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| 1 | 我国西南植物区系的分异:椿榆属和臭椿属化石的启示显示文摘滇西北-西藏和滇东南-桂西是我国西南植物区系中两个面貌和谱系年龄差异最为鲜明的区域,分别以区系年轻、草本植物和区系古老、木本植物为特征。其中一个饶为有趣的问题是这两个地区的区系分异现象是如何演变形成的?古植物学研究能为回答这一问题提供重要证据。本文报道分别发现于滇西北-西藏和滇东南-桂西的椿榆属(Cedrelospermum)和臭椿属(Ailanthus)化石新纪录。结合已有研究,这两个类群在我国西南的化石历史为:椿榆属见于西藏中始新世至晚渐新世(西藏椿榆C.tibetica)及滇东南晚始新世(亚洲椿榆C.asiaticum)地层,而臭椿属化石见于西藏中始新世至晚始新世(大果臭椿A.maximus)及滇东南晚始新世至早渐新世(古臭椿A.confucii)地层。以上古近纪滇西北-西藏和滇东南-桂西植物区系在属级水平上的相似性表明这两个地区之间曾经存在区系交流、类群组成相近。然而,在种级水平上,自晚始新世以来其椿榆属和臭椿属植物又各不相同,暗示着以上两个区系可能在晚始新世或更早已经由于环境分异等因素而向着不同的方向发展。现在椿榆属和臭椿属都已经从西藏消失了,取而代之的是总体上更为年轻的草本植物区系。与此不同,臭椿属在滇东南-桂西延续到了现在,体现了该地区区系的古老性。本研究为滇西北-西藏和滇东南-桂西植物区系在地质历史时期的相似性及其分异的形成提供了化石证据。 | 贾林波 苏涛 李伟成 李树峰 黄永江 周浙昆 | 2022 | 生物多样性2022，30，11： | 0 |
| 2 | Megafossils of Betulaceae from the Oligocene of Qaidam Basin and their paleoenvironmental and phytogeographic implications显示文摘Understanding the paleoenvironment and phytogeographical history of the Tibetan Plateau,China relies on discovering new plant fossils.The Qaidam Basin has long been regarded as an ideal‘field laboratory’to investigate the paleoclimate and paleobiological evolution of the northern Tibetan Plateau.However,fossil angiosperms from the Qaidam Basin are rare,and our knowledge of its paleovegetation is poor.Here,we report fossil leaves and fruits of Betulaceae found from the Oligocene Shangganchaigou Formation of northwestern Qaidam Basin(Huatugou area).Comparative morphological analysis led us to assign the fruits to the Betula subgenus Betula and the leaves to Carpinus grandis.These findings,together with other reported fossil plants from the same locality,reveal a close floristic linkage between the Qaidam Basin and Europe during the Oligocene.The northern pathway of this floristic exchange may have crossed through the Qaidam Basin during the late Paleogene.This floristic linkage may have been facilitated by the continuous narrowing of the Turgai Strait and stronger westerlies,which transported moisture and provided favorable climatic conditions.Indeed,fossil plants collected from the Qaidam Basin suggest that during the Oligocene this region had warm and humid deciduous broad-leaf forest,which differs from the region’s modern vegetation and indicates that the Qaidam Basin may have been a suitable region for these plants to flourish and spread during the Oligocene. | Tao Yang Jia-Hao Cai Yan-Zhi Dai Hong-Yu Chen Lei Han Li Zhang Wei-Yu Liang Xu-Jun Li Wen-Jia Li Jing-Yu Wu San-Ping Xie De-Fei Yan | 2024 | Plant Diversity2024，46，1： | 0 |
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