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1Machine learning of mechanical properties of steels显示文摘Knowledge of the mechanical properties of structural materials is essential for their practical applications. In the present work,three-hundred and sixty data samples on four mechanical properties of steels—fatigue strength, tensile strength, fracture strength and hardness—were selected from the Japan National Institute of Material Science database, comprising data on carbon steels and low-alloy steels. Five machine learning algorithms were used to predict the mechanical properties of the materials represented by the three-hundred and sixty data samples, and random forest regression showed the best predictive performance.Feature selection conducted by random forest and symbolic regressions revealed the four most important features that most influence the mechanical properties of steels: the tempering temperature of steel, and the alloying elements of carbon, chromium and molybdenum. Mathematical expressions were generated via symbolic regression, and the expressions explicitly predicted how each of the four mechanical properties varied quantitatively with the four most important features. This study demonstrates the great potential of symbolic regression in the discovery of novel advanced materials.XIONG Jie ZHANG TongYi SHI SanQiang 2020Science China(Technological Sciences)2020,63,7:4
2Machine learning in materials design:Algorithm and application显示文摘Traditional materials discovery is in ‘trial-and-error’ mode, leading to the issues of low-efficiency, high-cost, and unsustainability in materials design. Meanwhile, numerous experimental and computational trials accumulate enormous quantities of data with multi-dimensionality and complexity, which might bury critical ‘structure–properties’ rules yet unfortunately not well explored. Machine learning(ML), as a burgeoning approach in materials science, may dig out the hidden structure–properties relationship from materials bigdata, therefore, has recently garnered much attention in materials science. In this review, we try to shortly summarize recent research progress in this field, following the ML paradigm:(i) data acquisition →(ii) feature engineering →(iii) algorithm →(iv) ML model →(v) model evaluation →(vi) application. In section of application, we summarize recent work by following the ‘material science tetrahedron’:(i) structure and composition →(ii) property →(iii) synthesis →(iv) characterization, in order to reveal the quantitative structure–property relationship and provide inverse design countermeasures. In addition, the concurrent challenges encompassing data quality and quantity, model interpretability and generalizability, have also been discussed. This review intends to provide a preliminary overview of ML from basic algorithms to applications.宋志龙 陈曦雯 孟繁斌 程观剑 王陈 孙中体 尹万健 2020Chinese Physics B2020,29,11:1
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