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| 1 | Freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease: pathophysiology, risk factors and treatments显示文摘Background Freezing of gait(FOG)is a common,disabling symptom of Parkinson’s disease(PD),but the mechanisms and treatments of FOG remain great challenges for clinicians and researchers.The main focus of this review is to summarize the possible mechanisms underlying FOG,the risk factors for screening and predicting the onset of FOG,and the clinical trials involving various therapeutic strategies.In addition,the limitations and recommendations for future research design are also discussed.Main body In the mechanism section,we briefly introduced the physiological process of gait control and hypotheses about the mechanism of FOG.In the risk factor section,gait disorders,PIGD phenotype,lower striatal DAT uptake were found to be independent risk factors of FOG with consistent evidence.In the treatment section,we summarized the clinical trials of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments.Despite the limited effectiveness of current medications for FOG,especially levodopa resistant FOG,there were some drugs that showed promise such as istradefylline and rasagiline.Non-pharmacological treatments encompass invasive brain and spinal cord stimulation,noninvasive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)or transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)and vagus nerve stimulation(VNS),and physiotherapeutic approaches including cues and other training strategies.Several novel therapeutic strategies seem to be effective,such as rTMS over supplementary motor area(SMA),dual-site DBS,spinal cord stimulation(SCS)and VNS.Of physiotherapy,wearable cueing devices seem to be generally effective and promising.Conclusion FOG model hypotheses are helpful for better understanding and characterizing FOG and they provide clues for further research exploration.Several risk factors of FOG have been identified,but need combinatorial optimization for predicting FOG more precisely.Although firm conclusions cannot be drawn on therapeutic efficacy,the literature suggested that some therapeutic strategies showed promise. | Chao Gao Jun Liu Yuyan Tan Shengdi Chen | 2020 | Translational Neurodegeneration2020，9，2： | 9 |
| 2 | 帕金森病冻结步态治疗药物的研究进展显示文摘帕金森病是常见的神经系统变性疾病,冻结步态是帕金森病的难治性症状,表现为患者试图行走或前进时步伐短暂、突然地中止,在中晚期帕金森病患者中比较常见,严重影响患者的生活质量和预后。目前帕金森病冻结步态的治疗以药物为主,辅以康复及手术治疗。就帕金森病冻结步态治疗药物的研究进展进行综述,主要包括影响多巴胺能神经递质的药物,如左旋多巴、多巴胺能受体激动剂、单胺氧化酶B抑制剂;同时影响多巴胺能和非多巴胺能神经递质的药物,如金刚烷胺、屈昔多巴联合恩他卡朋、哌甲酯等;影响非多巴胺能神经递质的药物,如胆碱酯酶抑制剂、抗抑郁药及伊曲茶碱等。 | 赵鹏 | 2020 | 现代药物与临床2020，35，7： | 2 |
| 3 | 帕金森病冻结步态研究进展显示文摘冻结步态(FOG)是帕金森病(PD)中一种较为常见的短暂性发作的步态障碍,可导致患者跌倒,增加PD的致残率。目前临床对FOG的认识不足,本文将从FOG的发病机制、临床特征及治疗方面对其进行介绍。 | 张硕 赵丽丽 姜立刚 | 2021 | 吉林医药学院学报2021，42，2： | 2 |
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