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| 1 | 稀疏植被下垫面与大气相互作用研究进展显示文摘介绍了国家自然科学基金委员会'十五'重点项目'稀疏植被下垫面与大气相互作用研究'的成果。通过资料分析、数值试验和理论分析,研究干旱地区稀疏植被复杂下垫面上水、热及CO2输运过程的机理;非均匀下垫面的复杂非线性效应;干旱地区更合理的陆面过程参数化方案以及绿洲的稳定性;强沙尘暴的发展机制和干旱地区生态环境建设对策。主要结果表明:(1)揭示了植物生态生理过程、净第一生产力和生物量对气候的敏感性,为稀疏植被下垫面与大气相互作用研究提供了较好的接口。(2)发展了适用于干旱、半干旱地区土壤中水热输送交叉耦合的物理模型;以能量和物质守恒定律为基础的雪盖物理模型,它显著地改善了陆面过程的模拟效果,是国际上最早开发的同类模型之一。(3)发展了大气非平衡态热力学,证明了非线性区普遍成立的最小熵产生原理,为研究气候和环境复杂系统提供了新思路和新方法;揭示了大气辐散和辐合运动对垂直湍流输送的影响,非均匀下垫面地气相互作用,为非均匀下垫面陆面过程参数化提供了物理基础;研究了绿洲稳定性并估算了绿洲临界尺度约为3~6km,为绿洲保护和建设提供了理论依据;提出了干旱地区有限水资源条件下增强其稳定性和抗干扰能力的生态环境建设对策。(4)发展了强沙尘暴发展的动力学模式。 | 胡隐樵 孙菽芬 郑元润 张强 傅培健 左洪超 | 2004 | 高原气象2004，23，3： | 32 |
| 2 | Landform classification using soil data and remote sensing in northern Ordos Plateau of China显示文摘地形分类通常仅仅用地志的高度被做。然而,实践显示在一样的高度的地点可以有显然不同的地形,取决于在那些地点下面的土壤的特征。这研究的目的到过:1 ) 开发基于高度和土壤特征的一条地形分类途径;并且 2 ) 使用这条途径在位于中国的北 Ordos 高原的一个分水岭以内决定地形。用从 200 个采样地点在 134 点收集的数据,这研究决定了那 D10 (土壤粒子的直径10%由重量更好)并且在 2010 获得的长期的平均土壤潮湿,能从遥感形象在合理精确性被估计,能被用来代表学习分水岭的土壤特征。另外,采样数据表明这个分水岭由地形的九个班组成,也就是活动的沙丘( MD ),活动半活动的沙丘( SMD ),滚动固定修理半的沙丘(讨论请求),完全沙的土地( FD ),草多的沙的土地( GS ),基岩( BR ),完全沙的基岩( FSB ),山谷农业土地( VA )和盐湖( SW )。一套逻辑回归方程用在 134 个采样地点收集并且验证了在留下使用数据的数据被导出 66 个地点。确认显示这些方程有中等分类精确性(Kappa 系数[^(K)]\hat K >43%) 。结果表明在学习分水岭的主导的班是 FD (36.3%), BR (27.0%),和 MD (23.5%)地形的另外的六种类型(即, SMD ,讨论请求, GS , FSB , VA ,并且 SW )在为13.2%的联合报道。进一步,在这研究决定的地形与一张地质上基于的分类地图介绍的班相比。比较显示地质上基于的分类不能在依赖于土壤特征的一个班以内识别多重地形。 | LUO Yanyun LIU Tingxi WANG Xixi DUAN Limin ZHANG Shengwei SHI Junxiao | 2012 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2012，22，4： | 3 |
| 3 | Influences of landform as a confounding variable on SOM-NDVI association in semiarid Ordos Plateau显示文摘Soil organic matter(SOM) plays an important role in maintaining vegetation cover and thus mitigating land erosion of fragile terrestrial ecosystems such as in the Northern Ordos Plateau of China(NOPC).However,little information is available on whether and how SOM varies spatially as an intrinsic characteristic of landform in NOPC.The objective of this study was to examine the spatial associations of SOM with landform and vegetation cover.The study was conducted in a 23,000-km2 area within NOPC because this area has landforms of mobile dunes(MD),flat dunes(FD),grassy sandy land(GSL),flat sandy bedrocks(FSB),and swamps and salt lakes(SW),which are typical landforms in semiarid ecosystems.SOM was determined using a standard laboratory analysis method for 5 cm topsoil samples collected at 72 locations across the study area.In addition,the 250 m Multitemporal Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) imageries taken in the period from August 2006 to August 2010 were used to extract Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) which in turn was used as the surrogate of vegetation cover.Classic and geostatistical methods were used to compare SOM concentration across different landforms.The results indicated that an area with a greater value for NDVI(i.e.better vegetation cover) tended to have a higher SOM concentration regardless of the landform types.However,the association between SOM and NDVI varied from one landform to another.The SW and GSL had a highest SOM concentration,while MD had a lowest concentration.For the study area as a whole and the FD,GSL,and MD,SOM was found to be the sole function of NDVI,whereas,for the FSB,SOM was influenced by several intrinsic variables,namely ground surface altitude,slope,and aspect,as well as NDVI.SOM for the SW landform was found to be a function of NDVI.Furthermore,SOM and NDVI exhibited a consistent spatial pattern of increasing from north to south and from west to east.The highest SOM concentration of 3.5% occurred along an east-westward belt,which is adjacent to water pathways,in the mid part of the study area. | YanYun LUO TingXi LIU XiXi WANG LiMin DUAN | 2012 | Journal of Arid Land2012，4，4： | 2 |
| 4 | 中国荒漠化发展趋势及治理对策显示文摘对目前我国土地荒漠化的发展趋势进行了简要分析,针对目前荒漠化防治工作存在的一些问题及荒漠化发生发展的主要原因,提出了我国北方土地荒漠化防治的总体思路及优化模式。指出目前荒漠化防治工程中应充分尊重基本的生态学规律,实现荒漠化工程的可持续发展;同时应加强组织与管理,充分调动各方面的积极性,按照自上而下与自下而上相结合的模式开展荒漠化防治工作。 | 郑元润 | 2006 | 科技导报2006，24，11： | 2 |
| 5 | ANALYSIS OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY IN THE JINSHA RIVER VALLEY显示文摘Monthly mean surface air temperatures and precipitation at 20 meteorological stations in the Jinsha River Valley(JRV) of southwest China were analyzed for temporal-spatial variation patterns during the period 1961-2010.The magnitude of a trend was estimated using Sen's Nonparametric Estimator of Slope approach.The statistical significance of a trend was assessed by the MK test.The results showed that mean annual air temperature has been increasing by 0.08℃/decade during the past 50 years as a whole.The climate change trend in air temperature was more significant in the winter(0.13℃/decade) than in the summer(0.03℃/decade).Annual precipitation tended to increase slightly thereafter and the increasing was mainly during the crop-growing season.Both the greatest variation of the annual mean temperature and annual precipitation were observed at the dry-hot valley area of middle reaches.Significant warming rates were found in the upper reaches whereas the dry-hot basins of middle reaches experienced a cooling trend during the past decades.Despite of the overall increasing in precipitation,more obvious upward-trends were found in the dry-hot basins of middle reaches whereas the upper reaches had a drought trend during the past decades. | 何云玲 张一平 吴志杰 | 2016 | Journal of Tropical Meteorology2016，22，2： | 0 |
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