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| 1 | CO_2 Emission Induced by Urban Household Consumption in China显示文摘Household consumption is one of the important factors that induce CO2 emission.Based on input-output model,this article calculated the intensity of CO2 emission of different income groups and seven provinces in China,and then estimated total CO2 emission induced by urban household consumption from 1995 to 2004 in China based on statistic data of household living expenditure.The results show that CO2 emission per capita induced by household consumption had increased from 1583 to 2498 kg CO2 during 1995-2004.The ratio of consumption-induced CO2 emission to total CO2 emission had risen from 19% to 30% in the past decade.Indirect CO2 emission accounted for an important part of the consumption-induced emission,the ratio of indirect emission to consumption-induced emission had risen from 69% to 79% during the same period.A significant difference in consumption-induced CO2 emission across different income groups and different regions has been observed.CO2 emission per capita of higher income groups and developed regions increased faster than that of lower income groups and developing regions.Changing lifestyle has driven significant increase in CO2 emission.Especially,increases in private transport expenditure(for example,vehicle expenditure) and house building expenditure are key driving factors of growth in consumption-induced CO2 emission.There are big differences in the amount of CO2 emission induced by change in lifestyle across different income groups and provinces.It can be expected that lower income households and developing regions will increase consumption to improve their livings with income growth in the future,which may induce much more CO2 emission.A reasonable level of CO2 emission is necessary to satisfy human needs and to improve living standard,but a noticeable fact is that CO2 emission per capita induced by household consumption in developed areas of China had reached a quite high level.Adjustment in lifestyle towards a low-carbon society is in urgent need. | Wang Yan1,2,3,Shi Minjun1,2 1.Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China 2.Research Center on Fictitious Economy and Data Science,CAS,Beijing 100190,China 3.Communications University of China,Beijing 100024,China | 2009 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2009，7，3： | 22 |
| 2 | Study on the efficiency and regional disparity of green technology innovation in China's industrial companies显示文摘This paper first constructed a system to evaluate the innovation efficiency of industrial companies within China's Mainland.Then,a principal component analysis(PCA) was performed to these indicators for dimensionality reduction,so as to figure out the technology innovation efficiency in these two phases,respectively.Finally,the overall efficiency of industrial companies in different regions was estimated and factorized via data envelopment analysis(DEA).The results showed that:(1)the efficiency of green technology innovation of industrial companies in China was relatively low as a whole,which mainly resulted from pure technical efficiency(PTE).Further,this huge gap continues to expand in these regions.And both PTE and scale efficiency(SE) in central and western regions leave much to be expected.(2)In the first phase of green technology development,when environmental factors were concerned,the efficiency was much lower than that without environmental considerations.Besides,the central and western regions were facing increasingly severe environmental problems,and there was a wide disparity in technology development efficiency among eastern,central,and western regions.(3)In the second phase of green technology commercialization,there were still more rooms for improvement in raising the efficiency of green technology innovation,and the efficiency in eastern,central,and western regions was ranked from highest to lowest.(4)Liaoning,Hebei,Heilongjiang,Xinjiang,Shanxi,Inner Mongolia,Yunnan,and Qinghai should focus on improving their technology;Jilin,Jiangxi,Anhui,and Guangxi should make their efforts to reduce resource redundancy;whereas Ningxia and Gansu should try to solve the above two issues. | Liangwen Luo Shengrong Liang | 2016 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2016，16，4： | 16 |
| 3 | Research on Methods of Ecological Security Assessment of the Middle and Lower Reaches of Liaohe River Based on GIS显示文摘Ecological security assessment and early warning research possess the attributes of spatiality, non-linearity and randomicity, so we must process much spatial information. Spatial analysis and data management are the advantages of GIS, which can define distribution trend and spatial relations of environmental factors, and show ecological security pattern graphically. Spatial differences of ecological security assessment based on GIS are discussed in this paper, of which the middle and lower reaches of the Liaohe River is taken as a study case. First, to work out pressure-state-response (P-S-R) assessment indicators system, and investigate in person and gather information; second, to digitize the watershed; third, to quantize and calculate by the fuzzy method; last, to construct GIS grid database, and expound spatial differences of ecological security by GIS interpolation and assembly analysis. | Wang Geng 1,2 , Nie Baochi 3, Wang Lin 1 & Wu Wei 1 1. School of Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China 2. Urban and Environmental School, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China 3. Shenyang Buraue of Water Resources, Shenyang 110013, China. | 2005 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2005，3，4： | 12 |
| 4 | Carbon dioxide emissions from cities in China based on high resolution emission gridded data显示文摘Based on the China high resolution emission gridded data(1 km spatial resolution), this article is aimed to create a Chinese city carbon dioxide(CO_2) emission data set using consolidated data sources as well as normalized and standardized data processing methods. Standard methods were used to calculate city CO_2 emissions, including scope 1 and scope 2. Cities with higher CO_2 emissions are mostly in north, northeast, and eastern coastal areas. Cities with lower CO_2 emissions are in the western region. Cites with higher CO_2 emissions are clustered in the Jing-Jin-Ji Region(such as Beijing, Tianjin, and Tangshan), and the Yangtze River Delta region(such as Shanghai and Suzhou).The city per capita CO_2 emission is larger in the north than the south. There are obvious aggregations of cities with high per capita CO_2 emission in the north. Four cities among the top 10 per capita emissions(Erdos, Wuhai, Shizuishan, and Yinchuan) cluster in the main coal production areas of northern China. This indicates the significant impact of coal resources endowment on city industry and CO_2 emissions. The majority(77%) of cities have annual CO_2 emissions below 50 million tons. The mean annual emission, among all cities, is 37 million tons. Emissions from service-based cities, which include the smallest number of cities, are the highest. Industrial cities are the largest category and the emission distribution from these cities is close to the normal distribution. Emissions and degree of dispersion, in the other cities(excluding industrial cities and service-based cities), are in the lowest level. Per capita C02 emissions in these cities are generally below 20 t/person(89%) with a mean value of 11 t/person. The distribution interval of per capita CO_2 emission within industrial cities is the largest among the three city categories. This indicates greater differences among per capita CO_2 emissions of industrial cities. The distribution interval of per capita CO_2 emission of other cities is the lowest, indicating smaller differences of per capita CO_2 emissions among this city category. Three policy suggestions are proposed: first, city CO_2 emission inventory data in China should be increased,especially for prefecture level cities. Second, city responsibility for emission reduction, and partitioning the national goal should be established, using a bottom-up approach based on specific CO_2emission levels and potential for emission reductions in each city. Third, comparative and benchmarking research on city CO_2 emissions should be conducted, and a Top Runner system of city CO_2emission reduction should be established. | Bofeng Cai Jinnan Wang Shuying Yang Xianqiang Mao Libin Cao | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2017，15，1： | 10 |
| 5 | Environment as the Stage for Economic Actors显示文摘The relative importance of economics and environment in debate may soon be reversed due to the influence of three fac- tors. Firstly, in the global economy it is hard to hide the unwanted products of economic processes. Secondly, huge advances in sci- ence will reduce the imperfect knowledge of markets, making some monitoring and analyzing tools show the design of sensible and equitable livelihood in communities, which is more important than the motivation of maximising profits for some individuals or firms. Thirdly, China, as the last major player on the planet to take on economic growth, comes from traditions fundamentally differ- ent from those economies that have experienced the Industrial Revolution previously. Its challenges with sustainability and en- vironmental conservation predate Western economics by millennia, and it is implementing policies domestically and starting to work on the world stage that acknowledges that the surroundings are the host for any economic and socio-political system. | John E Coulter Shi Lei Samantha Jenkins | 2007 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2007，5，1： | 10 |
| 6 | Research from global Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)to sustainability science based on the object-subject-process framework显示文摘Since United Nations adopted the global Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) for the next15 years(2016-2030), sustainable development will further become a core concept and main principle to guide global and national economic and social development. According to this background, strengthening the integrative research on the theories and methodologies of sustainable development has been a strategically important mission. This article provided an analytic framework for sustainability science, named the object-subject-process(OSP) framework for examining the key issues encountered during the theoretical research and policy analysis. This study emphasized that, on the object dimension, sustainable development means to seek for economic and social development within biophysical limits of the earth and the relationship of environment, society, and economy should be containing and complementary rather than parallel and substitute; on the process dimension, sustainable development should adopt both the responsive and proactive strategies for the whole process management which employing pressure-state-response(PRS) model rather than dealing with one part of them; on the subject dimension, sustainable development research should involve the key stakeholders who are kind of collaborate governance rather than separate each other. From the perspective of sustainability science, green economy was utilized as a case study to explore the issues of object, process and subject and also the significance of green economy was discussed in this study. | Dajian Zhu | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2017，15，1： | 8 |
| 7 | Analysis of China’s Water Security and Virtual Water Trade显示文摘Producing goods and services all needs water consumption.The water used in the process of an agricultural or industrial product is called the'Virtual Water'contained in this product. Through international trade,water-scarce countries and regions could purchase water-intensive products--especially foods,from water-rich countries to balance their water deficits and achieve water safety.China is one of the 13 most water-deficit countries whose water safety have been severely challenged.This paper generalized the recent global research development and made a brief introduction about the methods calculating virtual water content in specific products.As a case study,we qualified China's annual virtual water flows from year 2000 to 2002 with trade in crops,and ended with some policy advice for application and practice of virtual water strategy. | Wang Hongrui1,2,Liu Xinghan3,Dong Yanyan1,2,Wang Junhong1,2 1.College of Water Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China 2.Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences Ministry of Education,Beijing 100875,China 3.College of Economics&Management,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100022,China | 2006 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2006，4，4： | 7 |
| 8 | Effect of typhoon with extreme precipitation on mountain reservoir drinking water treatment: a case study in Ningbo, China显示文摘Due to frequent drinking water pollution accidents in the past decade, it is common that mountain reservoirs were used as the source of drinking water in China. However, some coastal areas frequently suffer from typhoon with extreme precipitation, which results in the water quality deterioration of the reservoirs. The influence of typhoons with extreme precipitation on Jiaokou reservoir and the emergency treatment process of Maojiaping water treatment plant in the past three typical typhoons with extreme precipitation from the year of 2012-2015 were studied. It was found that the degradation of water quality, such as the increase of turbidity and bacteria index, may not merely appear during the events, but last for several days. Changing the dosage of water purification agent, such as coagulant and disinfectant at right time and place may be an efficient emergency water treatment process. Based on the analysis of water quality variation rule during and after the events, it was also found that emergency treatment can be fully prepared before the arrival of a typhoon with extreme precipitation. And in order to better respond to the typhoon with extreme precipitation, several suggestions are also proposed in this paper as follows: establishing vegetated buffers at right place, such as macrophanerophytes,shrub or herbage, increasing investments in infrastructure management, merging or cancelling the small-scale water treatment plants, preparing adequate water purification agent before the typhoon comes, etc. | Wei Chen Zhengxie Zhou Jianrong He Hui Tao Zhigang Liu | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2017，15，2： | 7 |
| 9 | CGE model-based analysis of the neutralized hybrid carbon policy and its decomposed effects on economic growth,carbon reduction,and energy utilization costs显示文摘The hybrid policy is a flexible policy tool that combines features of carbon trading and carbon taxation.Its economic and environmental effects under China's background are still not studied in detail.Given the exogenous carbon reduction targets,carbon prices,and carbon tax-rates,by computable general equilibrium modeling methods and factor decomposition methods,this article investigates direct and cascaded effects of the hybrid policy on economic growth,energy utilization,and carbon emission on the national level and the sector level,with China's national input-output data-set.Stepwisely,policy scenarios with irrational estimated results are selectively excluded based on comprehensive evaluation among economic,carbon reduction and other policy targets.As a result,against national economic conditions in 2007,the hybrid policy,with a carbon reduction target of -10%,a carbon tax-rate of around $10,and a ceiling carbon price of $40,is highly recommended,because of its significant lower economic loss,lower energy utilization cost,and practical robustness against fluctuation of energy market and carbon market.Furthermore,by decomposition analysis,carbon reduction-related costs are decomposed into a direct part that includes carbon allowance price and carbon tax,and an indirect part as the energy price incremental induced by direct carbon costs.Gross carbon reduction may be decomposed into three parts such as energy intensity,economic scale,and technical progress.And,carbon taxation is the main policy tool that stimulates to improve the energy efficiency. | Rui Sun Dan Kuang | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2015，13，1： | 7 |
| 10 | Can environmental regulation promote industrial innovation and productivity?Based on the strong and weak Porter hypothesis显示文摘This paper constructed extended CDM model to study the effects of environmental regulation on industrial innovation and productivity based on the perspective of strong and weak 'Porter hypothesis',by using 28 manufacturing industry panel data of 2003-2014. The findings reveal that:(1) the impact of environmental regulation on R&D intensity lags behind. In the long run,environmental regulation intensity has a significant role in promoting R&D investment in manufacturing industry.(2) The R&D has a significant role in promoting the substantial innovation of manufacturing industry, and has a strong lag and continuity. However, the R&D intensity has no obvious effect on strategic innovation of manufacturing industry.(3) The substantial innovation doesn't significantly promote the economic performance of manufacturing industry, but it has a significant role in promoting the energy performance of manufacturing industry, and the substantial innovation plays a significant role in promoting environmental performance in the long term. The strategic innovation significantly promotes the economic performance of manufacturing industry, and it inhibits the energy performance and has no significant effect on environmental performance in the short term. It can promote the energy performance of manufacturing industry, but significantly inhibit environmental performance in the long term.(4) Environmental regulation has significantly suppressed the substantive innovation and strategic innovation of manufacturing industry, and the weak Porter hypothesis has not yet been supported. In the short term, environmental regulation inhibits manufacturing economic performance, but it can promote energy and environmental performance. In the long run, environmental regulation promotes the economic and energy performance of manufacturing industry, but it inhibits environmental performance. The establishment of strong Porter hypothesis has a certain scenario. | Baolong Yuan Kun Zhang | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2017，15，4： | 7 |
| 11 | UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development(2005-2014)显示文摘 | UNESCO documents by Mr. Chen Kun | 2005 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2005，3，2： | 6 |
| 12 | Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis on Regional Economic Disparity of Northeast Economic Region in China显示文摘Popular regional inequality indexes such as variation coefficient and Gini coefficient can only reveal overall inequality, and have limited ability in revealing spatial dependence or spatial agglomeration. Recently some methods of exploratory spatial data analysis such as spatial autocorrelation have provided effective tools to analyze spatial agglomeration and cluster, which can reveal the pattern of regional inequality. This article attempts to use spatial autocorrelation at county level to get refined spatial pattern of regional disparity in Chinese northeast economic region over 2000-2006 (2001 absent). The result indicates that the basic trend of regional economy is an increasing concentration of growth among counties in northeast economic region, and there are two geographical clusters of poorer counties including the counties in western Liaoning Province and adjacent counties in Inner Mongolia, poorer counties of Heihe, Qiqihar and Suihua in Heilongjiang Province. This article also reveals that we can use the methods of exploratory spatial data analysis as the supplementary analysis methods in regional economic analysis. | Li Fei Zhou Chenghu | 2009 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2009，7，2： | 6 |
| 13 | Integrated Water and CGE Model of the Impacts of Water Policy on the Beijing's Economy and Output显示文摘The article used general equilibrium model to analyze the change of gross domestic product and industry output affected by water resources policies in Beijing City by using GEMPACK soft tool.The article researches on rules of water supply and demand,evaluating water resources,building water resources input and output table,establishing water computable general equilibrium model and stimulating water policy.The stimulation gives a scenario that increases water price by 10%.The result shows the following aspects.First,water resources policy infects gross domestic product and industry output in different ways.There are different behaviors in different industries as to the water policy. Agriculture industry has the same tendency as water price change and it has more sensitive to water quantity than to water price.For basic energy industries such as oil and chemistry and gas,they show diversity tendency.As to some high water consumer industry such as paper and textile etc.,water resource economic policy can infect them greatly and can promote them to accomplish more water-saving technology.Waste water and construction and service industries show the same tendency as to water policy.Second,government should pay more attention to water resource policy by macro economic administration.The simulation also shows that the output and supply and consumer price change more than expect as to water policy in a free market economic in water industry.So as to a government policy maker,one should be more carefully and prepare suitable forecast and plan to water policy and its negative impact. | Xia Jun Deng Qun Sun Yangbo | 2010 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2010，8，2： | 6 |
| 14 | Arsenic in Drinking Water and Its Removal显示文摘Superfluous arsenic in drinking water can do harm to human health. In this paper, a broad overview of the available technologies for arsenic removal has been presented on the basis of literature survey. The main treatment methods included coagulation-sedimentation, adsorption separation and ion exchange, membrane technique, which have both advantages and disadvantages. It concluded that the selection of treatment process should be site specific and prevailing conditions and no process can serve the purpose under diverse conditions as each technology has its own limitations. In order to gain good results, some methods should be improved. | Liu Zhenzhong Deng Huiping Zhan Jian | 2007 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2007，5，3： | 6 |
| 15 | Distributional dynamic and trend evolution of China's agricultural carbon emissions-an analysis on panel data of 31 provinces from 2002 to 2011显示文摘Researching the dynamic distribution characteristics and trend evolution of agricultural carbon emissions is of considerable significance in formulating an effective agricultural carbon reduction policy.Based on measurement of agricultural carbon emissions of 31 provinces over the period 2002-2011,the study observed regional differences and the dynamic evolution of distribution of agricultural carbon emissions using agricultural carbon intensity as the indicator,accompanied by Gini coefficients and the kernel density estimation method.The results demonstrate first that agricultural carbon emissions for China show an obvious nonequilibrium nature in regard to spatial distribution.According to the differences in agricultural carbon emissions dynamic trends,we divided the 31 regions into four types- continuous decline,fluctuating decline,continuous increase,and fluctuating increase.Further,agricultural carbon emissions intensity showed a downward trend with significant differences in the research areas.Second,the gap in spatial distribution of national agricultural carbon emissions is gradually expanding based on the results calculated by Gini coefficient.From the perception of regional differences in agricultural carbon emissions,the eastern region showed an average level,the gap was more obvious in the central region,while western region showed a trend of fluctuating downward.Third,according to estimation by kernel density,the regional disparity in agricultural carbon emissions had a downward,but limited,trend.In regard to agricultural carbon emissions over the three areas,the regional gap not only tended to decrease but also showed a 'four way' differentiation phenomenon in the eastern region.The difference in the central region difference was narrower.On the whole,the gap for the western region reduced steadily over a small range. | Yun Tian Junbiao Zhang Qiqi Chen | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2015，13，3： | 6 |
| 16 | The Factor Decomposition on Carbon Emission of China——Based on LMDI Decomposition Technology显示文摘Carbon emission is the current hot issue of global concern. How to assess various contributing factors for carbon emission is of great importance to find out the key factors and promote carbon emission reduction. In this paper, the author constructs an identical equation for carbon emission, based on the economic aggregate, the economic structure, the efficiency of energy utilization, the structure of energy consumption, and the coefficient of carbon emission; by applying to LMDI decomposition technology, the author analyzes the carbon emission of China from 1995 to 2007 at industrial level and regional level. The results show that the expansion of economic aggregate is the main reason for China' s rapidly increasing carbon emission and the increase of energy utilization efficiency is the key factor that can hold back the increase of carbon emission. In addition, the change of industrial structure or regional structure and the change of traditional energy structure have limited influence on the carbon emission, and their potentials have not yet been exploited. At the end of this paper, the author proposes the efforts that China should make to reduce carbon emission. | Guo Chaoxian | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2011，9，1： | 6 |
| 17 | Legislation on protection of drinking water sources and local management practices in the Pearl River Delta region of China显示文摘The protection of drinking water sources is vital to urban development and public health.In this study,the current situation of the mandatory protection area for drinking water source in the Pearl River Delta region was investigated using a method combining Google Earth with the field survey.The gaps between management practices and legislation requirements were analyzed.Finally,several countermeasures for water resource protection were proposed as follows:to promote delineation in a more scientific way,to safeguard the sanctity of the law,to make better plan on water saving,and to encourage public participation in supervision and management. | Zhigang Wang Yang Liu Yingzhi Li Peng Zhao Jiangyu Yu | 2016 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2016，16，2： | 6 |
| 18 | International experience of green development in Western China:an overall review of policy and practice显示文摘Green development emphasizes co-development between economic and environmental dimensions,and is a peoplecentered sustainable development approach.Western China demands green development,and international experience could provide necessary,unique and important help and support for Western China to achieve its green development goals.This paper has made a comprehensive overall review and analysis of international experience in green development policy and its implementation,in particular,OECD countries'(mostly Australia and Canada) experience have been analyzed following the major policy foci defined by the Task Force on Strategy and Policies on Environment and Development in Western China initiated by China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development(CCICED).Data and information were gathered from the field surveys and investigations,expert meetings,as well as literature review.The main sessions include policy framework and road map establishment,implementation and performance assessment,co-development between economic development and environmental protection,as well as green employment and poverty alleviation.The paper has addressed five policy considerations for the future promotion of green development in Western China. | Lin Zhen Jie Hu Bingzhen Du Jiyuan Liu Chuanzhun Sun Ruizi Wu Xin Long Qiang Zhang | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2015，13，4： | 5 |
| 19 | Using ADMS models for Air Quality Assessment and Management in China显示文摘ADMS-Urban is the most widely used advanced dispersion model for urban areas, being used extensively in China and worldwide, providing a practical tool for assessing and managing urban air quality. In this paper we briefly describe the ADMS dispersion models and give an overview of their use in China. And it describes in more detail the use of ADMS-Urban in Fushun in Liaoning province and in Jinan in Shangdong province respectively, for studies of urban air quality. Finally the conclusions are presented. | Christine McHugh David Carruthers | 2005 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2005，3，3： | 5 |
| 20 | Technological innovation paths toward green industry in China显示文摘With the environmental carrying capacity reaching its limits and the decreasing margin benefits of traditional production factors, the green transformation and green development through technological innovations has been a major direction for the future development of Chinese industries. However, the characteristics and heterogeneities of various types of industries call for different approaches regarding technological innovations. How to choose the most effective mode of technological innovation according to the characteristics of a certain industry has been a key issue. This paper measures the green total factor productivity of 32 industrial trades using the Slacks Based Measure(SBM)-DDF method. The effects of three innovation modes in the green transformation of industrial industry, including the independent innovation(Ⅱ), the technology introduction(TI), and the government support(GS), are empirically analyzed based on industry heterogeneity. Results indicate that the green total factor productivities of different industries show significant differences if taking into account the energy input and the undesirable output of pollutant emissions. The green total factor productivities of traditional high input,high pollution, and high energy consumption industrial trades were significantly lower than those with obvious green features. The year of 2009 is a leap year for the industrial green transformation in China. For resource-intensive industries, the II and the GS are the important ways to achieve green transformation. For labor-intensive industries, the TI is the best path to achieve green transformation, while for technology-intensive industries, the II is the primary driving force for the promotion of green developments. In addition, the innovation-compensating effect of the current Chinese environmental regulations to the resource-intensive industries has been revealed. Improving the overall scale and the industrial concentration of the industries is also beneficial for the green transformation of the industries. | Tong Zhang Hongfei Yue Jing Zhou Hao Wang | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2018，16，2： | 5 |
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