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| 1 | Root exudate chemistry affects soil carbon mobilization via microbial community reassembly显示文摘Plant roots are one of the major mediators that allocate carbon captured from the atmosphere to soils as rhizodeposits,including root exudates.Although rhizodeposition regulates both microbial activity and the biogeochemical cycling of nutrients,the effects of particular exudate species on soil carbon fluxes and key rhizosphere microorganisms remain unclear.By combining high-throughput sequencing,q-PCR,and NanoSIMS analyses,we characterized the bacterial community structure,quantified total bacteria depending on root exudate chemistry,and analyzed the consequences on the mobility of mineral-protected carbon.Using well-controlled incubation experiments,we showed that the three most abundant groups of root exudates(amino acids,carboxylic acids,and sugars)have contrasting effects on the release of dissolved organic carbon(DOC)and bioavailable Fe in an Ultisol through the disruption of organo-mineral associations and the alteration of bacterial communities,thus priming organic matter decomposition in the rhizosphere.High resolution(down to 50 nm)NanoSIMS images of mineral particles indicated that iron and silicon colocalized significantly more organic carbon following amino acid inputs than treatments without exudates or with carboxylic acids.The application of sugar strongly reduced microbial diversity without impacting soil carbon mobilization.Carboxylic acids increased the prevalence of Actinobacteria and facilitated carbon mobilization,whereas amino acid addition increased the abundances of Proteobacteria that prevented DOC release.In summary,root exudate functions are defined by their chemical composition that regulates bacterial community composition and,consequently,the biogeochemical cycling of carbon in the rhizosphere. | Tao Wen Guang-Hui Yu Wen-Dan Hong Jun Yuan Guo-Qing Niu Peng-Hao Xie Fu-Sheng Sun Lao-Dong Guo Yakov Kuzyakov Qi-Rong Shen | 2022 | Fundamental Research2022，2，5： | 4 |
| 2 | 土壤类过氧化物酶活性对长期施肥的响应显示文摘为探究不同施肥处理对土壤类过氧化物酶活性的影响,以灰漠土和红壤长期定位试验站施肥处理土壤为研究对象,借助纳米矿物颗粒的类酶颜色反应原理,研究了不施肥(CK)、施用化肥(NPK)、施用化肥和有机肥(NPKM)和施用有机肥(M)土壤类过氧化物酶活性的变化。结果表明:与天然辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)相似,土壤也具有经典的催化颜色反应,灰漠土和红壤类过氧化物酶活性范围为0.4~1.0 U/kg。长期施肥显著改变了土壤类过氧化物酶活性,其中以M处理土壤类过氧化物酶活性为最高,可达0.7 U/kg,比CK处理增加了70%以上。不同施肥年限下,CK和NPK处理土壤类过氧化物酶活性并无显著差异,而M和NPKM处理土壤类过氧化物酶活性则随施肥时间线性增加(R^(2)=0.71,P<0.01)。高温灭菌处理后,土壤类过氧化物酶活性大多没有改变,表明其活性是土壤本身固有的氧化还原特性;但M处理红壤类过氧化物酶活性比CK和NPK处理红壤稳定性更高。皮尔森相关性分析表明,类过氧化物酶活性可能影响土壤可溶性矿质元素(如硅和镁)水平。因此,施肥措施可以通过改变土壤固有类过氧化物酶活性而影响养分周转。 | 王苗苗 李波 余光辉 | 2023 | 土壤2023，55，1： | 2 |
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