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1NADPH homeostasis in cancer:functions,mechanisms and therapeutic implications显示文摘Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)is an essential electron donor in all organisms,and provides the reducing power for anabolic reactions and redox balance.NADPH homeostasis is regulated by varied signaling pathways and several metabolic enzymes that undergo adaptive alteration in cancer cells.The metabolic reprogramming of NADPH renders cancer cells both highly dependent on this metabolic network for antioxidant capacity and more susceptible to oxidative stress.Modulating the unique NADPH homeostasis of cancer cells might be an effective strategy to eliminate these cells.In this review,we summarize the current existing literatures on NADPH homeostasis,including its biological functions,regulatory mechanisms and the corresponding therapeutic interventions in human cancers,providing insights into therapeutic implications of targeting NADPH metabolism and the associated mechanism for cancer therapy.Huai-Qiang Ju Jin-Fei Lin Tian Tian Dan Xie Rui-Hua Xu 2020Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2020,5,1:3
2VDR–SOX2 signaling promotes colorectal cancer stemness and malignancy in an acidic microenvironment显示文摘The acidic tumor microenvironment provides an energy source driving malignant tumor progression.Adaptation of cells to an acidic environment leads to the emergence of cancer stem cells.The expression of the vitamin D receptor(VDR)is closely related to the initiation and development of colorectal carcinoma(CRC),but its regulatory mechanism in CRC stem cells is still unclear.Our study revealed that acidosis reduced VDR expression by downregulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta(PPARD)expression.Overexpression of VDR effectively suppressed the stemness and oxaliplatin resistance of cells in acidosis.The nuclear export signal in VDR was sensitive to acidosis,and VDR was exported from the nucleus.Chromatin immunoprecipitation(ChIP)and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing(ATAC-seq)analyses showed that VDR transcriptionally repressed SRY-box 2(SOX2)by binding to the vitamin D response elements in the promoter of SOX2,impairing tumor growth and drug resistance.We demonstrated that a change in the acidic microenvironment combined with overexpression of VDR substantially restricted the occurrence and development of CRC in vivo.These findings reveal a new mechanism by which acidosis could affect the stemness of CRC cells by regulating the expression of SOX2 and show that abnormal VDR expression leads to ineffective activation of vitamin D signaling,resulting in a lack of efficacy of vitamin D in antineoplastic process.Pei-Shan Hu Ting Li Jin-Fei Lin Miao-Zhen Qiu De-Shen Wang Ze-Xian Liu Zhan-Hong Chen Lu-Ping Yang Xiao-Long Zhang Qi Zhao Yan-Xing Chen Yun-Xin Lu Qi-Nian Wu Heng-Ying Pu Zhao-Lei Zeng Dan Xie Huai-Qiang Ju Hui-Yan Luo Rui-Hua Xu 2020Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2020,5,1:0
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