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| 1 | Comparison of perceived pain and patients’ satisfaction with traditional local anesthesia and single tooth anesthesia: A randomized clinical trial显示文摘BACKGROUND Contemporary innovations in the area of local anesthesia have attempted to provide an absolutely pain free experience for patients.Since the introduction of Computer-Controlled Local Anesthetic Delivery Systems to dentistry,many studies have compared its efficacy and safety to conventional anesthesia.However,very few studies have compared single tooth anesthesia(STA)and traditional local anesthesia.AIM To compare pain rating,changes in blood pressure,and heart rate during the local anesthetic injection.The secondary objectives were to measure the patients’level of satisfaction and the differences in anesthetic efficiency between the STA system and traditional local infiltration.METHODS A randomized controlled trial was conducted and a total of 80 patients with dental restorative needs were enrolled for the study.The patients were evaluated for their general physical status and oral clinical findings before enrollment.Information regarding perceived pain,changes in heart rate and blood pressure,and patients’satisfaction was collected using an electronic data form and was analyzed using paired and unpaired t-tests.RESULTS No significant difference was noted in perceived pain(P=0.59)and systolic blood pressure(P=0.09)during anesthetic injection using both traditional and STA techniques.STA patients had a significantly higher heart rate during anesthesia,although a statistically significant difference was noted among the traditional anesthesia and the STA groups even before anesthesia.During the restorative procedure,less pain was perceived by STA patients on the Wong-Baker FACES pain scale,which was statistically significant(P<0.001).Analyses of post-procedure patient responses showed that STA patients had a significantly better treatment experience and preferred to have the same method of injection in the future(P=0.04).CONCLUSION STA system can provide less painful and more comfortable restorative treatment procedures in comparison to the traditional infiltration technique. | Mohammad I Al-Obaida Mehdiya Haider Rawan Hashim Wafa AlGheriri Sree Lalita Celur Samar A Al-Saleh Ebtissam M Al-Madi | 2019 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2019，7，19： | 8 |
| 2 | Impact of community-based interventions on HIV knowledge, attitudes, and transmission显示文摘In 2012,an estimated 35.3 million people lived with HIV,while approximately two million new HIV infections were reported.Community-based interventions(CBIs)for the prevention and control of HIV allow increased access and ease availability of medical care to population at risk,or already infected with,HIV.This paper evaluates the impact of CBIs on HIV knowledge,attitudes,and transmission.We included 39 studies on educational activities,counseling sessions,home visits,mentoring,women’s groups,peer leadership,and street outreach activities in community settings that aimed to increase awareness on HIV/AIDS risk factors and ensure treatment adherence.Our review findings suggest that CBIs to increase HIV awareness and risk reduction are effective in improving knowledge,attitudes,and practice outcomes as evidenced by the increased knowledge scores for HIV/AIDS(SMD:0.66,95%CI:0.25,1.07),protected sexual encounters(RR:1.19,95%CI:1.13,1.25),condom use(SMD:0.96,95%CI:0.03,1.58),and decreased frequency of sexual intercourse(RR:0.76,95%CI:0.61,0.96).Analysis shows that CBIs did not have any significant impact on scores for self-efficacy and communication.We found very limited evidence on community-based management for HIV infected population and prevention of mother-to-child transmission(MTCT)for HIV-infected pregnant women.Qualitative synthesis suggests that establishment of community support at the onset of HIV prevention programs leads to community acceptance and engagement.School-based delivery of HIV prevention education and contraceptive distribution have also been advocated as potential strategies to target high-risk youth group.Future studies should focus on evaluating the effectiveness of community delivery platforms for prevention of MTCT,and various emerging models of care to improve morbidity and mortality outcomes. | Rehana A Salam Sarah Haroon Hashim H Ahmed Jai K Das Zulfiqar A Bhutta | 2014 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2014，3，1： | 3 |
| 3 | Improving the release characteristics of water-soluble drugs from hydrophilic sustained release matrices by in situ gas generation显示文摘 | Hashim H Li Wan Po A | 1987 | Int J Pharm1987，35，： | 1 |
| 4 | A novel ammonium based eutectic solvent for the treatment of free fatty acid and synthesis of biodiesel fuel 显示文摘 | HAYYAN A HASHIM M A HAYYAN M | 2013 | Ind Crops Prod2013，46，： | 1 |
| 5 | Linear and nonlinear double-diffusive convection in a saturated anisotropic porous layer with Soret effect and internal heat source显示文摘 | ALTAWALLBEHA A A BHADAURIAB B S HASHIM 1 | 2013 | International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer2013，59，： | 1 |
| 6 | Characterization of digestive enzymes in carnivorous ornamental fish,the Asian bony tongue Scleropages formosus(Osteoglossidae)显示文摘 | Natalia Y Hashim R Ali A | 2004 | Aquaculture2004，233，26： | 1 |
| 7 | Host cell tropism underlies species restriction of human and bovine Cryptosporidium parvum genotypes显示文摘 | Hashim A Clyne M Mulcahy G | 2004 | Infect Immun2004，72，10： | 1 |
| 8 | Oxygen separation from air using ceramic-based membrane technology for sustainable fuel production and power generation 显示文摘 | Hashim S S Mohamed A R Bhatia S | 2011 | Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews2011，15，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Traffic light control system for emergency vehicles using radio frequency显示文摘 | Hashim N M Z Jaafar A S Ali N A | 2013 | IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN)2013，3，7： | 1 |
| 10 | Identifying areas of high economicpotential copper mineralization using ASTER data in the Urumieh-Dokhtar Volcanic Belt,Iran显示文摘 | POUR A B HASHIM M | 2012 | Advances in Space Research2012，49，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Parental mad household smok- ing and the increased risk of bronchitis, bronchiolitis and other lower respiratory infections in infancy: systematic review and meta-analysis 显示文摘 | Jones EL Hashim A Mckeever T | 2011 | Respir Res2011，12，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Biosorption of cadmium by brown,green,and ted seaweeds显示文摘 | Hashim M A Chu K H | 2004 | Chemical Engineering Journal2004，97，： | 1 |
| 13 | A novel technique for separating glycerine from palm oil - based biodiesel using ionic liquids 显示文摘 | HAYYAN A MJALLI F S HASHIM M A | 2010 | Fuel Process Technol2010，91，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Letrozole versus combined metformin and clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in clomiphene-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome : a randomized controlled trial 显示文摘 | Abu Hashim H Shokeir T Badawy A | 2010 | Fertil Steril2010，94，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Using deep eutectic solvents for the removal of glycerol from palm oil - based biodiesel 显示文摘 | SHAHBAZ K MJALLI F S HASHIM M A | 2010 | J Appl Sci2010，10，24： | 1 |
| 16 | Role of drivers' personal characteristics in understanding traffic sign symbols显示文摘 | HASHIM A M ABDUL R | | 0，，34： | 1 |
| 17 | Blends of brominated EPDM and NR显示文摘 | Yoon J R Hashim A S Kawabata N | 1996 | Rubber World1996，213，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Effect of heat treatment on the drilling performance of aluminium/SiC MMC 显示文摘 | Barnes S Pashby I R Hashim A B | 1999 | Applied Composite Materials1999，6，： | 1 |
| 19 | Identifying areas of high economic-po- tential copper mineralization using ASTER data in the Uru mieh-Dokhtar Volcanic Belt, Iran显示文摘 | Pour A B Hashim M | 2012 | Advances in Space Re- search2012，49，： | 1 |
| 20 | Barrier integrity of punctured gloves:NR superior to vinyl and nitrile显示文摘 | HASHIM H OTHMAN A B | 2003 | Journal of Natural Rubber Research2003，6，4： | 1 |
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