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| 1 | 关中平原第5层古土壤发育时的气候与土壤水环境研究显示文摘根据关中平原4个剖面第5层古土壤风化特征的研究得出,该层古土壤风化剖面厚度大,明显超出了土壤发育的厚度,形成了厚2m多的风化淋滤黄土层;第5层古土壤之下的黏土胶膜、风化淋滤黄土层、Fe2O3,CaCO3和元素Sr分布深度指示关中平原该层土壤发育时年平均降水量达到了900余毫米,含水量高的土壤重力水带分布深度至少达到了4.2m,在每年4.2m深度范围土层含水量一般都在20%以上,4.2-5m深度范围内土层含水量也较高,当时土壤水分充足,没有土壤干层形成,适于森林植被发育.该层土壤发育时的年平均降水量显著大于年土壤总蒸发量,水量平衡为明显的正值,大气降水能够正常补给地下水.该层土壤发育的中、晚期土壤水具弱酸性特征.关中平原第5层古土壤发育时为亚热带气候,而且比亚热带北缘的气候更暖湿一些.那时秦岭以南和以北均为亚热带气候,当时秦岭失去了亚热带与温带气候分界线的作用,夏季风活动强度大,能频繁越过秦岭山脉,并给该区带来了丰富的降水,决定了当时土层含水量较高. | 赵景波 顾静 杜娟 | 2008 | 中国科学(D辑)2008，38，3： | 21 |
| 2 | Climate and soil moisture environment during develop-ment of the fifth palaeosol in Guanzhong Plain显示文摘Based on weathering characteristics of the fifth palaeosol layer (S5) of four sections in Guanzhong Plain, the thickness of the weathered profile of the paleosol is determined to be greater than the ordi- nary soil, a weathered and leached loess layer thicker than 2 m. The distribution depth of the red argil- lans, the weathered and leached loess layer, Fe2O3, CaCO3 and Sr content under the S5 all indicate that the precipitation in Guanzhong Plain was over 900 mm at that time. The distribution depth of gravity water zone reached 4.2 m at least, and the soil moisture content was generally more than 20% within the range of 4.2 m. At that time there was sufficient soil moisture and no dried earth layer developed in Guanzhong Plain, suitable for the forest to develop. When this soil developed, the mean annual pre- cipitation was more than the annual soil moisture evaporation. The value of soil moisture balance was positive and the atmospheric precipitation could supply the underground water normally. Soil water was weak acidic in the middle and late stages when S5 developed in Guanzhong Plain. It was a kind of subtropical climate and even more humid and warmer than the northern edge of the subtropical climate zone in Guanzhong Plain when the S5 developed. At that time the subtropical climate was prevailing over the northern side and southern side of Qingling Mountains, showing the Mountains no longer to be the boundary between the subtropical zone and the temperate zone in China. The summer monsoon acted intensely and could go over Qingling Mountains frequently bring abundant precipitation. | ZHAO JingBo GU Jing DU Juan | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，5： | 9 |
| 3 | 关中平原黄土中第1层古土壤发育时的土壤水分研究显示文摘根据关中平原西安地区和宝鸡地区调查和实验分析资料,研究了该区黄土中第1层红褐色古土壤发育时的土壤有效水含量、重力水分布、水循环和水分平衡等问题。结果表明,该层古土壤CaCO_3与元素Sr迁移深度达到了4.2m,位于古土壤黏化层底界之下的风化黄土层发育厚度为2.2m,淋滤裂隙发育深度为3.9m,Fe_2O_3含量较高的红色铁质黏土胶膜迁移到了土壤黏化层底界之下约1m深处的黄土中,迁移到了4.2m深处的CaCO_3结核中方解石结晶良好。这些指标显示,在西安和宝鸡地区该层古土壤发育的最温湿阶段,土壤重力水带分布深度至少达到了4.2m,当时该区4.2m深度范围内土层水分充足,在植被生长季节和每年绝大部分时间里土层平均含水量一般为22%左右,在蒸发与植被吸收、树冠截留以及地表径流损失之后剩余的可利用有效水含量为14%左右,当时土壤水分充足,没有土壤干层发育,能够满足茂盛森林植被发育的需要。西安和宝鸡附近S_1古土壤发育时的最湿润时期土壤重力水带分布深度比现今大2m左右,土壤水是酸性的。在关中平原S_1古土壤发育时,土壤水分的收入量大于支出量,土壤水分为正平衡,土壤水循环正常,每年雨季一般有较多的水分通过土壤入渗补给地下水,这也是当时土层含水量高的原因。关中平原与洛川等地2003丰水年的重力水分布深度与含水量证实了S1古土壤发育时的土壤水研究结果是可靠的。多项指标显示,在S_1古土壤发育的最温湿阶段,夏季风气团能够频繁越过秦岭山脉到达关中平原地区,秦岭南北均为亚热带气候,这表明当时秦岭失去了温带与亚热带气候分界线的作用。S_1古土壤发育过程经历了5万余年的漫长时间,在最温湿阶段之外的其它阶段,发育森林草原等植被是可能的。本项研究确定的土壤古水分水指标对国内外的研究有重要应用价值。 | 赵景波 罗小庆 刘瑞 陈宝群 岳应利 | 2015 | 地质学报2015，89，12： | 6 |
| 4 | 关中平原全新世土壤与环境研究显示文摘根据蓝田田家村、长安四府村、西安吴家坟和岐山雍川村剖面样品的粒度分析、CaCO3含量测定和微结构的鉴定资料得知,关中平原全新世中期形成的土壤S0具有明显的淀积粘化特征和现代沉积间断条件下发育的土壤剖面特点,该层土壤的构成物质至少有一部分是由先前形成的黄土经成壤作用改造而成的。关中平原S0的粘化类型不仅可以指示当地温湿的气候环境和很少有沙尘暴活动,而且它与西北荒漠区全新世千年尺度上的环境变化存在遥相关关系。全新世晚期发育的黄土L0是在相对冷干条件下形成的狭义土壤,它具有明显的残积粘化和残积—淀积粘化特征,它发育在沙尘暴连续堆积的条件下,形成了厚度大发育弱的粘化层和厚度大而均匀分布的CaCO3淀积层。全新世黄土剖面特征显示,在风尘连续堆积条件下发育的土壤可以不具有明显的剖面分层,厚度可以大于2m。关中平原全新世L0发育时的气候与西北荒漠区的气候也存在遥相关关系。 | 赵景波 顾静 | 2009 | 地质论评2009，55，5： | 2 |
| 5 | Discovery and study of silver sulfate mineral in S_5 from the eastern suburb of Xi'an显示文摘The paleosol samples from the fifth layer of the loess profile at Renjiapo in the eastern suburb of Xi'an are observed and analyzed using electron microscope and energy spectrum. Minerals such as AgSO4 and molybdenum, which are rare to find and can indicate typical dry climate environment, are found in this layer of paleosol. Secondary mineral is usually granular form of ellipsoidal and crystallization, and has the characteristics of chemical precipitating crystallization of apertures and fracture. Molybdenum minerals have the characteristics of colloidal substances. There are two kinds of secondary minerals. One is silver sulfate mineral and the other is silver oxide mineral. The movement of secondary silver, molybdenum and cobalt minerals, new clay mineral, Fe2O3 and Al2O3 indicates that S5 has experienced strong chemical weathering and mineral dissolution during its development. Silver, molybdenum, and cobalt can be released from primary minerals. During that period, the precipitation was abundant in Xi'an where soil reached an acidity stage of chemical weathering. At the later development stage of paleosol in the lowest part of S5, warm and wet monsoon climate had changed to dry and non-monsoon climate. In the period of the formation of AgSO4, which is easier to dissolve than CaSO4, a dry and non-monsoon climate was present in the Guanzhong Plain. Strong evaporation resulted in the accumulation of SO42-in the soil water solution and the formation of AgSO4. At that time, summer monsoon of East Asia was weak and did not cross Qinling Mountains to reach Guanzhong Plain. And at that time, the precipitation in Xi'an was less than 300 mm, and it was drier then in Xi'an than at present in Lanzhou. | ZHAO JingBo CAO JunJi SHAO TianJie LIU Rui YUE YingLi DU Juan | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，3： | 2 |
| 6 | 西安东郊S_5土壤中AgSO_4等矿物的发现与研究显示文摘根据西安东郊任家坡黄土剖面中第5层古土壤样品的电子显微镜观察和能谱分析,在该层古土壤中发现了极少见的能够指示典型干旱气候环境的AgSO4矿物和钼矿物等.次生银矿物一般呈现椭球形结晶粒状形态,具有孔洞和裂隙化学沉淀结晶的特点,钼矿物具有胶体物质的特点.次生银矿物有两种类型,一是AgSO4矿物,二是氧化银矿物.次生银、钼和钴矿物与新生粘土矿物及Fe2O3和Al2O3的明显迁移指示该层土壤发育时经历了较为强烈的化学风化和矿物分解作用,银、钼和钴能够从原生矿物中释放出来,当时西安地区降水量丰富,达到了酸性化学风化阶段.在西安地区S5下部分层古土壤发育末期,出现了由温暖湿润季风气候向非季风干旱气候的大变化.在比CaSO4还易于溶解的AgSO4形成时期,关中平原为非季风干旱气候,强烈的蒸发造成了土壤水溶液中SO42的富集和AgSO4的形成.当时东亚夏季风活动极弱,一般不能越过秦岭到关中平原地区,那时西安地区年降水量为300mm以下,比现今兰州地区的气候还要冷干. | 赵景波 曹军骥 邵天杰 岳应利 杜娟 | 2011 | 中国科学:地球科学2011，41，10： | 1 |
| 7 | 中国黄土研究进展显示文摘 | 赵景波 黄春长 | 2004 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2004，14，z1： | 1 |
| 8 | The five major changes in the evolution of the Loess Plateau显示文摘On the basisofthe geomorphology,paleosol,paleoclimate and loessage,majorchangesof the LoessPlateau were studied.There are five majorchangesin the evolution ofthe LoessPlateau in China.Among them,the first,second,third and fourth major changes have taken place since the formation ofthe Loess Plateau,and the fifth majorchange willhappen in 100 years.The firstmajor change,which occurred atabout2.50 M a BP,was a transition from red earth plateau to the Loess Plateau,and reflectsthe climate from the warm-sub-humid to the alteration between cold-and-dry and warm-and-humid.The driving force ofthisfirstmajorchange wasclimate.The second majorchange, which took place atabout1.60 M a BP,was a vitaltransition of the main rivers in this area from non-existence to existence,and represented an importantchange on the Loess Plateau’s neotectonic upliftfrom the slow rising to periodically accelerated rising,and making the river’s erosion go from feeble to strong.The driving force of the second major change is tectonic uplift.The third major change which occurred atabout150 ka,wasa greattransition ofthe Yellow River’sinpouring from a lake outletto a sea outlet.Atthattime,the Yellow Rivercutthe Sanmen Gorge.The transition led to the transformation ofloessmaterialfrom internaltransportation to externaltransportation.The driving force ofthe third majorchange wasrunning watererosion.The fourth one thatoccurred atabout1.1 ka wasa change ofthe LoessPlateau from naturalerosion to erosion accelerated by human influences. Thedriving forceofthefourth majorchangeismainly human activities.Thefifth majorchange,which istheoppositechangeto thefourth one,in which themotivepowerishuman activity,too. | ZHAO Jingbo | 2005 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2005，15，4： | 0 |
| 9 | Desert-steppe migration on the Loess Plateau at about 450 kaBP显示文摘According to the field investigation, observation by an electronic microscope and x-ray identification and chemical analysis, desert-steppe migration in the Loess Plateau at about 450 kaBP was studied. The data show that gypsum illuvial horizon indicating the desert-steppe environment developed in the early stage of the formation of the fifth layer loess in Shaoling tableland in Chang'an and Bailu tableland in Xran of Shaanxi are situated in the southern Loess Plateau. This indicates that remarkable drying occurred, a large-scope migration of desert steppe took place toward south and the climate zone migrated 5 degrees in latitude to south which is the largest migration range indicated by geochemical indexes. The desert-steppe and more wild environment distributed widely on the Loess Plateau at that time. The development of gypsum also indicates that the climate changed at 450 kaBP from monsoon climate to nonmonsoon climate in the Loess Plateau, and the region was not affected by summer monsoon and was in the cold and dry environment of nonmonsoon climate. Annual mean nrecinitation was about 200 rnm. 400 mm less at that time than at oresent. | ZHAOJingbo | 2005 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2005，15，1： | 0 |
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