite images of 1999 and 2011, land use and land use changes in the Kumrat valley KPK, Pakistan, were determined: a net decrease of 11.56 and 7.46 % occurred in forest and rangeland, while 100 % increase occurred in agriculture land(AL). Biomass in different land uses,forest land(FL), AL, and range land(RL) was determined by field inventory. From the biomass data, the amount of carbon was calculated, considering 50 % of the biomass as carbon. Soil carbon was also determined to a depth of 0–15and 16–30 cm. The average carbon stocks(C stocks) in all land uses ranged from 28.62 ± 13.8 t ha-1in AL to486.6 ± 32.4 t ha-1in pure Cedrus deodara forest. The results of the study confirmed that forest soil and vegetation stored the maximum amount of carbon followed by RL. Conversion of FL and RL to AL not only leads to total loss of about 56 %(from FL conversion) and 37 %(RL conversion) of soil carbon in the last decades but also the loss of a valuable carbon sink. In order to meet the emissions reduction obligations of the Kyoto Protocol, Conservation of forest and RL in the mountainous regions of the Hindu Kush will help Pakistan to meet its emissions reduction goals under the Kyoto Protocol. | Adnan Ahmad Syed Moazzam Nizami | 2015 | Journal of Forestry Research2015，26，1： | 8 |
| 16 | 颅外段颈动脉疾病筛查指南——美国神经影像学学会多学科实践指南委员会向医疗卫生专业人员的声明:血管和介入神经病学学会共同倡议显示文摘这份新声明旨在普通人群和经过选择的患者亚群中针对无症状颈动脉狭窄的筛查提供全面和及时的循证推荐。这些推荐针对下列群体:普通人群中的高危者;接受心脏直视手术(包括冠状动脉旁路术)的患者;外周血管病、腹主动脉瘤和。肾动脉狭窄患者;头颈部恶性肿瘤放射治疗后患者;颈动脉内膜切除术或支架置入术后患者;视网膜缺血综合征患者;晕厥、头昏、眩晕或耳鸣患者;有血管病家族史和高同型半胱氨酸血症的患者。这些推荐是在患病率、预期益处和在经过选择的人群中来自其他专业组织的当前指南基础上做出的。 | Adnan Ⅰ. Qureshi Andrei V. Alexandrov Charles H. Tegeler Robert W. Hobson Ⅱ J. Dennis Baker L. Nelson Hopkins 陈红兵(译) 刘新峰(译) | 2007 | 国际脑血管病杂志2007，15，4： | 8 |
| 17 | 岩石蠕变模型的比较和修正显示文摘对三种岩石在不同的应力下进行了蠕变实验,对蠕变实验曲线用粘弹模型进行了模型参数的反演,结果认为标准线性体、伯格斯和对数模型都是实验曲线的很好近似。为了进一步了解蠕变实验时间对模型参数的影响,研究了蠕变模型的预测功能。将实验蠕变曲线分成二部分,第一部分用于模型参数的反演,第二部分用于模型预测数据的检验。时间外延所得的模型的预测曲线都明显偏离了实测曲线,伯格斯和对数模型的预测曲线比实测曲线偏高,而标准线性体模型则偏低。根据不同时间的蠕变实验数据的比较和分析,认为实验时间对蠕变模型参数的反演有较为明显的影响,但只要对标准线性体模型作适当修正,引入与时间尺度有关的函数C(t),则该模型的预测能力就有较大的提高。 | 李成波 Adnan Aydin 施行觉 王行舟 | 2008 | 实验力学2008，23，1： | 8 |
| 18 | TiO2 nanoparticles prepared by sol-gel显示文摘 | Adnan Saleh Fadhil Abd Rasin Majida Ali Ameen | 2009 | 材料科学与工程(中英文版)2009，3，12： | 8 |
| 19 | Usefulness of hounsfield unit and density in the assessment and treatment of urinary stones显示文摘Computed tomography(CT) is widely used to examine stones in the urinary system.In addition to the size and location of the stone and the overall health of the kidney,CT can also assess the density of the stone in Hounsfield units(HU).The HU,or Hounsfield density,measured by CT,is related to the density of the tissue or stone.A number of studies have assessed the use of HU in urology.HUs have been used to predict the type and opacity of stones during diagnosis,and the efficacy has been assessed using methods including extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL),percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL),ureterorenoscopic ureterolithotripsy(URSL),and medical expulsive treatment(MET).Previous studies have focused on the success rate of HU for predicting the type of stone and of ESWL treatment.Understanding the composition of the stone plays a key role in determining the most appropriate treatment modality.The most recent reports have suggested that the HU value and its variants facilitate prediction of stone composition.However,the inclusion of data regarding urine,such as pH and presence of crystals,increases the predictive accuracy.HUs,which now form part of the clinical guidelines,allow us to predict the success of ESWL; therefore,they should be takeninto account when ESWL is considered as a treatment option.However,there are currently insufficient data available regarding the value of HU for assessing the efficacy of PCNL,URSL,and MET.Studies performed to date suggest that these values would make a significant contribution to the diagnosis and treatment of urinary system stones.However,more data are required to assess this further. | Adnan Gücük Ugur üyetürk | 2014 | World Journal of Nephrology2014，3，4： | 7 |
| 20 | 经外周静脉穿刺中心静脉置管管末端影像学定位标志及个体相关因素分析显示文摘目的 :评估不同人群经外周静脉穿刺中心静脉置管(PICC)管末端位置的解剖定位及影响因素,提高置管的准确性。方法:回顾性分析100例PICC置入患者的胸部CT资料,分别测量并记录上腔静脉-右心房连接点(CAJ)与右锁骨胸骨端、气管隆突的垂直距离(分别为A1、A2值)及其与胸椎椎体高度的比值(V1、V2),分析性别、年龄、身高和BMI等个体因素对上述各值的影响。结果:A1为(94.93±20.33)mm,V1为4.10±0.78。A2为(38.71±14.9)mm,V1为4.10±0.78,V2为1.70±0.60;性别间A1、A2差异有统计学意义,年龄、身高对A1有显著影响,BMI对A1、A2值无显著影响,V1仅受年龄影响,而V2不受性别、年龄、身高、BMI等因素影响。结论:气管隆突可作为CAJ定位的可靠解剖标志,气管隆突下1.7个胸椎椎体位置为PICC管末端的合理位置。 | 包婕 Syed Adnan Syed Mussaddique 汪玲 郝光宇 胡春洪 | 2016 | 中国中西医结合影像学杂志2016，14，6： | 7 |
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