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| 1 | Cd胁迫对银中杨幼苗金属元素代谢及其氧化应激的影响显示文摘为了探究镉(Cd)胁迫对木本植物生长发育和生理特性的影响,以一年生盆栽银中杨(Populus alba×P. berolinensis)为研究对象,在土壤基质中添加4种含量的Cd(0、0.5、1.5或2.5mg·kg^(-1)土壤),分析Cd处理下银中杨的生长状况,以及叶片的必需金属营养元素、氧化损伤、抗氧化酶和非酶类抗氧化剂的含量或活性。在Cd各含量处理下,银中杨苗木的生长量和生物量均受到显著抑制,表现为苗高、根长和地径,以及叶、茎、根鲜重和干重均显著低于对照(P <0.05)。Cd处理显著提高银中杨叶片对Cd的富集含量,并显著扰乱银中杨叶片金属营养元素K、Ca、Cu、Zn、Mn和Mg的代谢平衡(P <0.05)。在Cd处理后的第30、40或50天,银中杨幼苗叶片中的超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶活性和丙二醛含量均显著升高(P <0.05),且各指标值在3个采样日期均与Cd含量呈正相关性。此外,Cd各处理组次生代谢产物(黄酮类和木质素)的含量,以及参与次生代谢的2种关键酶(苯丙氨酸解氨酶和多酚氧化酶)的活性均显著增加(P <0.05)。Cd胁迫通过氧化损伤导致银中杨幼苗生长迟缓和营养元素代谢紊乱;银中杨的抗氧化防御系统被激活,在一定程度上缓解了Cd暴露对其造成的毒性效应。 | 徐金生 姜礅 严善春 | 2023 | 安徽农业大学学报2023，50，6： | 0 |
| 2 | 水稻吸收转运铁的生物地球化学机制研究进展显示文摘铁的生物吸收转移是环境中铁生物地球化学循环的重要过程之一,不仅控制着铁在稻米的累积,且影响水稻累积锌等养分元素及镉等重金属。阐明土壤-水稻体系中铁的吸收转移机制对深入理解稻田铁的环境行为与归趋具有重要的科学意义。主要介绍了水稻中铁吸收转运的功能基因、土壤-水稻系统铁同位素分馏及水稻植株中铁分布的光谱分析方法与手段,重点总结铁在水稻根部吸收及植物体内的转运过程,探讨铁对水稻根部锌和镉吸收的影响机制,可为提高水稻产量及改善稻米品质提供科学依据。 | 钟松雄 李晓敏 潘丹丹 高瑞川 余珊 李芳柏 | 2023 | 土壤学报2023，60，5： | 0 |
| 3 | Carbon Monoxide Modulates Auxin Transport and Nitric Oxide Signaling in Plants under Iron Deficiency Stress显示文摘Carbon monoxide(CO)and nitric oxide(NO)are signal molecules that enhance plant adaptation to environmental stimuli.Auxin is an essential phytohormone for plant growth and development.CO and NO play crucial roles in modulating the plant’s response to iron deficiency.Iron deficiency leads to an increase in the activity of heme oxygenase(HO)and the subsequent generation of CO.Additionally,it alters the polar subcellular distribution of Pin-Formed 1(PIN1)proteins,resulting in enhanced auxin transport.This alteration,in turn,leads to an increase in NO accumulation.Furthermore,iron deficiency enhances the activity of ferric chelate reductase(FCR),as well as the expression of the Fer-like iron deficiency-induced transcription factor 1(FIT)and the ferric reduction oxidase 2(FRO2)genes in plant roots.Overexpression of the long hypocotyl 1(HY1)gene,which encodes heme oxygenase,or the CO donor treatment resulted in enhanced basipetal auxin transport,higher FCR activity,and the expression of FIT and FRO2 genes under Fe deficiency.Here,a potential mechanism is proposed:CO and NO interact with auxin to address iron deficiency stress.CO alters auxin transport,enhancing its accumulation in roots and up-regulating key iron-related genes like FRO2 and IRT1.Elevated auxin levels affect NO signaling,leading to greater sensitivity in root development.This interplay promotes FCR activity,which is crucial for iron absorption.Together,these molecules enhance iron uptake and root growth,revealing a novel aspect of plant physiology in adapting to environmental stress. | Kaiyue Hong Yasmina Radani Waqas Ahmad Ping Li Yuming Luo | 2024 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2024，93，1： | 0 |
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