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| 1 | Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Cause,Treatment and Metastasis显示文摘In the recent decades, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been found to be increasing in males in some countries. In China, HCC ranked second of cancer mortality since 1990s. Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) and dietary aflatoxin intake remain the major causative factors of HCC. Surgery plays a major role in the treatment of HCC, particularly for small HCC. Downstaging unresectable huge HCC to smaller HCC and followed by resection will probably be a new approach for further study. Liver transplantation is indicated for small HCC, however, some issues remain to be solved.Different modes of 'regional cancer therapy for HCC' have been tried. Systemic chemotherapy has been disappointing in the past but the future can be promising.Biotherapy, such as cytokines, differentiation inducers,anti-angiogenic agents, gene therapy and tumor vaccine will probably play a role, particularly in the prevention of tumor recurrence. HCC invasiveness is currently the major target of study. Tremendous works have been done at the molecular level, which will provide clues for biomarker of HCC progressionas well as targets for intervention. | Zhao-You Tang Liver Cancer Institute & Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Professor of Surgery Chairman.Liver Cancer Institute of Fudan University(previous Liver Cancer Institute of Shanghai Medical University)136 Yixueyuan Road,Zhongshan Hospital,Shanghai 200032,China. | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，4： | 213 |
| 2 | Hepatocellular carcinoma: current management and recent advances显示文摘BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem worldwide. It is the fifth most common cancer in the world, and the third most common cause of cancer-related death. Without specific treatment, the prognosis is very poor. The goal of management is 'cancer control' - a reduction in its incidence and mortality as well as an improvement in the quality of life of patients with HCC and their families. This article aims to review the current management of HCC and its recent advances. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE database search was performed to identify relevant article using the keyworks 'hepatocellular carcinoma', 'hepatectomy', 'liver transplantation', and 'local ablative therapy'. Additional papers and book chapters were identified by a manual search of the references from the key articles. RESULTS: Liver resection and liver transplantation remain the options that give the best chance of a cure. Recent evidence suggests that local ablative therapy may offer comparable survival results in patients with small HCC, and preserved liver function. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the most promising palliative modality for unresectable HCC, but other techniques, such as transarterial radioembolization (TARE), and local ablative therapy, have also shown comparable results. CONCLUSIONS: Early diagnosis of HCC remains a key goal in improving the prognosis of patients. During the last two decades, operative mortality and surgical outcome of liver resection and liver transplantation for HCC have improved. Progress also has been made in multi-modality therapy which can increase the chance of survival and improve the quality of life for patients with advanced HCC. | Wan-Yee Lau Eric C. H. Lai | 2008 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2008，7，3： | 100 |
| 3 | 精准肝切除——21世纪肝脏外科新理念显示文摘随着生物医学科学的蓬勃发展以及循证医学、人文医学的兴起,外科学理念发生了深刻变革,“以最小创伤获取最佳康复”已成为现代外科追求的目标,正是这一革新理念推动着传统经验外科模式向现代精准外科(precise surgery)模式的转变。随着世纪交替和信息时代的来临,肝脏外科借助现代科学技术平台跨入精准肝切除(precise liver resection)时代。 | 董家鸿 黄志强 | 2009 | 中华外科杂志2009，47，21： | 414 |
| 4 | 非酒精性脂肪性肝病的中西医结合诊疗共识意见显示文摘非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver dis-ease,NAFLD)是临床常见病和多发病,其发病率及检出率逐年增加,已经严重威胁着我国人民的身体健康。我会于2008年上海会议上公布了"非酒精性脂肪性肝病的中西医结合诊治方案"试行方案。 | | 2011 | 中国中西医结合杂志2011，31，2： | 202 |
| 5 | 非酒精性脂肪性肝病中医诊疗共识意见显示文摘非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)是临床常见病和多发病,近年来,中医药在证候规律研究、辨证治疗方法等诸多方面取得了不少进展。 | 张声生 李乾构 李军祥 | 2011 | 北京中医药2011，30，2： | 112 |
| 6 | 抗结核药所致药物性肝损伤诊断与处理专家建议显示文摘在结核病抗结核治疗过程中可能会出现各种不同程度的药物不良反应,其中以抗结核药所致药物性肝损伤(druginduced liver injury,DILI)最为多见,危害性最大,也是我国DILI的常见类型之一,轻者表现为一过性转氨酶升高,重者可致肝衰竭,甚至危及生命,部分患者因此不得不中止抗结核治疗,从而影响结核病的治疗效果,临床医生应高度重视这个问题。 | | 2013 | 中华结核和呼吸杂志2013，36，10： | 204 |
| 7 | Liver cancer incidence and mortality in China: Temporal trends and projections to 2030显示文摘Objective: Liver cancer is one of the most common cancers and major cause of cancer deaths in China,which accounts for over 50% of new cases and deaths worldwide.The systematic liver cancer statistics including of projection through 2030 could provide valuable information for prevention and control strategies in China,and experience for other countries.Methods: The burden of liver cancer in China in 2014 was estimated using 339 cancer registries' data selected from Chinese National Cancer Center(NCC).Incident cases of 22 cancer registries were applied for temporal trends from 2000 to 2014.The burden of liver cancer through 2030 was projected using age-period-cohort model.Results: About 364,800 new cases of liver cancer(268,900 males and 95,900 females) occurred in China,and about 318,800 liver cancer deaths(233,500 males and 85,300 females) in 2014.Western regions of China had the highest incidence and mortality rates.Incidence and mortality rates decreased by about 2.3% and 2.6% per year during the period of 2000-2014,respectively,and would decrease by more than 44% between 2014 and 2030 in China.The young generation,particularly for those aged under 40 years,showed a faster down trend.Conclusions: Based on the analysis,incidence and mortality rates of liver cancer are expected to decrease through 2030,but the burden of liver cancer is still serious in China,especially in rural and western areas.Most cases of liver cancer in China can be prevented through vaccination and more prevention efforts should be focused on high risk groups. | Rongshou Zheng Chunfeng Qu Siwei Zhang Hongmei Zeng Kexin Sun Xiuying Gu Changfa Xia Zhixun Yang He Li Wenqiang Wei Wanqing Chen Jie He | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2018，30，6： | 132 |
| 8 | Physical activity as a treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease:A systematic review显示文摘AIM: To review the effectiveness of exercise as a therapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and potential benefits in treating insulin resistance and atherosclerosis.METHODS: Medline(EBSCOhost) and Pub Med were searched for English-language randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies in human adults aged ≥ 18 which investigated the various effects of exercise alone, a combination of exercise and diet, or exercise and diet coupled with behavioral modification on NAFLD from 2010 to Feburary 2015.RESULTS: Eighteen of 2298 available studies were chosen for critical review, which included 6925 patients. Nine(50%) studies were randomized controlled trials. Five(27.8%) studies utilized biopsy to examine the effects of physical activity on hepatic histology. The most commonly employed imaging modality to determine change in hepatic steatosis was hydrogen-magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Only two studies examined the effects of low impact physical activity for patients with significant mobility limitations and one compared the efficacy of aerobic and resistance exercise. No studies examined the exact duration of exercise required for hepatic and metabolic improvement in NAFLD.CONCLUSION: While exercise improved hepatic steatosis and underlying metabolic abnormalities in NAFLD, more studies are needed to define the most beneficial form and duration of exercise treatment. | Maureen Whitsett Lisa B VanWagner | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，16： | 281 |
| 9 | 药物性肝损伤诊治指南显示文摘药物性肝损伤(drug—induced liver injury,DIM)是指由各类处方或非处方的化学药物、生物制剂、传统中药(TCM)、天然药(NM)、保健品(HP)、膳食补充剂(DS)及其代谢产物乃至辅料等所诱发的肝损伤。 | 无 于乐成 茅益民 陈成伟 | 2017 | 实用肝脏病杂志2017，20，2： | 231 |
| 10 | 非酒精性脂肪性肝病中医诊疗专家共识意见(2017)显示文摘非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)是一种与胰岛素抵抗和遗传易感密切相关的代谢应激性肝损伤,包括非酒精性单纯性脂肪肝、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎及其相关肝硬化。本病是临床常见病和多发病,其发病率及检出率逐年增加,据文献报道,普通成人NAFLD患病率达20%~33%[1]。 | 无 张声生 李军祥 | 2017 | 中医杂志2017，58，19： | 184 |
| 11 | Pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children and adolescence: From “two hit theory” to “multiple hit model”显示文摘Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) has become the dominant form of chronic liver disease in children and adolescents with the increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide. NAFLD represents a wide spectrum of conditions, ranging from fatty liver-which generally follows a benign, non-progressive clinical course-to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, a subset of NAFLD that may progress to cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease or liver carcinoma. The underlying pathophysiological mechanism of 'pediatric' NAFLD remains unclear, although it is strongly associated with obesity and insulin resistance. In this review we provide a general overview on the current understanding of NAFLD in children and adolescents, which underpins practice, enabling early diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic intervention for this life-threatening liver disease. | Yan-Lan Fang Hong Chen Chun-Lin Wang Li Liang | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，27： | 100 |
| 12 | 抗结核药物性肝损伤诊治指南(2019年版)显示文摘在抗结核治疗过程中可能会出现各种不同类型的药物不良反应,其中以抗结核药物性肝损伤(anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury,ATB-DILI)最为多见,危害性最大,也是我国药物性肝损伤常见原因之一,轻者表现为一过性转氨酶升高,重者可致肝衰竭,甚至危及生命,部分患者因此不得不中止抗结核治疗,从而影响结核病的治疗效果。为提高广大临床医生对ATB-DILI的认识及其处理水平,中华医学会结核病学分会制定了'抗结核药所致药物性肝损伤诊治指南'。该指南总结了近年来ATB-DILI的最新研究进展,对ATB-DILI的定义、危险因素、发生机制、病理表现、临床分型和表现、诊断、处理等多个方面进行了阐述,同时提出了推荐意见及评估质量等级,为ATB-DILI的规范诊治提供了重要的指导。 | 中华医学会结核病学分会 唐神结 顾瑾 杜建 | 2019 | 中华结核和呼吸杂志2019，42，5： | 149 |
| 13 | Cellular and molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis:An update显示文摘There have been considerable recent advances towards a better understanding of the complex cellular and molecular network underlying liver fibrogenesis.Recent data indicate that the termination of fibrogenic processes and the restoration of deficient fibrolytic pathways may allow the reversal of advanced fibrosis and even cirrhosis.Therefore,efforts have been made to better clarify the cellular and molecular mechanisms that are involved in liver fibrosis.Activation of hepatic stellate cells(HSCs)remains a central event in fibrosis,complemented by other sources of matrix-producing cells,including portal fibroblasts,fibrocytes and bone marrow-derived myofibroblasts.These cells converge in a complex interaction with neighboring cells to provoke scarring in response to persistent injury.Defining the interaction of different cell types,revealing the effects of cytokines on these cells and characterizing the regulatory mechanisms that control gene expression in activated HSCs will enable the discovery of new therapeutic targets.Moreover,the characterization of different pathways associated with different etiologies aid in the development of disease-specific therapies.This article outlines recent advances regarding the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in liver fibrosis that may be translated into future therapies.The pathogenesis of liver fibrosis associated with alcoholic liver disease,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and viral hepatitis are also discussed to emphasize the various mechanisms involved in liver fibrosis. | Gülsüm ?zlem Elpek | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，23： | 82 |
| 14 | Prevalence of fatty liver disease and the economy in China: A systematic review显示文摘AIM: To investigate the relationship between the economy and the adult prevalence of fatty liver disease(FLD) in China's Mainland. METHODS: Literature searches on the Pub Med and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were performed to identify eligible studies published before July 2014. Records were limited to crosssectional surveys or baseline surveys of longitudinal studies that reported the adult prevalence of FLD and recruited subjects from the general population or community. The gross domestic product(GDP) per capita was chosen to assess the economic status. Multiple linear regression and Loess regression were chosen to fit the data and calculate the 95%CIs. Fitting and overfitting of the models were considered in choosing the appropriate models. RESULTS: There were 27 population-based surveys from 26 articles included in this study. The pooled mean prevalence of FLD in China was 16.73%(95%CI: 13.92%-19.53%). The prevalence of FLD was correlated with the GDP per capita and survey years in the country(adjusted R2 = 0.8736, P GDP per capita = 0.00426, P years = 0.0000394), as well as in coastal areas(R2 = 0.9196, P GDP per capita = 0.00241, P years = 0.00281). Furthermore, males [19.28%(95%CI: 15.68%-22.88%)] presented a higher prevalence than females [14.1%(95%CI: 11.42%-16.61%), P = 0.0071], especially in coastal areas [21.82(95%CI: 17.94%-25.71%) vs 17.01%(95%CI: 14.30%-19.89%), P = 0.0157]. Finally, the prevalence was predicted to reach 20.21% in 2020, increasing at a rate of 0.594% per year. CONCLUSION: This study reveals a correlation between the economy and the prevalence of FLD in China's Mainland. | Jin-Zhou Zhu Qin-Yi Zhou Yu-Ming Wang Yi-Ning Dai Jiang Zhu Chao-Hui Yu You-Ming Li | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，18： | 116 |
| 15 | Liver fibrosis and hepatic stellate cells: Etiology, pathological hallmarks and therapeutic targets显示文摘Liver fibrosis is a reversible wound-healing process aimed at maintaining organ integrity, and presents as the critical pre-stage of liver cirrhosis, which will eventually progress to hepatocellular carcinoma in the absence of liver transplantation. Fibrosis generally results from chronic hepatic injury caused by various factors, mainly viral infection, schistosomiasis, and alcoholism; however, the exact pathological mechanisms are still unknown. Although numerous drugs have been shown to have antifibrotic activity in vitro and in animal models, none of these drugs have been shown to be efficacious in the clinic. Importantly, hepatic stellate cells(HSCs) play a key role in the initiation, progression, and regression of liver fibrosis by secreting fibrogenic factors that encourage portal fibrocytes, fibroblasts, and bone marrow-derived myofibroblasts to produce collagen and thereby propagate fibrosis. These cells are subject to intricate cross-talk with adjacent cells, resulting in scarring and subsequent liver damage. Thus, an understanding of the molecular mechanisms of liver fibrosis and their relationships with HSCs is essential for the discovery of new therapeutic targets. This comprehensive review outlines the role of HSCs in liver fibrosis and details novel strategies to suppress HSC activity, thereby providing new insights into potential treatments for liver fibrosis. | Chong-Yang Zhang Wei-Gang Yuan Pei He Jia-Hui Lei Chun-Xu Wang | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，48： | 114 |
| 16 | Effect of phosphorylation of MAPK and Stat3 and expression of c-fos and c-jun proteins on hepatocarcinogenesis and their clinical significance显示文摘AIM To study the effect of phosphorylation ofMAPK and Stat3 and the expression of c-fos andc-jun proteins on hepatocellular carcinogenesisand their clinical significance.METHODS SP immunohistochemistry was usedto detect the expression of p42/44MAPK, p-Stat3,c-fos and c-jun proteins in 55 hepatocellularcarcinomas (HCC) and their surrounding livertissues.RESULTS The positive rates and expressionlevels of p42/44MAPK, p-Stat3, c-fos and c-junproteins in HCCs were significantly higher thanthose in pericarcinomatous liver tissues (PCLT).A positive correlation was observed between theexpression of p42/44MAPK and c-fos proteins, andbetween p-Stat3 and c-jun, but there was nosignificant correlation between p42/44MAPK and p-Stat3 in HCCs and their surrounding livertissues.CONCLUSION The abnormalities of Ras/Rat/MAPK and JAKs/ Stat3 cascade reaction maycontribute to malignant transformation ofhepatocytes. Hepatocytes which are positive forp42/ 44MAPK, c-fos or c-jun proteins may bepotential malignant pre-cancerous cells.Activation of MAPK and Stat3 proteins may be anearly event in hepatocellular carcinogenesis. | De Yun Feng Hui Zheng Yi Tan Rui Xue Cheng Department of Pathology, Hunan Medical University, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province, China New England Biolab, MA, USA | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，1： | 75 |
| 17 | Prevalence of minimal hepatic encephalopathy and quality of life evaluations in hospitalized cirrhotic patients in China显示文摘AIM:To investigate the prevalence of minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE)and to assess corresponding health-related quality of life(HRQoL)in hospitalized cirrhotic patients in China.METHODS:This multi-center cross-sectional study included 16 teaching hospitals,which were members of 'Hepatobiliary Cooperation Group,Society of Gastroenterology,Chinese Medical Association',from different areas of China carried out between June and October in 2011.All the eligible hospitalized cirrhotic patients(n = 538)were required to complete triplicate number connection tests combined with one digit symbol test for diagnosing MHE.Patients' clinical examination data were complemented by a modified questionnaire assessing HRQoL.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient.RESULTS:Male was predominant(68.6%)in 519 patients who met the criteria of the study,with a mean age of 49.17 ± 11.02 years.The most common cause of liver cirrhosis was chronic hepatitis B(55.9%).The prevalence of MHE was 39.9% and varied by ChildPugh-Classification score(CPC-A:24.8%,CPC-B:39.4% and CPC-C:56.1%,P < 0.01).MHE(P < 0.01)and higher CPC scores(P < 0.01)were associated with a high HRQoL scores(reflecting poorer quality of life).The prevalence of MHE was proportionate to CPC(P = 0.01)and high quality of life scores(P = 0.01).CONCLUSION:Hospitalized cirrhotic patients have a high prevalence of MHE that is proportionate to the degree of liver function and HRQoL impairment. | Ji-Yao Wang Ning-Ping Zhang Bao-Rong Chi Yu-Qing Mi Li-Na Meng Ying-Di Liu Jiang-Bin Wang Hai-Xing Jiang Jin-Hui Yang Yun Xu Xiao Li Jian-Ming Xu Guo Zhang Xin-Min Zhou Yu-Zheng Zhuge De-An Tian Jin Ye Yu-Lan Liu | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，30： | 64 |
| 18 | 非生物型人工肝支持系统治疗肝衰竭指南(2009年版)显示文摘肝衰竭(liver failure)足由多种因素引起的肝细胞大块、亚大块坏死或严重损害,导致其合成、解毒、排泄和生物转化等功能发生严重障碍或失代偿,出现以黄疸、凝血功能障碍、肝性脑病和腹水等为主要表现的一种临床症候群。肝衰竭是临床常见肝脏疾病的严重症候群,病死率极高。人工肝支持系统(artificial liver support system,ALSS)是治疗肝衰竭有效的方法之一,其治疗机制是基于肝细胞的强大再生能力, | | 2009 | 中华临床感染病杂志2009，2，6： | 61 |
| 19 | 肝左外叶切除“金标准”术式:腹腔镜肝左外叶切除术显示文摘肝左外叶独特的解剖结构使得腹腔镜肝左外叶切除术(laparoscopic left lateral segment liver resection,LLLR)成为开展较早、应用较多的腹腔镜肝切除术(laparoscopic hepatectomy,LH)术式^[1-5].该术式在手术时间上与开腹手术相当,但由于手术切口小、创伤小. | 刘荣 赵国栋 | 2010 | 中华腔镜外科杂志(电子版)2010，3，6： | 61 |
| 20 | Analysis of in vivo patterns of caspase 3 gene expression in primary hepatocellular carcinoma and its relationship to p21^(WAF1) expression and hepatic apoptosis显示文摘AIM To detect the expression of caspase 3gene in primary human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and investigate its relationship to p21WAF1gene expression and HCC apoptosis.METHODS In situ hybridization was employedto determine caspase 3 and p21WAF1expression inHCC.In situ end-labeling was used to detecthepatocytic apoptosis in HCC.RESULTS Twenty-one of 39(53.8%)cases ofHCC were found to express caspase 3transcripts,while 45.2% of HCC failed toexpress caspase 3.Non-cancerous adjacent livertissues showed more positive caspase 3(87.5%,7/8)as compared with HCC(P<0.05).The expression of caspase 3 is correlated withHCC differentiation,72.2%(13/18)ofmoderately to highly differentiated HCC showedcaspase 3 transcripts positive,while only 38.1%of poorly differentiated HCC harbored caspase 3transcripts(P<0.05).No relationship wasfound between caspase 3 expression and tumorsize or grade or metastasis,although 52.5%(5/8)of HCC with metastasis were caspase 3positive and a little higher than that with nometastasis(51.6%,P>0.05).Expression of caspase 3 alone did not affect the apoptosisindex(AI)of HCC.The AI was 7.12%o in caspase3-positive tumors(n=21),while in caspase 3-negative cases(n=18)6.59%0(P>0.05).Expression of caspase 3 clearly segregated withp21WAF1positive tumors as compared withp21WAF1-negative cases(16 of 23,69.6% versus5 of 16,31.3%)with statistical significance(P=0.017).In the cases with positive caspase 3and negative p21WAF1,the Al was found slightlyhigher,but with no statistical significance,thanthat with expression of p21WAF1and caspase 3(7.21‰ vs 6.98‰,P>0.05).CONCLUSION Loss of caspase 3 expressionmay contribute to HCC carcinogenesis,althoughthe expression of caspase 3 does not correlatewell with cell apoptosis in HCC.p21WAF1may bemerely one of the inhibitors which can reducecaspase 3 mediated cell apoptosis in HCCs. | Bao Hua Sun Jun Zhang Bao JǜWang Xi Ping Zhao You Kun Wang Zhi Qun Yu Dong Liang Yang Lian Jie Hao Department of Clinical Immunology,Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical University,Wuhan 430030,Hubei Province,China | 2000 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2000，6，3： | 65 |
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