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| 1 | 太行山南段符山高镁闪长岩的成因——拆沉陆壳物质熔融的熔体与地幔橄榄岩反应的结果显示文摘本文对太行山南段符山高镁闪长岩进行了年代学与地球化学研究,结合其中地幔橄榄岩包体的研究,对符山高镁闪长岩的成因和中生代岩石圈地幔的性质进行了探讨。研究表明,符山闪长岩体是由一套含橄榄石角闪闪长岩-角闪闪长岩-闪长岩构成。含橄榄岩包体的寄主岩——角闪闪长岩中的锆石可划分为两种:一是代表寄主岩浆结晶的锆石:内部结构均匀、呈条带状吸收、自形-半自形晶形,具有较高的Th/U比值(1.10~4.08),其^(206)Pb/^(238)U年龄介于123~128Ma之间,12个点的加权平均值为125±1Ma,这表明岩体的形成时代为早白垩世;二是捕获或继承锆石:具有核边结构、吸收程度不均匀、呈浑圆状和自形-半自形两种,它们的Th/U比值介于0.32~2.03之间,构成了3组^(207)Pb/^(206)Pb加权平均年龄:2503±11Ma、2181±26Ma和1778±36Ma。该类岩石的SiO_2和MgO含量分别介于56.69%~59.21%和3.60%~6.33%之间;且以高Mg~#(0.51~0.64)、富Na(Na_2O/K_2O大于1)、高Cr(93.1×10^(-6)~420×10^(-6))、Ni(35.1×10^(-6)~137×10^(-6))为特征。该类岩石强烈富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素、明显亏损高场强元素,(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)_i、ε_(Nd)(t)值和(^(206)Pb/^(204)Pb)_i分别变化于0.70581~0.70641、-8.30~-16.56和17.052~17.512之间。综合上述特征,同时结合地慢橄榄岩包体的特征和古元古代捕获锆石的大量存在,认为符山高镁闪长岩的原始岩浆起源于拆沉陆壳物质的部分熔融,其后经历了与地幔橄榄岩的反应过程。 | 许文良 杨德彬 裴福萍 于洋 | 2009 | 岩石学报2009，25，8： | 39 |
| 2 | Crop Phenomics and High-Throughput Phenotyping:Past Decades,Current Challenges,and Future Perspectives显示文摘Since whole-genome sequencing of many crops has been achieved,crop functional genomics studies have stepped into the big-data and high-throughput era.However,acquisition of large-scale phenotypic data has become one of the major bottlenecks hindering crop breeding and functional genomics studies.Nevertheless,recent technological advances provide us potential solutions to relieve this bottleneck and to explore advanced methods for large-scale phenotyping data acquisition and processing in the coming years.In this article,we review the major progress on high-throughput phenotyping in controlled environments and field conditions as well as its use for post-harvest yield and quality assessment in the past decades.We then discuss the latest multi-omics research combining high-throughput phenotyping with genetic studies.Finally,we propose some conceptual challenges and provide our perspectives on how to bridge the phenotype-genotype gap.It is no doubt that accurate high-throughput phenotyping will accelerate plant genetic improvements and promote the next green revolution in crop breeding. | Wanneng Yang Hui Feng Xuehai Zhang Jian Zhang John H.Doonan William David Batchelor Lizhong Xiong Jianbing Yan | 2020 | Molecular Plant2020，13，2： | 38 |
| 3 | Contemporary crustal movement of continental China obtained by global positioning system(GPS) measurements显示文摘We obtain a unified horizontal velocity field of continental China and vicinity through measurements at 81 GPS stations provided by the National Key Infrastructure Project, Crustal Movement Observation Network of China. The velocity field delineates patterns of movements and deformation of active crustal blocks in continental China under the Eurasia-fixed reference frame. The space-based geodesy also clearly shows for the first time the horizontal movementand deformation of continental China induced by indentation of the Indian plate. The data provide kinematic constraints for simulating dynamic process of continental litho-spheric deformation. | MA Zongjin, CHEN Xinlian, YE Shuhua, LAI Xian, WEI Ziqing, CHEN Junrong, NING Jinsheng, XU Huoze & DING Guoyu1. Insitute of Geology, China Seismological Bureau, Beijing 100029, China (e-mail: disgroup@publi.bta.net.cn)2. Center for Analysis and Prediction, China Seismological Bureau, Beijing 100036, China 3. Shanghai Astronomic Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China 4. Institute of Seismology, China Seismological Bureau, Wuhan 430077, China 5. Institute of Survey and Mapping, Xi’an 710054, China 6. National Bureau of Survey and Mapping, Beijing 100830, China 7. Wuhan University, Wuhan 430077, China 8. Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Wuhan 430077, China 9. China Seismological Bureau, Beijing 100036, China | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，18： | 34 |
| 4 | Source mechanism of small-moderate earthquakes and tectonic stress field in Yunnan Province显示文摘In the paper, source mechanisms of 33 small-moderate earthquakes occurred in Yunnan are determined by modeling of regional waveforms from Yunnan digital seismic network. The result shows that most earthquakes occurred within or near the Chuandian rhombic block have strike-slip mechanism. The orientations of maximum compressive stresses obtained from source mechanism are changed from NNW-SSN to NS in the areas from north to south of the block, and tensile stresses are mainly in ENE-WSW or NE-SE. In the eastern Tibetan Plateau, the orientations of maximum compressive stress radiate toward outside from the plateau, and the tensile stress orientations mostly parallel to arc structures. Near 28°N the orientations of both maximum compressive stress and tensile stress changed greatly, and the boundary seems to correspond to the southwestern extended line of Longmenshan fault. Outside of the Chuandian rhombic block, the orientations of P and T axes are some different from those within the block. The comparison shows that the source mechanism of small-moderate events presented in the paper is consistence with that of moderate-strong earthquakes determined by Harvard University, which means the source mechanism of small-moderate events can be used to study the tectonic stress field in this region. | WU Jian-ping(吴建平) MING Yue-hong(明跃红) WANG Chun-yong(王椿镛) | 2004 | Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition)2004，17，5： | 25 |
| 5 | 旱稻田杂草的发生及除草剂的筛选研究显示文摘旱稻田杂草的发生是影响旱稻产量的一个重要因素。为明确旱稻田杂草发生规律和筛选合适的旱稻田除草剂,调查了旱稻田杂草的发生情况,并进行了5种常用除草剂达93.3%的防治剂量及复配药效试验。结果表明:旱稻田杂草种类多、数量大,播后20 d是杂草萌发高峰期。3 000~3 150 mL/hm2旱稻除草剂1号和3 750 mL/hmm2农思它对旱稻田杂草的防除效果达93.39%。2种除草剂之间相互复配的效果都不好。多种除草剂复配可采用旱稻除草剂1号+丁草胺+农思它、旱稻除草剂1号+丁草胺+二甲四氯、旱稻除草剂1号+农思它+果尔,此3种方案防效较好,防效均达95%以上。 | 李俊周 王晓飞 张静 杜彦修 赵全志 | 2010 | 河南农业科学2010，39，12： | 26 |
| 6 | Isolation of recombinant field strains of Marek's disease virus integrated with reticuloendotheliosis virus genome fragments显示文摘Two Marek's disease virus (MDV) field strains were isolated from chickens with tumors independently from Guangdong and Guangxi provinces, and it was confirmed that there were no co-infections with reticuloendotheliosis viruses (REV) in chicken embryo fibroblast cells (CEF) in indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFA) with REV-specific monoclonal antibodies. By dot blot hybridization and PCR of genomic DNA of MDV-infected CEF, it was indicated that LTR fragments of REV genome were integrated into genome of these two MDV field strains. To amplify and clone the integrated REV LTR with MDV sequence at the junction, 4 primers from REV LTR and 7 primers from MDV genome fragment with REV LTR insertion hot points were synthesized and 28 (4x7) pairs of primers (one from REV and another from MDV for each pair) were used in PCR while using the genomic DNA of both strains as the templates. The sequence data demonstrated that both recombinant field strains contained the same REV LTR inserted into MDV at the identical sites in US fragment of the genomes. From the above, it was speculated that both recombinant field MDVs were originated from a same recombinant virus and spread among chicken flocks in two provinces. | ZHANG Zhi CUI Zhizhong | 2005 | Science China(Life Sciences)2005，48，1： | 24 |
| 7 | O-FIB:far-field-induced near-field breakdown for direct nanowriting in an atmospheric environment显示文摘Nanoscale surface texturing,drilling,cutting,and spatial sculpturing,which are essential for applications,including thin-film solar cells,photonic chips,antireflection,wettability,and friction drag reduction,require not only high accuracy in material processing,but also the capability of manufacturing in an atmospheric environment.Widely used focused ion beam(FIB)technology offers nanoscale precision,but is limited by the vacuum-working conditions;therefore,it is not applicable to industrial-scale samples such as ship hulls or biomaterials,e.g.,cells and tissues.Here,we report an optical far-field-induced near-field breakdown(O-FIB)approach as an optical version of the conventional FIB technique,which allows direct nanowriting in air.The writing is initiated from nanoholes created by femtosecondlaser-induced multiphoton absorption,and its cutting“knife edge”is sharpened by the far-field-regulated enhancement of the optical near field.A spatial resolution of less than 20 nm(λ/40,withλbeing the light wavelength)is readily achieved.O-FIB is empowered by the utilization of simple polarization control of the incident light to steer the nanogroove writing along the designed pattern.The universality of near-field enhancement and localization makes O-FIB applicable to various materials,and enables a large-area printing mode that is superior to conventional FIB processing. | Zhen-Ze Li Lei Wang Hua Fan Yan-Hao Yu Qi-Dai Chen Saulius Juodkazis Hong-Bo Sun | 2020 | Light(Science & Applications)2020，9，1： | 24 |
| 8 | Natural gas origins of large and medium-scale gas fields in China sedimentary basins显示文摘China sedimentary basins present abundant natural gas resource thanks to its unique geological settings.Marine highly-matured hydrocarbon source rocks,widespread coal-measure strata and low temperature Quaternary saline strata,etc.,indicate the wide foreground of China natural gas resources. Up to now,most of the petroliferous basins have been discovered to have wholesale natural gas accumulation from Precambrian,Paleozoic,Mesozoic to Cenozoic in the east,the central,the west and the coast of China.These large and medium-scale gas reservoirs are mainly composed of hydrocarbon gas with big dry coefficient,tiny non-hydrocarbon,wide carbon isotope distribution and varying origin types,the hydrocarbon gas includes coal-formed gas,oil-formed gas,biogenic gas and inorganic gas, etc.Coal-formed gas is the main type of China natural gas resources,in particular several explored large-scale gas fields(>100 billion cubic meter)of Kela 2,Sulige and Daniudi,etc.,they all belong to coal-formed gas fields or the gas fields consisting mostly of coal-formed gas.Oil-formed gas is also abundant in China marine basins,for example marine natural gas of Sichuan Basin generated from crude oil cracking gas.Primary and secondary biogenic gas fields were discovered respectively in the Qaidam Basin and Western Slope of Songliao Basin.In addition,inorganic gases are mainly distributed in the eastern China,in particular the Songliao Basin with abundant carbon dioxide accumulation,indicating that the eastern China present large exploration potential of inorganic gas. | ZHANG ShuiChang &ZHU GuangYou Research Center of Research Institutes of PetroChina Exploration and Development,Beijing 100083,China | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，S1： | 21 |
| 9 | The Inference of Magmatic Heat Source Beneath the Rehai (Hot Sea) Field of Tengchong From the Result of Magnetotelluric Sounding显示文摘1 Geothermal Geology The Rehai (Hot Sea) geothermal field is at 24°57.5′N and 98°26.5′E in amountainous (1400-1800 m) area, approximately 18 km southwest of TengchongTown. The Rehai field has noticeable surface manifestations including boiling springsand fumaroles with a maximum temperature of about 96℃. The thermal springsdischarge water of the sodium-chloride-bicarbonate type with TDS of 2. 8 g/l and SiO2of 450 mg/l. By geothermometers, the reservoir temperature is generally 23O℃. | 白登海 廖志杰 赵国泽 王绪本 | 1994 | Chinese Science Bulletin1994，39，7： | 19 |
| 10 | The formation mechanism of high-quality dolomite reservoir in the deep of Puguang Gas Field显示文摘The discovery of Puguang Gas Field provides the exploration of China deep marine carbonate rock with important references.In Puguang Gas Field,the dolomite reservoirs discovered in the deep are the best in the present of China,which present big thickness and wide-range distribution,and develop abundant secondary porosity.The researches show that Puguang Gas Field bears the characteristics of early gas-filling time,deep burial,high matured organic matter and long-term interaction of hydrocarbon(oil and gas)-water-rock(carbonate reservoir).The developments of secondary pores in this area are affected by multiple diagenesis and their formation mechanisms are complicated.Through the research on depositional environment,sedimentary facies and reservoir porosity characters of Changxing and Feixianguan Formations,it is thought that high-quality dolomite reservoirs of Puguang Gas Field form on the favorable sedimentary facies belts,which are the integrate result affected by several factors including superficial corrosion,burial corrosion,overpressure and tectonic movement,among which burial corrosion of TSR to reservoir and overpressure formed by thermal evolution of organic matter have great effect on the formation of secondary porosity of Changxing and Feixianguan Formations. | MA YongSheng 1 ,GUO TongLou 1 ,ZHAO XueFeng 2 &CAI XunYu 1 1 Southern Exploration&Production Company,Sinopec,Kunming 650200,China 2 China University of Mining and Technology,Beijing 100083,China | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，S1： | 19 |
| 11 | Optically stimulated luminescence dating of aeolian sand in the Otindag dune field and Holocene climate change显示文摘The dune system in Otindag sand field of northern China is sensitive to climate change, where effective moisture and related vegetation cover play a controlling role for dune activity and stability. Therefore, aeolian deposits may be an archive of past environmental changes, possibly at the millennial scale, but previous studies on this topic have rarely been reported. In this study, thirty-five optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages of ten representative sand-paleosol profiles in Otindag sand field are ob-tained, and these ages provide a relatively complete and well-dated chronology for wet and dry varia-tions in Holocene. The results indicate that widespread dune mobilization occurred from 9.9 to 8.2 ka, suggesting a dry early Holocene climate. The dunes were mainly stabilized between 8.0 and 2.7 ka, implying a relatively wet climate, although there were short-term penetrations of dune activity during this wet period. After ~2.3 ka, the region became dry again, as inferred from widespread dune activity. The '8.2 ka' cold event and the Little Ice Age climatic deterioration are detected on the basis of the dune records and OSL ages. During the Medieval Warm Period and the Sui-Tang Warm Period (570-770 AD), climate in Otindag sand field was relatively humid and the vegetation was denser, and the sand dunes were stabilized again. These aeolian records may indicate climate changes at millennial time scale during Holocene, and these climatic changes may be the teleconnection to the climate changes elsewhere in the world. | Joseph MASON James SWINEHART Ronald GOBLE | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，6： | 18 |
| 12 | Geological constraints of giant and medium-sized gas fields in Kuqa Depression显示文摘There is a gas-rich and well-charged petroleumsystem in the Kuqa Depression where Triassic and Jurassicsource rocks play important roles. Distributed in an area ofmore than 10000 km and with a thickness of up to 1000 m,they are composed of dark mudstones, carbonaceous mud-stones and coal seams containing 6%, 40% and 90% of TOC,respectively, and are mainly the humic organic matter. Ashigh-quality regional cap rocks, the Neogene and Eogenegypsum rocks and gypseous mudstones matched well withthe underlying Neogene and Cretaceous-Eogene sandstones.They have formed the most favorable reservoir-seal assem-blages in the Kuqa Depression. Also the Jurassic sandstonesand mudstones formed another favorable reservoir-seal as-semblage. The traps are shaped late in the fold-thrust belt,mainly fixed in the Tertiary-Quaternary, where ten structurestyles have been distinguished. These traps spread as a zonein N-S, are scattered like a segmental line in W-E and showtier-styled vertically. The best traps are gypsum-salt coveredfault-bend anticlines related to the passive roof duplex. Thispetroleum system is characterized by late accumulation. Inthe early Himalayan Movement, mainly gas condensate andoil accumulated and were distributed in the outer circularregion of the kitchen; whereas in the middle and late Hima-layan the gas accumulations mainly formed and were dis-tributed in the inner circular region near the kitchen. Theoverpressure of gas pools is common and is formed by sealcapacity of thick gypsum layers, extensive tectonic compres-sion and large uplift. The well-preserved anticline traps un-derlying the high-quality regional cap rocks of the Tertiarygypsum rocks and gypseous mudstones are the main targetsfor the discovery of giant and medium-sized gas fields. Aboveconclusions are important for the petroleum geology theoryand the exploration of the fold-thrust belt in foreland basinsin central and western China. | JIA Chengzao GU Jiayu ZHANG Guangya | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，S1： | 17 |
| 13 | κ-卡拉胶比例对明胶凝胶体系凝胶特性、水分分布及微观结构的影响显示文摘论文采用质地剖面(texture profile analysis,TPA)/穿刺分析、低场核磁场共振(low-field nuclear magnetic resonance,LF-NMR)、计算机断层扫描技术(computed tomography,CT)和流变仪研究了κ-卡拉胶的比例对明胶凝胶的凝胶强度、质构特性、水分分布、动态黏弹性和微观结构的影响,并分析了几者之间的相关性。结果表明:随κ-卡拉胶比例的增加,混合凝胶体系的凝胶强度、硬度、咀嚼性、胶凝温度及熔化温度相对增大,弹性及内聚性降低,黏性和回复性先下降后上升;凝胶网络结构趋向于致密、均匀;结合水比例(S_(21))下降,不易流动水比例(S_(22))相对增加,且当体系中κ-卡拉胶的比例逐渐增加至50%时,单组份弛豫时间(T_(2W))及不易流动水的弛豫时间(T_(22))的减小较为明显,而结合水的弛豫时间(T21)变化相对较小;相关性分析表明,凝胶强度、硬度、咀嚼性与S_(21)负相关,与S_(22)、T21正相关。弹性与S_(21)、T_(22)和T_(2W)正相关,与S_(22)负相关。内聚性与T_(22)和T_(2W)正相关。研究可为明胶-κ-卡拉胶复配胶在食品中的应用提供理论支持。 | 郭琦 王欣 刘宝林 | 2019 | 食品与发酵工业2019，45，9： | 17 |
| 14 | Probabilistic stability analyses of undrained slopes by 3D random fields and finite element methods显示文摘A long slope consisting of spatially random soils is a common geographical feature. This paper examined the necessity of three-dimensional(3 D) analysis when dealing with slope with full randomness in soil properties. Although 3 D random finite element analysis can well reflect the spatial variability of soil properties, it is often time-consuming for probabilistic stability analysis. For this reason, we also examined the least advantageous(or most pessimistic) cross-section of the studied slope. The concept of'most pessimistic' refers to the minimal cross-sectional average of undrained shear strength. The selection of the most pessimistic section is achievable by simulating the undrained shear strength as a 3 D random field. Random finite element analysis results suggest that two-dimensional(2 D) plane strain analysis based the most pessimistic cross-section generally provides a more conservative result than the corresponding full 3 D analysis. The level of conservativeness is around 15% on average. This result may have engineering implications for slope design where computationally tractable 2 D analyses based on the procedure proposed in this study could ensure conservative results. | Yong Liu Wengang Zhang Lei Zhang Zhiren Zhu Jun Hu Hong Wei | 2018 | Geoscience Frontiers2018，9，6： | 17 |
| 15 | Depth distribution of Moho and tectonic framework in eastern Asian continent and its adjacent ocean areas显示文摘With the results of interpretation of seismic sounding profiles acquired in the past 30 years in the continent of China and its adjacent countries and ocean regions, such as Russia, Ka-zakhstan, Japan, India, Pakistan, Philippine ocean basin, Pacific and Indian Ocean, we compiled a 2D Moho distribution map for the continent and its adjacent areas of eastern Asia. From the fea-tures of depth distribution and undulation of Moho, it is suggested that the eastern Asian region can be divided into 18 gradient belts with different sizes, 18 crustal blocks, 20 sediment basins and depression zones. The depth of Moho varies smoothly in each block, while the boundary (separat-ing different blocks) delineates the abrupt variation of Moho depth. Then, some subjects,such as oregen and sediment basin, fault system and rift, plate boundary, ocean-continent coupling and tectonic framework, are discussed based on the distribution gradient belts and block partition fea-tures of Moho depth in the eastern Asia and its adjacent regions. | 滕吉文 曾融生 闫雅芬 张慧 | 2003 | Science China Earth Sciences2003，46，5： | 16 |
| 16 | Migration and accumulation of natural gas in Kela-2 gas field显示文摘With the guidance of petroleum system theory,the dynamic filling history of natural gas in the Kela-2 gasfield is analyzed by using a large suite of oil and gas geo-chemistry evidence in combination with the tectonic evolu-tion history and reservoir evolution history. It concludes thatthe Kela-2 gas field was formed by capturing the gas gener-ated during the main gas generation period, while the latekerogen cracking gas contributed a little to the gas field. Itsuggests that the gas generated during the main gas genera-tion accumulated in the early-formed wide-gentle anticline,which is the necessary condition for natural gas to re-migrateand enrich late to form the large-scale gas reservoir. Thenewest research shows that the filling history of gas in theDabei-1, Yinan-2, Tuziluoke and Dina-2 gas fields was re-lated with the natural gas accumulation in the early wide-gentle anticline as well as late re-migration and enrichmentof natural gas. | WANG Zhaoming WANG Tingdong XIAO Zhongyao XU Zhiming LI Mei LIN Feng | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，S1： | 16 |
| 17 | Regional stress field in Yunnan revealed by the focal mechanisms of moderate and small earthquakes显示文摘We determined focal mechanism solutions of 627 earthquakes of magnitude M ≥ 3.0 in Yunnan from January 2008 to May 2018 by using broadband waveforms recorded by 287 permanent and temporary regional stations. The results clearly revealed predominantly strike-slip faulting characteristics for earthquakes in Yunnan, with focal depths concentrated in the top 10 km of the crust. The earthquake mechanisms obtained were combined with the global centroid moment tensor solutions of 80 additional earthquakes from 1976 to 2016 to invert for the regional variations of stress field orientation by using a damped regional-scale stress inversion scheme.Results of the stress field inversion confirmed that the Yunnan region is under a strike–slip stress regime, with both maximum and minimum stress axes being nearly horizontal. The maximum compressional axes are primarily oriented in a northwest-southeast direction, and they experience a clockwise rotation from north to south, whereas the maximum extensional axes are oriented largely northeast-southwest. The maximum compressional axes are in line with the global positioning system–inferred horizontal velocity field and the southeastward escape of the Sichuan–Yunnan Rhombic Block, whereas the maximum extensional axes are consistent with anisotropy derived from SKS splitting. Against the strike–slip background, normal faulting stress regimes can be seen in the Tengchong volcanic area as well as in other areas with complex crisscrossing fault zones. | JianHui Tian Yan Luo Li Zhao | 2019 | Earth and Planetary Physics2019，3，3： | 16 |
| 18 | Artificially triggered lightning and its characteristic discharge parameters in two severe thunderstorms显示文摘The lightning-induced-damages in the mid-latitude regions are usually caused during severe thunder-storms. But the discharge parameters of natural lightning are difficult to be measured. Five lightning flashes have been artificially triggered with the rocket-wire technique during the passage of two severe thunderstorms. The discharge current and close electric field of return stroke in artificially triggered lightning have been obtained in microsecond time resolution by using current measuring systems and electric field change sensors. The results show that the five triggered lightning flashes include 1 to 10 return strokes, and the average return stroke current is 11.9 kA with a maximum of 21.0 kA and a mini-mum of 6.6 kA, similar to the subsequent return strokes in natural lightning. The half peak width of the current waveform is 39 μs, which is much larger than the usual result. The peak current of stroke Ip (kA) and the neutralized charge Q(C) has a relationship of Ip = 18.5Q0.65. The radiation field of return stroke is 5.9 kV·m-1 and 0.39 kV·m-1 at 60 m and 550 m, respectively. The radiation field decreases as r -1.119 with increase of horizontal distance r from the discharge channel. Based on the well-accepted transmission line model, the speed of return stroke is estimated to be about 1.4×108 m·s-1, with a variation range of (1.1―1.6)×108 m·s-1. Because of the similarities of the triggered lightning and natural lightning, the results in this article can be used in the protection design of natural lightning. | QIE XiuShu ZHANG QiLin ZHOU YunJun FENG GuiLi ZHANG TingLong YANG Jing KONG XiangZhen XIAO QingFu WU ShuJun | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，8： | 16 |
| 19 | A laboratory test of the electrification phenomenon in wind-blown sand flux显示文摘The measured data in the wind-tunnel tests show that the wind-blown sand particles acquired a negative charge when their diameters are smaller than 250 μm and positive charge when their diameters are larger than 500 μm, which confirms Latham’s assumption that the large particles in wind-blown sand flux acquired positive charge while negative charge developed on small ones. In the meanwhile, the measured data also show that the average charge-to-mass ratio for wind-blown sand particles decreases with the increase of the particle diameter and the wind velocity, and increases with the rise of height. The electric field in wind-blown sand flux is mainly formed by the moving charged sand particles. Its direction is vertical to the Earth’s surface and upward, which is opposite to that of the fair-weather field. The electric field increases with wind velocity and height increasing. These experimental results will lay the foundation for developing the theoretical analysis of the electrification phenomenon in | Ning Huang Xiaojing Zheng | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，5： | 16 |
| 20 | Recent progress on ULF wave and its interactions with energetic particles in the inner magnetosphere显示文摘The global distribution properties of Ultra Low Frequency wave (ULF) in the inner magnetospgere and its interactions with energetic particles, such as the wave-particle resonance, modulation, and particle acceleration, are active topics in space physics research. These problems are fundamentally important issues to understand the energy transport from the solar wind into the magnetosphere. In this paper we briefly reviewed the recent research progress on ULF wave and its interactions with energetic particles in the inner magnetosphere; furthermore, we suggested some open questions for future study. | Theodore A. FRITZ | 2008 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2008，51，10： | 16 |
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