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| 1 | Different strategies of treatment for uterine cervical carcinoma stage ⅠB2-ⅡB显示文摘Uterine cervical cancer is the second most common gynecological malignancy. It is estimated that over 35% of tumors are diagnosed at locally advanced disease, stage ⅠB2-ⅡB with an estimated 5-year overall survival of 60%. During the last decades, the initial treatment for these women has been debated and largely varies through different countries. Thus, radical concurrent chemoradiation is the standard of care in United Sated and Canada, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical surgery is the first line of treatment in some institutions of Europe, Asia and Latin America. Until today, there is no evidence of which strategy is better over the other. This article describe the evidence as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the main strategies of treatment for women affected by uterine cervical cancer stage ⅠB2-ⅡB. | Lucas Minig María Guadalupe Patrono Nuria Romero Juan Francisco Rodríguez Moreno Jesús Garcia-Donas | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，2： | 46 |
| 2 | Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque and stomach of patients from Northern Brazil显示文摘AIM: To establish whether virulence factor genes vacA and cagA are present in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) retrieved from gastric mucosa and dental plaque in pa-tients with dyspepsia. METHODS: Cumulative dental plaque specimens and gastric biopsies were submitted to histological exami-nation, rapid urease test and polymerase chain reac-tion (PCR) assays to detect the presence of cagA and vacA polymorphisms.RESULTS: Detection of H. pylori from dental plaque and gastric biopsy samples was greater by PCR com-pared to histological examination and the rapid ure-ase test. DNA from H. pylori was detected in 96% of gastric mucosa samples and in 72% of dental plaque samples. Sixty-three (89%) of 71 dental plaque sam-ples that were H. pylori-positive also exhibited identical vacA and cagA genotypes in gastric mucosa. The most common genotype was vacAs1bm1 and cagA positive, either in dental plaque or gastric mucosa. These viru-lent H. pylori isolates were involved in the severity of clinical outcome.CONCLUSION: These pathogenic strains were found simultaneously in dental plaque and gastric mucosa, which suggests that gastric infection is correlated with the presence of H. pylori in the mouth. | Mnica Baraúna Assumpo Luisa Caricio Martins Hivana Patricia Melo Barbosa Katarine Antonia dos Santos Barile Sintia Silva de Almeida Paulo Pimentel Assumpo Tereza Cristina de Oliveira Corvelo | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，24： | 29 |
| 3 | An overview of animal models for investigating the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies in acute hepatic failure显示文摘Acute hepatic failure (AHF) is a severe liver injury accompanied by hepatic encephalopathy which causes multiorgan failure with an extremely high mortality rate, even if intensive care is provided. Management of severe AHF continues to be one of the most challenging problems in clinical medicine. Liver transplantation has been shown to be the most effective therapy, but the procedure is limited by shortage of donor organs. Although a number of clinical trials testing different liver assist devices are under way, these systems alone have no significant effect on patient survival and are only regarded as a useful approach to bridge patients with AHF to liver transplantation. As a result, reproducible experimental animal models resembling the clinical conditions are still needed. The three main approaches used to create an animal model for AHF are: surgical procedures, toxic liver injury and infective procedures. Most common models are based on surgical techniques (total/partial hepatectomy, complete/transient devascularization) or the use of hepatotoxic drugs (acetaminophen, galactosamine, thioacetamide, and others), and very few satisfactory viral models are available. We have recently developed a viral model of AHF by means of the inoculation of rabbits with the virus of rabbit hemorrhagic disease. This model displays biochemical and histological characteristics, and clinical features that resemble those in human AHF. In the present article an overview is given of the most widely used animal models of AHF, and their main advantages and disadvantages are reviewed. | María Jesús Tuón Marcelino Alvarez Jesús M Culebras Javier González-Gallego | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，25： | 29 |
| 4 | Risk factors associated with the development of ischemic colitis显示文摘AIM:To ascertain the role of cardiovascular risk factors,cardiovascular diseases,standard treatments and other diseases in the development of ischemic colitis(IC).METHODS:A retrospective,case-control study was designed,using matched data and covering 161 incident cases of IC who required admission to our hospital from 1998 through 2003.IC was diagnosed on the basis of endoscopic findings and diagnostic or compatible his-tology.Controls were randomly chosen from a cohort of patients who were admitted in the same period and required a colonoscopy,excluding those with diagnosis of colitis.Cases were matched with controls(ratio 1:2),by age and sex.A conditional logistic regression was performed.RESULTS:A total of 483 patients(161 cases,322 con-trols)were included;mean age 75.67±10.03 years,55.9%women.The principal indications for colonos-copy in the control group were lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage(35.4%),anemia(33.9%),abdominal pain(19.9%)and diarrhea(9.6%).The endoscopic findings in this group were hemorrhoids(25.5%),diverticular disease(30.4%),polyps(19.9%)and colorectal cancer(10.2%).The following variables were associated with IC in the univariate analysis:arterial hypertension(P= 0.033);dyslipidemia(P<0.001);diabetes mellitus(P =0.025);peripheral arterial disease(P=0.004);heart failure(P=0.026);treatment with hypotensive drugs(P=0.023);angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors;(P=0.018);calcium channel antagonists(P=0.028);and acetylsalicylic acid(ASA)(P<0.001).Finally,the following variables were independently associated with the development of IC:diabetes mellitus[odds ratio(OR)1.76,95%confidence interval(CI):1.001-3.077,P=0.046];dyslipidemia(OR 2.12,95%CI:1.26-3.57,P=0.004);heart failure(OR 3.17,95%CI:1.31-7.68,P=0.01);peripheral arterial disease(OR 4.1,95%CI:1.32-12.72,P=0.015);treatment with digoxin(digitalis)(OR 0.27,95%CI:0.084-0.857,P=0.026);and ASA(OR 1.97,95%CI:1.16-3.36,P=0.012).CONCLUSION:The development of an episode of IC was independently associated with diabetes,dyslipid-emia,presence of heart failure,peripheral arterial dis-ease and treatment with digoxin or ASA. | Joaquín Cubiella Fernández Luisa Núez Calvo Elvira González Vázquez Maria Jesús García García Maria Teresa Alves Pérez Isabel Martínez Silva Javier Fernández Seara | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，36： | 27 |
| 5 | Boron in Plants: Deficiency and Toxicity显示文摘Boron (B) is an essential nutrient for normal growth of higher plants, and B availability in soil and irrigation water is an important determinant of agricultural production. To date, a primordial function of B is undoubtedly its structural role in the cell wall; however, there is increasing evidence for a possible role of B in other processes such as the maintenance of plasma membrane function and several metabolic pathways. In recent years, the knowledge of the molecular basis of B deficiency and toxicity responses in plants has advanced greatly. The aim of this review is to provide an update on recent findings related to these topics, which can contribute to a better understanding of the role of B in plants. | Juan J. Camacho-Cristóbal Jesús Rexach Agustín Gonzlez-Fontes | 2008 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2008，50，10： | 25 |
| 6 | Laparoscopic liver resection:Experience based guidelines显示文摘Laparoscopic liver resection(LLR) has been progressively developed along the past two decades. Despite initial skepticism, improved operative results made laparoscopic approach incorporated to surgical practice and operations increased in frequency and complexity. Evidence supporting LLR comes from case-series, comparative studies and meta-analysis. Despite lack of level 1 evidence, the body of literature is stronger and existing data confirms the safety, feasibility and benefits of laparoscopic approach when compared to open resection. Indications for LLR do not differ from those for open surgery. They include benign and malignant(both primary and metastatic) tumors and living donor liver harvesting. Currently, resection of lesions located on anterolateral segments and left lateral sectionectomy are performed systematically by laparoscopy in hepatobiliary specialized centers. Resection of lesions located on posterosuperior segments(1, 4a, 7, 8) and major liver resections were shown to be feasible but remain technically demanding procedures, which should be reserved to experienced surgeons. Hand-assisted and laparoscopy-assisted procedures appeared to increase the indications of minimally invasive liver surgery and are useful strategies applied to difficult and major resections. LLR proved to be safe for malignant lesions and offers some short-term advantages over open resection. Oncological results including resection margin status and long-term survival were not inferior to open resection. At present, surgical community expects high quality studies to base the already perceived better outcomes achieved by laparoscopy in major centers' practice. Continuous surgical training, as well as new technologies should augment the application of lap-aroscopic liver surgery. Future applicability of new technologies such as robot assistance and image-guided surgery is still under investigation. | fabricio ferreira coelho jaime arthur pirola kruger gilton marques fonseca raphael leonardo cunha araújo vagner birk jeismann marcos vinícius perini renato micelli lupinacci ivan cecconello paulo herman | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2016，8，1： | 22 |
| 7 | Clinical value of rapid urine trypsinogen-2 test strip, urinary trypsinogen activation peptide, and serum and urinary activation peptide of carboxypeptidase B in acute pancreatitis显示文摘AIM: To assess the usefulness of urinary trypsinogen-2 test strip, urinary trypsinogen activation peptide (TAP),and serum and urine concentrations of the activation peptide of carboxypeptidase B (CAPAP) in the diagnosisof acute pancreatitis.METHODS: Patients with acute abdominal pain and hospitalized within 24 h after the onset of symptoms were prospectively studied. Urinary trypsinogen-2 was considered positive when a clear blue line was observed (detection limit 50 μg/L). Urinary TAP was measured using a quantitative solid-phase ELISA, and serum and urinary CAPAP by a radioimmunoassay method.RESULTS: Acute abdominal pain was due to acute pancreatitis in 50 patients and turned out to be extrapancreatic in origin in 22 patients. Patients with acute pancreatitis showed significantly higher median levels of serum and urinary CAPAP levels, as well as amylase and lipase than extrapancreatic controls. Median TAP levels were similar in both groups. The urinary trypsinogen-2 test strip was positive in 68% of patients with acute pancreatitis and 13.6% in extrapancreatic controls (P<0.01). Urinary CAPAP was the most reliable test for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis (sensitivity 66.7%, specificity 95.5%, positive and negative predictive values 96.6% and 56.7%, respectively), with a 14.6 positive likelihood ratio for a cut-off value of 2.32 nmol/L.CONCLUSION: In patients with acute abdominal pain,hospitalized within 24 h of symptom onset, CAPAP in serum and urine was a reliable diagnostic marker of acute pancreatitis. Urinary trypsinogen-2 test strip showed a clinical value similar to amylase and lipase.Urinary TAP was not a useful screening test for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. | Jesús Sáez Juan Martínez Celia Trigo José Sánchez-Payá Luis Compay Raquel Laveda Pilar Grió Cristina García Miguel Pérez-Mateo | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，46： | 21 |
| 8 | Role of IL-10 and TGF-β1 in local immunosuppression in HPV-associated cervical neoplasia显示文摘Cervical cancer is a worldwide disease that constitutes a significant public health problem, especially in developing countries, not only due to its high incidence but also because the most affected population comprises women who belong to marginalized socio-economic classes. Clinical and molecular research has identified immunological impairment in squamous intraepithelial cervical lesions and cervical cancer patients. Human Papillomavirus(HPV) has several mechanisms for avoiding the immune system: it down-regulates the expression of interferon and upregulates interleukin(IL)-10and transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1 to produce a local immunosuppressive environment, which, along with altered tumor surface antigens, forms an immunosuppressive network that inhibits the antitumor immune response. In this review we analyzed the available data on several deregulated cellular immune functions in patients with NIC Ⅰ, NIC Ⅱ and NIC Ⅲ and cervical cancer. The effects of immunosuppressive cytokines on innate immune response, T-cell activation and cellular factors that promote tumor cell proliferation in cervical cancer patients are summarized. We discuss the functional consequences of HPV E2, E6, and E7 protein interactions with IL-10 and TGF-β1 promoters in the induction of these cytokines and postulate its effect on the cellular immune response in squamous intraepithelial cervical lesions and cervical cancer patients. This review provides a comprehensive picture of the immunological functions of IL-10 and TGF-β1 in response to HPV in humans. | Kirvis Torres-Poveda Margarita Bahena-Román Claudia Madrid-González Ana I Burguete-García Víctor Hugo Bermúdez-Morales Oscar Peralta-Zaragoza Vicente Madrid-Marina | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，4： | 21 |
| 9 | Assessment of drug-induced hepatotoxicity in clinical practice: A challenge for gastroenterologists显示文摘Currently, pharmaceutical preparations are serious contributors to liver disease; hepatotoxicity ranking as the most frequent cause for acute liver failure and post-commercialization regulatory decisions. The diagnosis of hepatotoxicity remains a difficult task because of the lack of reliable markers for use in general clinical practice. To incriminate any given drug in an episode of liver dysfunction is a step-by-step process that requires a high degree of suspicion, compatible chronology, awareness of the drug’s hepatotoxic potential, the exclusion of alternative causes of liver damage and the ability to detect the presence of subtle data that favors a toxic etiology. This process is time-consuming and the final result is frequently inaccurate. Diagnostic algorithms may add consistency to the diagnostic process by translating the suspicion into a quantitative score. Such scales are useful since they provide a framework that emphasizes the features that merit attention in cases of suspected hepatic adverse reaction as well. Current efforts in collecting bona fide cases of drug-induced hepatotoxicity will make refinements of existing scales feasible. It is now relatively easy to accommodate relevant data within the scoring system and to delete low-impact items. Efforts should also be directed toward the development of an abridged instrument for use in evaluating suspected drug-induced hepatotoxicity at the very beginning of the diagnosis and treatment process when clinical decisions need to be made. The instrument chosen would enable a confident diagnosis to be made on admission of the patient and treatment to be fine-tuned as further information is collected. | Raúl J Andrade Mercedes Robles Alejandra Fernández-Castaer Susana López-Ortega M Carmen López-Vega M Isabel Lucena | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，3： | 18 |
| 10 | Endurance exercise and gut microbiota:A review显示文摘Background: The physiological and biochemical demands of intense exercise elicit both muscle-based and systemic responses. The main adaptations to endurance exercise include the correction of electrolyte imbalance, a decrease in glycogen storage and the increase of oxidative stress, intestinal permeability, muscle damage, and systemic inflammatory response. Adaptations to exercise might be influenced by the gut microbiota, which plays an important role in the production, storage, and expenditure of energy obtained from the diet as well as in inflammation,redox reactions, and hydration status.Methods: A systematic and comprehensive search of electronic databases, including MEDLINE, Scopus, Clinical Trials.gov, Science Direct,Springer Link, and EMBASE was done. The search process was completed using the keywords: 'endurance', 'exercise', 'immune response','microbiota', 'nutrition', and 'probiotics'.Results: Reviewed literature supports the hypothesis that intestinal microbiota might be able to provide a measureable, effective marker of an athlete's immune function and that microbial composition analysis might also be sensitive enough to detect exercise-induced stress and metabolic disorders. The review also supports the hypothesis that modifying the microbiota through the use of probiotics could be an important therapeutic tool to improve athletes' overall general health, performance, and energy availability while controlling inflammation and redox levels.Conclusion: The present review provides a comprehensive overview of how gut microbiota may have a key role in controlling the oxidative stress and inflammatory responses as well as improving metabolism and energy expenditure during intense exercise. | Núria Mach Dolors Fuster-Botella | 2017 | Journal of Sport and Health Science2017，6，2： | 18 |
| 11 | 桃品种特异性荧光SSR分子标记数据库构建显示文摘【目的】选择通用的荧光SSR分子标记建立桃种质资源基因型数据库便于进行种质特异性鉴定、资源交换、管理和利用。【方法】根据48个SSR标记对国内外669份桃品系的遗传多样性测试结果,从中选择出一部分多态信息含量较高、适合品种鉴别的标记,采用不同荧光标识组合在ABI3130测序仪测试,为了使不同批次的测试结果准确可靠,6—8个参照品种纳入每次的测试中。结果用16个SSR标记基本可以判断品种的特异性,它们可以用4种荧光标识进行标记,便于分为4组在ABI遗传分析仪上测试。目前数据库包含641份材料.基因型一致的品系多为同一品种突变体和自交系演化的地方品种。文中列出了100份中国代表性种质资源分子标记数据库,并建议8个中国品系为参照。对17个桃品种进行系谱验证发现,我国资源圃所育成的7个品种系谱信息正确,但日本桃品种系谱信息与文献出现偏差。【结论】应用16个多态性高的SSR荧光标记可以构建精确的桃品种分子指纹数据库,测试方法及结果对品种特异性和系谱鉴定提供重要的参考.推动资源分子指纹数据库标准化建设工作。 | 李雄伟 孟宪桥 贾惠娟 王力荣 王志强 马瑞娟 吴大军 董冰 Maria Jose Aranzana Pere Arús 高中山 | 2013 | 果树学报2013，30，6： | 17 |
| 12 | A review of Helicobacter pylori diagnosis, treatment, and methods to detect eradication显示文摘Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) affects nearly half of the world's population and, thus, is one of the most frequent and persistent bacterial infections worldwide. H. pylori is associated with peptic ulcer disease, gastric ulcers, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and gastric cancer. Various diagnostic methods exist to detect infection, and the choice of one method or another depends on several factors, such as accessibility, advantages and disadvantages of each method, cost, and the age of patients. Once H. pylori infection is diagnosed, the clinician decides whether treatment is necessity, according to the patient's clinical condition. Typically, eradication of H. pylori is recommended for treatment and prevention of the infection. Cure rates with the standard triple therapy are acceptable, and effective quadruple therapies, sequential therapies, and concomitant therapies have been introduced as key alternatives to treat H. pylori infection. In this work, we review the main diagnostic methods used to identify H. pylori infection and to confirm eradication of infection. In addition, key factors related to treatment are reviewed. | Elvira Garza-González Guillermo Ignacio Perez-Perez Héctor Jesús Maldonado-Garza Francisco Javier Bosques-Padilla | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，6： | 17 |
| 13 | Interleukin-1 and TNF-α polymorphisms and Helicobacter pylori in a Brazilian Amazon population显示文摘AIM:To study the association between Interleukin-1(IL-1)and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αpolymorphisms,infection by Helicobacter pylori(H pylori)and the development of gastrointestinal diseases.METHODS:Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of 177 patients with various gastrointestinal diseases and from 100 healthy volunteers.The polymorphisms in IL-1βand TNF-αgenes were analyzed using the polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism method(PCRRFLP)and those from IL-1RN with PCR.The presence of infection due to H pylori and the presence of the CagA toxin were detected by serology.The histopathological parameters in the gastric biopsies of the patients were according to the Sydney classification.RESULTS:A comparison of the frequencies of the different polymorphisms studied among the patients and the control group demonstrated that the allele IL1RN*2 was more frequent among patients with gastric ulcers and adenocarcinoma.Carriers of the allele ILRN*2 and those with reactive serology for anti-CagA IgG had a greater risk of developing peptic ulcer and gastric adenocarcinoma,as well as a higher degree of inflammation and neutrophilic activity in the gastric mucosa.CONCLUSION:Our results indicate a positive association between IL-1RN gene polymorphism and infection by positive H pylori CagA strains and the development of gastric ulcers and adenocarcinoma. | Hivana Patricia Melo Barbosa Luisa Caricio Martins Sidney Emanuel Batista dos Santos Samia Demachki Mnica Baraúna Assumpo Charliana Damasceno Arago Tereza Cristina de Oliveira Corvelo | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，12： | 17 |
| 14 | Epidermal growth factor receptor and K-Ras in non-small cell lung cancer-molecular pathways involved and targeted therapies显示文摘Lung cancer is currently the leading cause of cancer death in Western nations.Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)represents 80%of all lung cancers,and adenocarcinoma is the predominant histological type.Despite the intensive research carried out on this field and therapeutic advances,the overall prognosis of these patients remains unsatisfactory,with a 5-year overall survival rate of less than 15%.Nowadays,pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics represent the key to successful treatment.Recent studies suggest the existence of two distinct molecular pathways in the carcinogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma:one associated with smoking and activation of the K-Ras oncogene and the other not associated with smoking and activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR).The K-ras mutation is mainly responsible for primary resistance to new molecules which inhibit tyrosine kinase EGFR(erlotinib and gefitinib)and most of the EGFR mutations are responsible for increased tumor sensitivity to these drugs.This article aims to conduct a systematic review of the literature regarding the molecular pathways involving the EGFR,K-Ras and EGFR targeted therapies in NSCLC tumor behavior. | Ramon Andrade de Mello Dania Sofia Marques Rui Medeiros António MF Araújo | 2011 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2011，2，11： | 16 |
| 15 | 国际水产品市场法规新趋势——欧盟TraceFish计划显示文摘 | 刘俊荣 Gurún ■afsdóttir | 2005 | 水产科学2005，24，4： | 14 |
| 16 | Immunoexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 in primary gastric carcinomas and lymph node metastases显示文摘AIM: To evaluate immunoexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in primary gastric carcinomas and respective lymph node metastases. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry to analyze COX-2 expression was performed on tissue microarray slices obtained from 36 specimens of gastrectomy and satellite lymph nodes from patients with gastric carcinoma. RESULTS: Immunostaining was seen in most cases, and COX-2 expression was higher in lymph node me-tastases than in corresponding primary gastric tumors of intestinal, diffuse and mixed carcinomas, with a statistically signif icant difference in the diffuse histotype (P = 0.0108). CONCLUSION: COX-2 immunoexpression occurs frequently in primary gastric carcinomas, but higher expression of this enzyme is observed in lymph node metastases of the diffuse histotype. | Paulo RC Almeida Francisco VA Ferreira Cássio C Santos Francisco D Rocha-Filho Raul RP Feitosa Esther AA Falco Belise K Cavada Roberto CP Lima-Júnior Ronaldo A Ribeiro | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，8： | 14 |
| 17 | Therapy with stem cells in inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) affects a part of the young population and has a strong impact upon quality of life. The underlying etiology is not known, and the existing treatments are not curative. Furthermore, a significant percentage of patients are refractory to therapy. In recent years there have been great advances in our knowledge of stem cells and their therapeutic applications. In this context, autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT) has been used in application to severe refractory Crohn's disease(CD), with encouraging results. Allogenic HSCT would correct the genetic defects of the immune system, but is currently not accepted for the treatment of IBD because of its considerable risks. Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) have immune regulatory and regenerative properties, and low immunogenicity(both autologous and allogenic MSCs). Based on these properties, MSCs have been used via the systemic route in IBD with promising results, though it is still too soon to draw firm conclusions. Their local administration in perianal CD is the field where most progress has been made in recent years, with encouraging results. The next few years will be decisive for defining the role of such therapy in the management of IBD. | María del Pilar Martínez-Montiel Gonzalo Jesús Gómez-Gómez Ana Isabel Flores | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，5： | 13 |
| 18 | I.31, a new combination of probiotics, improves irritable bowel syndrome-related quality of life显示文摘AIM:To determine the dose-related effects of a novel probiotic combination,I.31,on irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)-related quality of life(IBS-QoL).METHODS:A multicenter,randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled intervention clinical trial with three parallel arms was designed.A total of 84 patients(53female,31 male;age range 20-70 years)with IBS and diarrhea according to Rome-Ⅲcriteria were randomly allocated to receive one capsule a day for 6 wk containing:(1)I.31 high dose(n=28);(2)I.31 low dose(n=27);and(3)placebo(n=29).At baseline,and 3and 6 wk of treatment,patients filled the IBSQoL,Visceral Sensitivity Index(VSI),and global symptom relief questionnaires.RESULTS:During treatment,IBS-QoL increased in all groups,but this increment was significantly larger in patients treated with I.31 than in those receiving placebo(P=0.008).After 6 wk of treatment,IBS-QoL increased by 18±3 and 22±4 points in the high and the low dose groups,respectively(P=0.041 and P=0.023vs placebo),but only 9±3 in the placebo group.Gutspecific anxiety,as measured with VSI,also showed a significantly greater improvement after 6 wk of treatment in patients treated with probiotics(by 10±2 and14±2 points,high and low dose respectively,P<0.05for both vs 7±1 score increment in placebo).Symptom relief showed no significant changes between groups.No adverse drug reactions were reported following the consumption of probiotic or placebo capsules.CONCLUSION:A new combination of three different probiotic bacteria was superior to placebo in improving IBS-related quality of life in patients with IBS and diarrhea. | Vicente Lorenzo-Zú?iga Elba Llop Cristina Suárez Beatriz álvarez Luis Abreu Jordi Espadaler Jordi Serra | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，26： | 13 |
| 19 | drug-induced autoimmune liver disease:a diagnostic dilemma of an increasingly reported disease显示文摘The aetiology of autoimmune hepatitis(AIH) is uncer-tain but the disease can be triggered in susceptible patients by external factors such as viruses or drugs.AIH usually develops in individuals with a genetic back-ground mainly consisting of some risk alleles of the major histocompatibility complex(HLA).Many drugs have been linked to AIH phenotypes,which sometimes persist after drug discontinuation,suggesting that they awaken latent autoimmunity.At least three clini-cal scenarios have been proposed that refers to drug- induced autoimmune liver disease(DIAILD):AIH with drug-induced liver injury(DILI); drug induced-AIH(DI-AIH); and immune mediated DILI(IM-DILI).In addi-tion,there are instances showing mixed features of DI-AIH and IM-DILI,as well as DILI cases with positive autoantibodies.Histologically distinguishing DILI from AIH remains a challenge.Even more challenging is the differentiation of AIH from DI-AIH mainly relying in histological features; however,a detailed standard-ised histologic evaluation of large cohorts of AIH and DI-AIH patients would probably render more subtle features that could be of help in the differential diag-nosis between both entities.Growing information on the relationship of drugs and AIH is being available,being drugs like statins and biologic agents more fre-quently involved in cases of DIAILD.In addition,there is some evidence on the fact that patients diagnosed with DIAILD may have had a previous episode of hepa-totoxicity.Further collaborative studies in DIAILD will strengthen the knowledge and understanding of this intriguing and complex disorder which might represent different phenotypes across the spectrum of | Agustin Castiella Eva Zapata M Isabel Lucena Raúl J Andrade | 2014 | World Journal of Hepatology2014，6，4： | 13 |
| 20 | Subclinical abnormal glucose tolerance is a predictor of death in liver cirrhosis显示文摘AIM:To determine if subclinical abnormal glucose tolerance(SAGT)has influence on survival of non-diabetic patients with liver cirrhosis.METHODS:In total,100 patients with compensatedliver cirrhosis and normal fasting plasma glucose were included.Fasting plasma insulin(FPI)levels were measured,and oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)was performed.According to OGTT results two groups of patients were formed:those with normal glucose tolerance(NGT)and those with SAGT.Patients were followed every three months.The mean follow-up was932 d(range of 180-1925).Survival was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meyer method,and predictive factors of death were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazard regression model.RESULTS:Of the included patients,30 showed NGT and70 SAGT.Groups were significantly different only in age,INR,FPI and HOMA2-IR.Patients with SAGT showed lower 5-year cumulated survival than NGT patients(31.7%vs 71.6%,P=0.02).Differences in survival were significant only after 3 years of follow-up.SAGT,Child-Pugh B,and high Child-Pugh and Model for EndStage Liver Disease(MELD)scores were independent predictors of death.The causes of death in 90.3%of cases were due to complications related to liver disease.CONCLUSION:SAGT was associated with lower survival.SAGT,Child-Pugh B,and high Child-Pugh and MELD scores were independent negative predictors of survival. | Diego García-Compeán Joel Omar Jáquez-Quintana Fernando Javier Lavalle-González José Alberto González-González Linda Elsa Mu?oz-Espinosa Jesús Zacarías Villarreal-PérezEndocrinology Service and Department of Internal Medicine University Hospital 'Dr. José E. González' and Medical School Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Monterrey 64320 México Héctor J Maldonado-Garza | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，22： | 12 |
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