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| 1 | Homogenized Daily Mean/Maximum/Minimum Temperature Series for China from 1960-2008显示文摘Inhomogeneities in the daily mean/maximum/minimum temperature (T m /T max /T min) series from 1960 2008 at 549 National Standard Stations (NSSs) in China were analyzed by using the Multiple Analysis of Series for Homogenization (MASH) software package.Typical biases in the dataset were illustrated via the cases of Bei-jing (BJ),Wutaishan (WT),ürümqi (UR) and Henan (HN) stations.The homogenized dataset shows a mean warm-ing trend of 0.261/0.193/0.344oC/decade for the annual series of T m /T max /T min,slightly smaller than that of the original dataset by 0.006/0.009/0.007oC/decade.However,considerable differences between the adjusted and origi-nal datasets were found at the local scale.The adjusted T min series shows a significant warming trend almost eve-rywhere for all seasons,while there are a number of sta-tions with an insignificant trend in the original dataset.The adjusted T m data exhibit significant warming trends annually as well as for the autumn and winter seasons in northern China,and cooling trends only for the summer in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and parts of cen-tral China and for the spring in southwestern China,while the original data show cooling trends at several stations for the annual and seasonal scales in the Qinghai,Shanxi,Hebei,and Xinjiang provinces.The adjusted T max data exhibit cooling trends for summers at a number of stations in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze and Yellow Riv-ers and for springs and winters at a few stations in south-western China,while the original data show cooling trends at three/four stations for the annual/autumn periods in the Qinghai and Yunnan provinces.In general,the number of stations with a cooling trend was much smaller in the adjusted T m and T max dataset than in the original dataset.The cooling trend for summers is mainly due to cooling in August.The results of homogenization using MASH appear to be robust;in particular,different groups of stations with consideration of elevation led to minor effects in the results. | LI Zhen YAN Zhong-Wei | 2009 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2009，2，4： | 86 |
| 2 | Preliminary Assessment of Simulations of Climate Changes over China by CMIP5 Multi-Models显示文摘Based on 18 global climate models' simulations of the 20th century climate, a set of experiments within phase five of the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project (CMIP5), the performances of simulating the present climate over China are assessed. Compared with observations, models can capture the dominant features of the geographic distributions of temperature and precipitation during 1961-2005. For the temporal changes of temperature, models appear to have a good performance on reproducing the warming tendency but show limited skills for precipitation. For the regional mean temperature and precipitation over the whole of China, most models underestimate the actual temperature and overestimate precipitation. Concerning the standard deviations of simulations by the 18 models, they are larger for temperature in the western part of China, while the standard deviations are larger for precipitation in the South. | XU Ying XU Chong-Hai | 2012 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2012，5，6： | 93 |
| 3 | The Projection of Temperature and Precipitation over China under RCP Scenarios using a CMIP5 Multi-Model Ensemble显示文摘Climate changes in 21st century China are described based on the projections of 11 climate models under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios. The results show that warming is expected in all regions of China under the RCP scenarios, with the northern regions showing greater warming than the southern regions. The warming tendency from 2011 to 2100 is 0.06°C/10 a for RCP2.6, 0.24°C/10 a for RCP4.5, and 0.63°C/10 a for RCP8.5. The projected time series of annual temperature have similar variation tendencies as the new greenhouse gas (GHG) emission scenario pathways, and the warming under the lower emission scenarios is less than under the higher emission scenarios. The regional averaged precipitation will increase, and the increasing precipitation in the northern regions is significant and greater than in the southern regions in China. It is noted that precipitation will tend to decrease in the southern parts of China during the period of 2011-2040, especially under RCP8.5. Compared with the changes over the globe and some previous projections, the increased warming and precipitation over China is more remarkable under the higher emission scenarios. The uncertainties in the projection are unavoidable, and further analyses are necessary to develop a better understanding of the future changes over the region. | XU Chong-Hai XU Ying | 2012 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2012，5，6： | 82 |
| 4 | A Quick Report on a Dynamical Downscaling Simulation over China Using the Nested Model显示文摘This paper describes a dynamical downscaling simulation over China using the nested model system,which consists of the modified Weather Research and Forecasting Model(WRF)nested with the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model(CAM).Results show that dynamical downscaling is of great value in improving the model simulation of regional climatic characteristics.WRF simulates regional detailed temperature features better than CAM.With the spatial correlation coefficient between the observation and the simulation increasing from 0.54 for CAM to 0.79 for WRF,the improvement in precipitation simulation is more perceptible with WRF.Furthermore,the WRF simulation corrects the spatial bias of the precipitation in the CAM simulation. | YU En-Tao WANG Hui-Jun SUN Jian-Qi | 2010 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2010，3，6： | 62 |
| 5 | Climate Change over China in the 21st Century as Simulated by BCC_CSM1.1-RegCM4.0显示文摘Driven by the global model,Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model version 1.1(BCC_CSM1.1),climate change over China in the 21st century is simulated by a regional climate model(RegCM4.0)under the new emission scenarios of the Representative Concentration Pathways—RCP4.5 and RCP8.5.This is based on a period of transient simulations from 1950 to2099,with a grid spacing of 50 km.The present paper focuses on the annual mean temperature and precipitation in China over this period,with emphasis on their future changes.Validation of model performance reveals marked improvement of the RegCM4.0 model in reproducing present day temperature and precipitation relative to the driving BCC_CSM1.1 model.Significant warming is simulated by both BCC_CSM1.1 and RegCM4.0,however,spatial distribution and magnitude differ between the simulations.The high emission scenario RCP8.5 results in greater warming compared to RCP4.5.The two models project different precipitation changes,characterized by a general increase in the BCC_CSM1.1,and broader areas with decrease in the RegCM4.0 simulations. | GAO Xue-Jie WANG Mei-Li Filippo GIORGI | 2013 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2013，6，5： | 78 |
| 6 | Arctic Sea Ice Decline Intensified Haze Pollution in Eastern China显示文摘Air quality in eastern China has becoming more and more worrying in recent years, and haze is now No.1 air pollution issue. Results in this study show the decreasing Arctic sea ice(ASI) is an important contributor to the recent increased haze days in eastern China. The authors find that the number of winter haze days(WHD) in eastern China is strongly negatively correlated with the preceding autumn ASI during 1979–2012, and about 45%– 67% of the WHD interannual to interdecadal variability can be explained by ASI variability. Following previous studies on the impact of ASI loss on the northern hemisphere climate, the authors' studies further reveal that the reduction of autumn ASI leads to positive sea-level pressure anomalies in mid-latitude Eurasia, northward shift of track of cyclone activity in China, and weak Rossby wave activity in eastern China south of 40N during winter season. These atmospheric circulation changes favor less cyclone activity and more stable atmosphere in eastern China, leading to more haze days there. Furthermore, the patterns of circulation changes associated with autumn ASI and WHD are in very good agreement over the East Asia, particularly in eastern China. The authors suggest that haze pollution may continue to be a serious issue in the near future as the decline of ASI continues under global warming. | WANG Hui-Jun CHEN Huo-Po LIU Jiping | 2015 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2015，8，1： | 43 |
| 7 | Large-Scale Circulation Features Typical of Wintertime Extensive and Persistent Low Temperature Events in China显示文摘A pair of northeast-southwest-tilted mid-tropospheric ridges and troughs on the continental scale was observed to be the key circulation feature common among wintertime extensive and persistent low tempera-ture events (EPLTE) in China.During the persistence of such anomalous circulations,the split flow over the inner Asian continent and the influent flow over the southeast-ern coast of China correspond well to the expanded and amplified Siberian high with tightened sea level pressure gradients and hence,a strong,cold advection over south-eastern China.The western Pacific subtropical high tends to expand northward during the early stages of most EPLTEs. | BUEH Cholaw FU Xian-Yue XIE Zuo-Wei | 2011 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2011，4，4： | 32 |
| 8 | The Definition and Classification of Extensive and Persistent Extreme Cold Events in China显示文摘Using the observed daily temperatures from 756 stations in China during the period from 1951 to 2009 extensive and persistent extreme cold events (EPECEs) were defined according to the following three steps:1) a station was defined as an extreme cold station (ECS) if the observed temperature was lower than its 10th percentile threshold;2) an extensive extreme cold event was determined to be present if the approximated area occupied by the ECSs was more than 10% of the total area of China (83rd percentile) on its starting day and the maximum area occupied by the ECSs was at least 20% of the total area of China (96th percentile);and 3) an EPECE was determined to be present if the extensive extreme cold event lasted for at least for eight days.52 EPECEs were identified in this manner,and these identification results were also verified using other reliable data.On the basis of cluster analysis,five types of EPECEs were classified according to the spatial distribution of ECSs at their most extensive time over the course of the EPECE. | PENG Jing-Bei BUEH Cholaw | 2011 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2011，4，5： | 34 |
| 9 | How Well does BCC_CSM1.1 Reproduce the 20th Century Climate Change over China?显示文摘The historical simulation of phase five of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP5) experiments performed by the Beijing Climate Center climate system model(BCC_CSM1.1) is evaluated regarding the time evolutions of the global and China mean surface air temperature(SAT) and surface climate change over China in recent decades.BCC_CSM1.1 has better capability at reproducing the time evolutions of the global and China mean SAT than BCC_CSM1.0.By the year 2005,the BCC_CSM1.1 model simulates a warming amplitude of approximately 1℃ in China over the 1961-1990 mean,which is consistent with observation.The distributions of the warming trend over China in the four seasons during 1958-2004 are basically reproduced by BCC_CSM1.1,with the warmest occurring in winter.Although the cooling signal of Southwest China in spring is partly reproduced by BCC_CSM1.1,the cooling trend over central eastern China in summer is omitted by the model.For the precipitation change,BCC_CSM1.1 has good performance in spring,with drought in Southeast China.After removing the linear trend,the interannual correlation map between the model and the observation shows that the model has better capability at reproducing the summer SAT over China and spring precipitation over Southeast China. | XIN Xiao-Ge WU Tong-Wen LI Jiang-Long WANG Zai-Zhi LI Wei-Ping WU Fang-Hua | 2013 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2013，6，1： | 30 |
| 10 | Comparison of convective parameterizations in RegCM4 experiments over China with CLM as the land surface model显示文摘区域气候模式Reg CM最新版中引入了新的陆面模式CLM,为了考察在选用CLM时不同对流参数化方案在中国地区的表现,本文进行了五种不同对流参数化方案下—Grell、Emanuel、Tiedtke,Mix(陆地上位Emanuel方案,海洋上为Grell方案)和Mix2(陆地上为Grell方案,海洋上为Emanuel方案)的模拟试验。将模拟的冬、夏季平均气温和降水与观测进行了对比分析,结果表明,Emanuel方案是综合模拟效果最好的。在使用Reg CM-CLM进行中国区域模拟研究时,对流参数化方案推荐选为Emanuel。 | GAO Xue-Jie SHI Ying Filippo GIORGI | 2016 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2016，9，4： | 30 |
| 11 | Future changes in thermal comfort conditions over China based on multi-RegCM4 simulations显示文摘使用4个不同全球模式模拟结果,驱动RegCM4区域气候模式,进行了RCP4.5中等温室气体排放情景下东亚地区21世纪气候变化的高分辨率(25 km)模拟。本文基于此套模拟集合,使用综合考虑了气温、相对湿度和风速因素的人体热感受指数有效温度(ET),给出了未来中国区域热舒适条件的变化。分析中同时考虑了未来人口数量和分布情景所引起的暴露度变化。研究发现,未来中国区域的ET的普遍升高引起炎热天气的人口暴露度大幅度增加(到21世纪末相对于当代全国平均将增加6倍‘人-天’(person–days),凉、冷和寒冷天气的暴露度则减少。同时尽管舒适日数有所增加,但相应的人-天数目则有22%的减少。不同因素(气候、人口和两者的相互作用)对于上述变化的贡献分析表明,在舒适度的热端,气候因素的作用更重要,而人口因素则在冷端起着主导作用。总体而言,即使是在中等水平温室气体排放情景下,中国区域未来的热强度也将增加,尽管结果表现出很强的地理依赖特征。相对使用单纯气候因素的结果,人口暴露度的引入对变化信号有着强烈的调制作用,从而更加强调了在与气候变化相关的风险评估分析中,考虑社会-经济因素的重要性。 | GAO Xue-Jie WU Jie SHI Ying WU Jia HAN Zhen-Yu ZHANG Dong-Feng TONG Yao LI Rou-Ke XU Ying GIORGI Filippo | 2018 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2018，11，4： | 30 |
| 12 | Micro-Pulse Lidar Measurements of Aerosol Vertical Structure over the Loess Plateau显示文摘Knowledge of the vertical distribution of aerosols in the free troposphere is important for estimating their impact on climate. In this study, direct observations of the vertical distribution of aerosols in the free troposphere are made using surface Micro-Pulse Lidar (MPL) measurements. The MPL measurements were made at the Loess Plateau (35.95°N, 104.1°E), which is near the major dust source regions of the Taklimakan and Gobi deserts. The vertical distribution of the MPL backscattering suggested that nondust aerosols floated from ground level to an altitude of approximately 9 km around the source regions. Early morning hours are characterized by a shallow aerosol layer of a few hundred meters thick. As the day progresses, strong convective eddies transport the aero- sols vertically to more than 1500 m. | HUANG Jian-Ping HUANG Zhong-Wei BI Jian-Rong ZHANG Wu ZHANG Lei | 2008 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2008，1，1： | 27 |
| 13 | Projections of 2.0°C Warming over the Globe and China under RCP4.5显示文摘The outputs of 17 models in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) are employed to investigate the temporal and spatial features of 2.0°C warming of the surface temperature over the globe and China under the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5 scenario. The simulations of the period 1860-1899 in the 'historical' experiment are chosen as the baseline. The simulations for the 21st century in the RCP4.5 experiment are chosen as the future project. The multi-model ensemble mean (MME) shows that the global mean temperature would cross the 2.0°C warming threshold in 2047. Warming in most of the models would cross the threshold during 2030-2060. For local warming, high-latitude areas in the Northern Hemisphere show the fastest warming over the globe. Land areas warm substantially faster than the oceans. Most of the southern oceans would not exceed the 2.0°C warming threshold within the 21st century. Over China, surface warming is substantially faster than the global mean. The area-averaged warming would cross the 2.0°C threshold in 2034. Locally, Northwest China shows the fastest warming trend, followed by Central North China and Northeast China. Central China, East China, and South China are the last to cross the 2.0°C warming threshold. The diversity of the models is also estimated in this study. Generally, the spread among the models increases with time, and there is smaller spread among the models for the areas with the faster warming. | Zhang Ying | 2012 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2012，5，6： | 20 |
| 14 | Predicting Winter Surface Air Temperature in Northeast China显示文摘The author investigates the prediction of Northeast China's winter surface air temperature (SAT),and first forecast the year to year increment in the predic-tand and then predict the predictand.Thus,in the first step,we determined the predictors for an increment in winter SAT by analyzing the atmospheric variability associated with an increment in winter SAT.Then,multi-linear re-gression was applied to establish a prediction model for an increment in winter SAT in Northeast China.The pre-diction model shows a high correlation coefficient (0.73) between the simulated and observed annual increments in winter SAT in Northeast China throughout the period 1965-2002,with a relative root mean square error of -7.9%.The prediction model makes a reasonable hindcast for 2003-08,with an average relative root mean square error of -7.2%.The prediction model can capture the in-creasing trend of winter SAT in Northeast China from 1965-2008.The results suggest that this approach to forecasting an annual increment in winter SAT in North-east China would be relevant in operational seasonal forecasts. | Fan Ke | 2009 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2009，2，1： | 19 |
| 15 | Identifying Global Monsoon Troughs and Global Atmospheric Centers of Action on a Pentad Scale显示文摘Using two datasets of global pentad grid precipitation and global 850 hPa geopotential height during 1979-2007,this study identified global monsoon troughs and global atmospheric centers of action (ACAs) on a pentad scale.The global monsoon troughs consist of planetary-scale monsoon troughs and peninsula-scale monsoon troughs.Forced by seasonal variations in solar radiation,the inter-tropical convergence zones (ITCZs) represent the planetary-scale monsoon troughs,which are active and shift over the tropical North Pacific,the tropical North Atlantic,and the tropical South Indian oceans.The peninsula-scale monsoon troughs are originated from regional land-sea topography and varied with contrasts in seasonal land-sea surface temperatures and precipitation.During the boreal summer,five peninsula-scale troughs and one planetary-scale trough are distributed in the Asia-Northwest Pacific (NWP) region.In total,22 troughs,nine monsoon troughs,and 19 ACAs in the lower troposphere were identified.Relevant ACAs may be useful in constructing regional monsoon and circulation indices. | QIAN Wei-Hong TANG Shuai-Qi | 2010 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2010，3，1： | 18 |
| 16 | A Climatology of the Southwest Vortex during 1979–2008显示文摘Using a new vortex detection and tracing method, a dataset of the Southwest Vortex(SWV) is established based on Japanese 25-year Reanalysis(JRA-25) reanalysis data during 1979–2008. The spatiotemporal features of the SWV are derived from the dataset. In comparison to other seasons, summer yields the least SWVs, but with the highest probability that they will migrate from their region of origin. SWVs mostly emerge in the southwest of the Sichuan Basin and the southeast of the Tibetan Plateau. Migratory SWVs mainly move along either an eastward or southeastward path. Detailed composite analysis of warm-season SWVs shows that the subtropical high is a key factor in determining the direction of migratory SWVs. Furthermore, the steering wind at 700 hPa dominates the moving direction of migratory SWVs. Potential stability diagnosed by pseudo-equivalent potential temperature ? se is of certain significance for the evolution and movement of SWVs. On the other hand, migratory SWVs possess relatively greater strength than stationary SWVs, due to a stronger low-level jet with enhanced baroclinicity and moisture transport providing more energy to support the growth of SWVs along their paths of movement. | ZHONG Rui ZHONG Lin-Hao HUA Li-Juan FENG Shi-De | 2014 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2014，7，6： | 17 |
| 17 | Low- and Mid-High Latitude Components of the East Asian Winter Monsoon and Their Reflecting Variations in Winter Climate over Eastern China显示文摘The present study defines a low-latitude component (regionally averaged winter 1000-hPa V-winds over 10 25°N, 105 135°E) and a mid-high-latitude component (regionally averaged winter 1000-hPa V-winds over 30 50°N, 110 125°E) of the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM), which are denoted as EAWM-L and EAWM-M, respectively. The study examines the variation characteristics, reflecting variations in winter climate over eastern China, and associated atmospheric circulations corresponding to the two components. The main results are as follows: 1) the EAWM-L and EAWM-M have consistent variation in some years but opposite variations in other years; 2) the EAWM-M index mainly reflects the extensive temperature variability over eastern China, while the EAWM-L index better reflects the variation in winter precipitation over most parts of eastern China; and 3) corresponding to the variation in the EAWM-M index, anomalous winds over the mid-high latitudes of East Asia modulate the southward invasion of cold air from the high latitudes and accordingly affect temperatures over eastern China. In combination with the variation in the EAWM-L index, anomalous low-latitudinal winds regulate the water vapor transport from tropical oceans to eastern China, resulting in anomalous winter precipitation. These pronounced differences between the EAWM-L and the EAWM-M suggest that it is necessary to explore the monsoons' individual features and effects in the EAWM study. | LIU Ge JI Li-Ren SUN Shu-Qing XIN Yu-Fei | 2012 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2012，5，3： | 17 |
| 18 | CMIP6和CMIP5模式对中国极端温度的模拟能力的评估显示文摘本文评估了CMIP5和CMIP6模式对中国在1979-2005年期间的极端温度的模拟性能。结果表明:CMIP6模式可以很好地再现年最大日最高气温,年最小日最低气温和霜冻日数的空间分布特征。对于年最大日最高气温,持续暖日日数和暖昼,CMIP6模式间的不确定性相对于CMIP5模式有所降低。并且,CMIP6模式也能表现出观测到的极端温度的趋势。然而,CMIP6模式再现暖昼和冷夜的能力仍然不足,特别是在青藏高原上存在明显的冷偏差或者暖偏差对于某些指数。单个CMIP6或CMIP5模式的模拟能力就不同的指数而有所不同,某些模式的模拟能力较为突出。对于一些来自同一机构不同版本的模式,改进的CMIP6模式与CMIP5模式的模拟结果没有明显差异。多模式中位数平均的模拟效果优于大多数单个模式。 | LUO Neng GUO Yan GAO Zhibo CHEN Kexin CHOU Jieming | 2020 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2020，13，6： | 15 |
| 19 | Future Changes of Drought and Flood Events in China under a Global Warming Scenario显示文摘This study investigates the impact of global warming on drought/flood patterns in China at the end of the 21st century based on the simulations of 22 global climate models and a regional climate model(RegCM3) under the SRES(Special Report on Emissions Scenarios) A1B scenario.The standardized precipitation index(SPI),which has well performance in monitoring the drought/flood characteristics(in terms of their intensity,duration,and spatial extent) in China,is used in this study.The projected results of 22 coupled models and the RegCM3 simulation are consistent.These models project a decrease in the frequency of droughts in most parts of northern China and a slight increase in the frequency in some parts of southern China.Considering China as a whole,the spatial extents of droughts are projected to be significantly reduced.In contrast,future flood events over most parts of China are projected to occur more frequently with stronger intensity and longer duration than those prevalent currently.Additionally,the spatial extents of flood events are projected to significantly increase. | CHEN Huo-Po SUN Jian-Qi CHEN Xiao-Li | 2013 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2013，6，1： | 15 |
| 20 | Trends in Seasonal Precipitation over China during 1961-2007显示文摘Trends in six indices of precipitation in China for seasons during 1961-2007 were analyzed based on daily observations at 587 stations. The trends were estimated by using Sen's method with Mann-Kendall's test for quantifying the significance. The geographical patterns of trends in the seasonal indices of extremes were similar to those of total precipitation. For winter, both total and extreme precipitation increased over nearly all of China, except for a small part of northern China. Increasing trends in extreme precipitation also occurred at many stations in southwestern China for spring and the midlower reaches of the Yangtze River and southern China for summer. For autumn, precipitation decreased in eastern China, with an increasing length of maximum dry spell, implying a drying tendency for the post-rainy season. Wetting trends have prevailed in most of western China for all seasons. The well-known 'flood in the south and drought in the north' trend exists in eastern China for summer, while a nearly opposite trend pattern exist for spring. | WANG Yi YAN Zhong-Wei | 2009 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2009，2，3： | 14 |
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