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| 1 | 分布式文件系统FastDFS架构剖析显示文摘今天,人类社会的信息基础设施可以说完全建立在互联网之上,从老百姓的日常生活,到企业内部的管理系统,从电子商务、媒体到政府的运作,都已经离不开互联网。互联网从诞生到现在,网站的规模不断扩大,存储和处理的数据量也远远超出了人们的想象,近年来又出现了对信息实时性、多媒体需求大幅增长的现象,互联网架构面临越来越大的挑战。为了应对这些困难,互联网架构领域也出现了许多新动向:LAM户等开源技术成为主流并开始承担关键任务,越来越多的网站开始采用NoSQL为代表的分布式存储和MapReduce为代表的分布式计算,Restful架构风格、消息队列、数据仓库、负载均衡等技术得到了更多关注。本期封面报道,我们特邀请了来自知名互联网企业和技术厂商的众多资深架构师,为您吹响互联网架构的集结号,全方位分析互联网架构方面的热门技术和实战经验。 | 余庆 | 2010 | 程序员2010，，11： | 21 |
| 2 | Variations in carbon isotope ratios of C_3 plants and distribution of C_4 plants along an altitudinal transect on the eastern slope of Mount Gongga显示文摘Variations in carbon isotopic ratios (δ 13C) of C3 plants and distribution of C4 plants were investigated along an altitudinal transect on the eastern slope of Mount Gongga, and the environmental effects on them were discussed. It is shown that plants with C4 photosynthetic pathway mainly occur at altitudes below 2100 m a.s.l., suggesting that the low summer temperature is responsible for the distributional pattern. In addition, δ 13C of C3 plants increases with elevation at the region above 2000 m a.s.l. with the characteristics of humid climate, and the increase rate in δ 13C for C3 plants is about 1.3‰ per kilometer. Temperature determines the altitudinal trend of δ 13C. | LI JiaZhu1, WANG GuoAn2, LIU XianZhao1, HAN JiaMao3, LIU Min4 & LIU XiaoJuan2 1 College of Geography and Planning, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China 2 Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agri- cultural University, Beijing 100193, China 3 Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China 4 College of Environmental Sciences, MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，11： | 16 |
| 3 | Decoupling Analysis for a Powertrain Mounting System with a Combination of Hydraulic Mounts显示文摘The existing torque roll axis(TRA) decoupling theories for a powertrain mounting system assume that the stiffness and viscous damping properties are constant. However, real-life mounts exhibit considerable spectrally varying stiffness and damping characteristics, and the influence of the spectrally-varying properties of the hydraulic mounts on the powertrain system cannot be ignored. To overcome the deficiency, an analytical quasi-linear model of the hydraulic mount and the coupled properties of the powertrain and hydraulic mounts system are formulated. The influence of the hydraulic mounts on the TRA decoupling of a powertrain system is analytically examined in terms of eigensolutions, frequency, and impulse responses, and then a new analytical axiom is proposed based on the TRA decoupling indices. With the experimental setup of a fixed decoupler hydraulic mount in the context of non-resonant dynamic stiffness testing procedure, the quasi-linear model of the hydraulic mount is verified by comparing the predictions with the measurement. And the quasi-linear formulation of the coupled system is also verified by comparing the frequency responses with the numerical results obtained by the direct inversion method. Finally, the mounting system with a combination of hydraulic mounts is redesigned in terms of the stiffness, damping and mount locations by satisfying the new axiom. The frequency and time domain results of the redesigned system demonstrate that the torque roll axis of the redesigned powertrain mounting system is indeed decoupled in the presence of hydraulic mounts (given oscillating torque or impulsive torque excitation). The proposed research provides an important basis and method for the research on a powertrain system with spectrally-varying mount properties, especially for the TRA decoupling. | HU Jinfang CHEN Wuwei HUANG He | 2013 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2013，26，4： | 6 |
| 4 | 随气候变化塔克拉玛干沙漠碳汇能力逐渐衰弱显示文摘全球碳循环中被长期忽视的沙漠生态系统,可能会封存大量CO2发挥碳汇作用.塔克拉玛干沙漠是世界第二大流动沙漠,其碳汇作用的内部过程以及气候变化下碳汇的长期趋势仍不明确.研究发现,流沙的热量波动引起含CO2的土壤空气的膨胀/收缩和盐碱的化学作用共同控制了塔克拉玛干沙漠流沙CO2交换作用.这些过程的相互作用使得该沙漠流沙表现出明显的碳汇作用(速率为1.60×106 t a-1).如果以塔克拉玛干沙漠流沙的CO2吸收量为平均状态,那么全球流动沙漠每年可吸收CO2约2.125×108 t.但是,随气候变化,流沙温差的增大会刺激流沙中空气膨胀,向大气中注入更多的CO2,导致未来流沙碳汇能力逐渐减少.该发现对于评估全球碳循环、缩小碳失汇差额和重新认识沙漠生态系统在碳循环中的地位具有重要作用. | 杨帆 黄建平 周成龙 杨兴华 买买提艾力 买买提依明 李超凡 潘红林 霍文 于海鹏 刘晓岳 郑新倩 韩东亮 何清 孟露 常俊 | 2020 | Science Bulletin2020，65，6： | 6 |
| 5 | Exploring New City Building Types,Weaving Urban Context:A Case Study on Old City of Jinan显示文摘1. The loss of identities and context: not just a story for one city Located at the north foot of Mount Lishan and to the south of Xiaoqinghe River and Huanghe (Yellow) River, the ' | ZHANG Jie,Professor,School of Architecture,Tsinghua University,Beijing,China DENG Xiangyu,PhD candidate,School of Architecture,Tsinghua University,Beijing,China YUAN Luping,Postgraduate student,School of Architecture,Tsinghua University,Beijing,China.LI Caige | 2006 | China City Planning Review2006，15，2： | 4 |
| 6 | Expression pattern of a β_2 tubulin gene in zebrafish embryos identified by whole mount in situ hybridization显示文摘Zebrafish is a good vertebrate model for development studies. Research on gene expression and regulation during zebrafish embryonic development plays an important role in revealing the molecular mechanism of morphogenesis in vertebrate. Tubulin locates the cytoplasmic determinants in eggs, organizes the formation of basic cytoskeleton and controls various cell movements. There are several types of tubulin, each of which has specific expression regions and functions. In this study, the full_length cDNA of a Xenopus β 2 tubulin was used as template to generate Dig_labeled antisense RNA which was used as a probe to carry out in situ hybridization on whole mount zebrafish embryos. Under the experimental conditions, the tubulin transcript was first detected in a group of cells in embryos at the midblastula stage. With the development of the embryo, this transcript was gradually restricted to the nervous system. These results demonstrate that the expression of this β 2 tubulin gene in zebrafish embryos is neural specific. | LI Shuhong, GUO Shaodong and SUN Fangzhen Institute of Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China | 1998 | Chinese Science Bulletin1998，43，22： | 3 |
| 7 | Accommodation-Free Head Mounted Display with Comfortable 3D Perception and an Enlarged Eye-box显示文摘An accommodation-free displays,also known as Maxwellian displays,keep the displayed image sharp regardless of the viewer’s focal distance.However,they typically sufer from a small eye-box and limited efective feld of view(FOV)which requires careful alignment before a viewer can see the image.Tis paper presents a high-quality accommodation-free head mounted display(aHMD)based on pixel beam scanning for direct image forming on retina.It has an enlarged eye-box and FOV for easy viewing by replicating the viewing points with an array of beam splitters.A prototype aHMD is built using this concept,which shows high defnition,low colour aberration 3D augmented reality(AR)images with an FOV of 36∘.Te advantage of the proposed design over other head mounted display(HMD)architectures is that,due to the narrow,collimated pixel beams,the high image quality is unafected by changes in eye accommodation,and the approach to enlarge the eye-box is scalable.Most importantly,such an aHMD can deliver realistic three-dimensional(3D)viewing perception with no vergence-accommodation confict(VAC).It is found that viewing the accommodation-free 3D images with the aHMD presented in this work is comfortable for viewers and does not cause the nausea or eyestrain side efects commonly associated with conventional stereoscopic 3D or HMD displays,even for all day use. | Pawan K.Shrestha Matt J.Pryn Jia Jia Jhen-Si Chen Hector Navarro Fructuoso Atanas Boev Qing Zhang Daping Chu | 2019 | Research2019，，1： | 3 |
| 8 | On the role of buoyancy force in the ore genesis of SEDEX deposits:Example from Northern Australia显示文摘Finite element modeling on a highly conceptualized 2-D model of fluid flow and heat transport is un-dertaken to simulate the paleo-hydrological system as if the Mount Isa deposits were being formed in the Mount Isa basin, Northern Australia, and to evaluate the potential of buoyancy force in driving ba-sin-scale fluid flow for the formation of sedimentary-exhalative (SEDEX) deposits. Our numerical case studies indicate that buoyancy-driven fluid flow is controlled mainly by the fault penetration depth and its spatial relation with the aquifer. Marine water recharges the basin via one fault and flows through the aquifer where it is heated from below. The heated metalliferous fluid discharges to the basin floor via the other fault. The venting fluid temperatures are computed to be in the range of 115 to 160℃, with fluid velocities of 2.6 to 4.1 m/year over a period of 1 Ma. These conditions are suitable for the formation of a Mount Isa-sized zinc deposit, provided a suitable chemical trap environment is present. Buoyancy force is therefore a viable driving mechanism for basin-scale ore-forming hydrothermal fluid migration, and it is strong enough to lead to the genesis of supergiant SEDEX deposits like the Mount Isa deposit, Northern Australia. | YANG JianWen FENG ZuoHai LUO XianRong CHEN YuanRong | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，4： | 3 |
| 9 | Differences in the Rainfall Characteristics between Mount Tai and Its Surrounding Areas显示文摘As a typical small-scale, isolated topography, Mount Tai exhibits great differences in precipitation characteristics from the surrounding areas. It was found that the amount of rainfall occurring over Mount Tai is significantly larger than what is observed in the surrounding areas. Based on hourly rain gauge records for the warm season(May to September) of 1996–2015, differences between Mount Tai and its surrounding areas were further revealed in terms of rainfall diurnal variation, spatial scale, and evolution process. The diurnal variation of the enhancement on rainfall amount exhibit 'dual peaks' occurring in the early morning and afternoon, and the dual peaks are mainly attributable to rainfall frequency. The diurnal phase of the rainfall amount in the surrounding areas lags 1 h behind that over Mount Tai. Regarding differences in rainfall spatial scale, compared to those of surrounding areas, precipitation over Mount Tai is characterized by a smaller coverage, especially in the early morning. Mount Tai also tends to have a kind of unique, small-scale rainfall in the afternoon and at night. Based on statistical analysis of precipitation events,differences in rainfall evolution process were identified as well. Rainfall over Mount Tai often starts earlier in the afternoon and ends later at night than it does in the surrounding areas. Furthermore, nocturnal rainfall events over Mount Tai are prone to peaking over a shorter period and enduring for a longer period after reaching their maximum intensity, compared with nocturnal rainfall events occurring in the surrounding areas. Rainfall events over Mount Tai always last longer, especially those occurring in the early morning. In general, Mount Tai has a large enhancement effect on rainfall. | Yuting GAN Nina LI Jian LI | 2019 | Journal of Meteorological Research2019，33，5： | 3 |
| 10 | 维特根道路泡沫沥青再生工艺显示文摘 | 何育峰 吴清厂 | 2005 | 建筑机械2005，25，5： | 2 |
| 11 | 贴片式多层陶瓷电容器简介显示文摘贴片式多层陶瓷电容器的英文名字是Surface Mount Multilayer Ceramic Capacitor,通常用缩写符号MLCC或MCC表示(本文以下简称MLCC)。MLCC是陶瓷电容器的一种,由于其具有性能优越、电容量范围宽、品种齐全、尺寸小等优点,得到了广泛的应用。随着便携式电子产品的产量猛增,MLCC应用已经占电容器之冠。很多电路中都用MLCC取代了传统的钽电解电容器或铝电解电容器,不仅减小了PCB板面积,而且大大提高了产品的性能。 | 方佩敏 | 2006 | 世界电子元器件2006，，1： | 2 |
| 12 | CALCULATION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL SOLDER JOINT FORMATION IN MICROELECTRONIC SURFACE MOUNT TECHNOLOGY显示文摘CALCULATIONOFTHREE-DIMENSIONALSOLDERJOINTFORMATIONINMICROELECTRONICSURFACEMOUNTTECHNOLOGY￥G.Z.Wang,C.Q.WangandY.YQian(Nationa... | G.Z. Wang,C.Q.Wang and Y.Y Qian (National Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding Production Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001, China ) | 1996 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)1996，9，4： | 2 |
| 13 | 被隐藏的潜在器官——间质显示文摘凹陷性水肿发生之前往往存在着隐性水肿。对隐性水肿不出现凹陷的经典解释是分布在组织间隙中的胶体网状物,如透明质酸、胶原及黏多糖等对液体有强大的吸附能力,只有当液体积聚超过胶体网状物的吸附能力才形成游离的液体。现在我们可能要从一种新器官的角度重新审视组织间隙中的这些胶体网状物。3月27日Mount Sinai的Neil D.Theise教授在Scientific Reports上发表文章,他的研究团队通过pCLE(基于探针的共聚焦荧光内窥镜)在患者的肝外胆道中发现了从未被识别的网状结构——间质(interstitium)。通过内窥镜超声还可以确认,这种网状结构还广泛分布于人体的胃肠道、膀胱等器官的黏膜下层,以及真皮、筋膜、支气管周围和动静脉周围,可能是目前尚未被学术界定义的器官。 | 覃一朗 | 2018 | 生理科学进展2018，49，2： | 2 |
| 14 | 匠心独运 深邃悠远——阿力克斯·科尔维尔作品的艺术特色及其启示显示文摘阿力克斯·科尔维尔(Alex Colville)是加拿大仍然健在的最著名的画家之一.科尔维尔1920年出生于多伦多,曾在Mount Allison大学学习美术,1942年毕业并结婚、入伍,1944年作为官方战地画家赴海外记录了他对二次大战的印象.战后,科尔维尔回到Mount Allison大学教授绘画和艺术史.这期间他发现了自己的风格---充满超现实主义和象征主义元素的现实主义.1963年,他离开大学开始全职绘画生涯.从20世纪50年代起,加拿大国家美术馆开始收藏科尔维尔的作品,但直到1969-1970年他在汉诺威和伦敦举办展览,他才获得商业上的成功.从那以后,科尔维尔的作品在世界各地展出,并被各大美术馆和私人收藏家购买. | 崔育斌 | 2005 | 美术大观2005，，3： | 1 |
| 15 | 澳大利亚昆士兰州西北部Century区可指示铅锌矿的碳酸盐岩组成显示文摘在昆士兰西北部的Mount Isa地区,元古代变质沉积岩中富铁白云石和(或)普通角闪石大多与层状Zn-Pb—Ag矿化有关,少数与不整合的Pb—Zn矿有关。尽管如此,在Mount Isa北北西方向250km处断裂带附近,对于超过100×10^6t的Century Pb—Zn矿热液蚀变是如何改变碳酸盐岩组成的,至今仍有待探索。 | Keith M. SCOTT Ben JOHNSON Greg YAXLEY 赵静(翻译) | 2013 | 海洋地质2013，，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Disease severity dictates SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing antibody responses in COVID-19显示文摘COVID-19 patients exhibit differential disease severity after SARS-CoV-2 infection.It is currently unknown as to the correlation between the magnitude of neutralizing antibody(NAb)responses and the disease severity in COVID-19 patients.In a cohort of 59 recovered patients with disease severity including severe,moderate,mild,and asymptomatic,we observed the positive correlation between serum neutralizing capacity and disease severity,in particular,the highest NAb capacity in sera from the patients with severe disease,while a lack of ability of asymptomatic patients to mount competent NAbs.Furthermore,the compositions of NAb subtypes were also different between recovered patients with severe symptoms and with mild-tomoderate symptoms.These results reveal the tremendous heterogeneity of SARS-CoV-2-specific NAb responses and their correlations to disease severity,highlighting the needs of future vaccination in COVID-19 patients recovered from asymptomatic or mild illness. | Xiangyu Chen Zhiwei Pan Shuai Yue Fei Yu Junsong Zhang Yang Yang Ren Li Bingfeng Liu Xiaofan Yang Leiqiong Gao Zhirong Li Yao Lin Qizhao Huang Lifan Xu Jianfang Tang Li Hu Jing Zhao Pinghuang Liu Guozhong Zhang Yaokai Chen Kai Deng Lilin Ye | 2020 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2020，5，1： | 1 |
| 17 | OXIDATION OF Tb(Ⅲ)IN THE HETEROPOLY-TUNGSTOPHOSPHATE COMPLEX显示文摘It has first been reported that Tb(Ⅲ)is oxidated by K2S2O8 in the heteropoly-tungstophosphate complex.The complex ion,[Tb(Ⅳ)(PW11O39)2]10-,is stable in aqueous solutiononly for hours,being graduately reduced to[Tb(Ⅲ)(PW11O39)2]11-.It is red-brown,with absorptionband at about 420 nm. | Wan Sheng YOU Yuan Peng GU Department of Chemistry,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian,116022 | 1993 | Chinese Chemical Letters1993，4，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Anatomical variation of five plant species along an elevation gradient in Mexico City basin within the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, Mexico显示文摘Change in environmental conditions with altitudinal gradients induces morpho-anatomical variations in plants that have been poorly documented in intertropical regions. Five species with three life forms, cryptophyte(Alchemilla procumbens, Geranium seemannii), hemicryptophyte(Acaena elongata, Lupinus montanus), and phanerophyte(Symphoricarpos microphyllus), distributed along an altitudinal gradient in the Sierra Nevada of central Mexico, were studied. The aims were to identify and evaluate their morpho-anatomical modifications under the hypothesis that the sizes of individuals and of their wood and leaf cell types decrease as elevation increases. Three individuals per species per site were collected at seven locations along the altitudinal gradient(2949-3952 m). Their morpho-anatomical characters were analyzed through multiple regression analyses. Elevation was the variable that best explained anatomical changes in the leaf and wood ofthe five species. Canopy density and potassium content in the soil also contributed to explain the variation in anatomical variables along the gradient. As elevation increased a bimodal pattern was observed in various anatomical characters as in the leaf width of A. elongata, A. procumbens and G. seemannii and in the vessel diameter of A. procumbens, G. seemannii, and L. montanus. Other features as the vessel diameter of A. elongata, the fiber length of S. microphyllus, and the ray width of A. elongata increased as the elevation increased. Anatomical traits have a tendency to decrease in size but just toward the end of the gradient, which is probably related to changes in canopy density. The plant response to the altitudinal gradient is more focused on anatomical adaptations than morphological variation; it is also species dependent. | P Mayte S.JIMéNEZ-NORIEGA Teresa TERRAZAS Lauro LóPEZ-MATA Arturo SáNCHEZ-GONZáLEZ Heike VIBRANS | 2017 | Journal of Mountain Science2017，14，11： | 1 |
| 19 | Omega地震处理软件自动绘图新方法技术显示文摘计算机技术发展到今天,LINUX已经在世界范围内得到了广泛的应用。从单机系统到上百台微机构成的大型集群系统,都可以看到LINUX的影子。我们要在Linux中使用任何文件系统,都必须先将其挂接至Linux目录树的某个目录下,当该文件系统不再使用时,还需要将其卸载。在Linux中,我们一般使用Mount与Umount命令来完成挂接和卸载功能。本文将介绍另一种能完成文件系统挂接与卸载的工具——Autofs,它是一个客户端的守护进程,它能够根据实际需要,实时触发对NFS共享资源的自动挂接。通过研究开发,并结合生产实际应用于大庆HP集群Omeaga地震资料处理软件中。 | 姜丽娟 | 2014 | 科技资讯2014，12，24： | 1 |
| 20 | AGE OF CHANGBAISHAN VOLCANO AND TIANCHI LAKE显示文摘The Changbai Mountains in NE China, bordering on Korea, are the sources of three rivers and the location of a famous young volcano. On the top at 2200 m a. s. l. is a vast crater, the Tianchi Lake, with a depth of 373 m and an area of 9.82 km^2, around which many alkaline lava-flows are widely dispersed. It has been | 刘嘉麒 王松山 | 1984 | Chinese Science Bulletin1984，29，2： | 1 |
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