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| 1 | 岩脉型岩爆的形成机制及控制技术——以乌兹别克斯坦卡姆奇克隧道为例显示文摘在乌兹别克斯坦卡姆奇克隧道岩脉型岩爆特点总结的基础上,分析了岩脉型岩爆的形成机制,建立了该隧道危害最大的边墙岩脉型岩爆的力学模型,提出了相应的岩爆控制技术。研究表明:岩脉型岩爆的特点及危害与岩脉在隧道中的出露位置、厚度等密切相关,这类岩爆的形成机制与单一岩性并不一致;卡姆奇克隧道拱部岩脉型岩爆是由于隧道开挖后拱顶切向应力最大造成的;边墙出露岩脉型岩爆是由于隧道开挖卸荷和边墙竖向应力集中造成的,力学模型可简化为被卸荷裂隙切割的岩脉薄板在竖向应力集中后的压溃失稳;边墙内藏岩脉型岩爆是由于边墙出露的花岗岩受到其后岩脉的水平挤压以及隧道开挖后边墙竖向应力集中造成的,力学模型可简化为边墙临空花岗岩岩板(柱)在竖向压力和岩脉水平挤压应力共同作用下的压弯折断;岩脉对边墙花岗岩岩板(柱)的水平挤压是促使边墙内藏岩脉型岩爆发生的重要因素,它主要来源于两方面:一是岩脉侵入产生的'楔体挤压',二是岩脉与花岗岩的水平差异变形受到花岗岩的抑制导致的水平挤压。隧道开挖后,在边墙及时施作预应力锚杆是防止边墙岩脉型岩爆的有效措施。 | 刘成禹 罗洪林 李红军 张向向 | 2021 | 岩土力学2021，42，5： | 4 |
| 2 | Grenvillian and early Paleozoic polyphase metamorphism recorded by eclogite and host garnet mica schist in the North Qaidam orogenic belt显示文摘The North Qaidam orogenic belt(NQOB) is generally considered to be an early Paleozoic ultrahigh pressure metamorphic belt,but increasing reports of the Neoproterozoic magmatic and metamorphic events indicate that the NQOB probably also experienced the assembly of the Rodinia.However,the Neoproterozoic evolution of the NQOB is not well constrained due to the sparse records and ambiguous nature of the Neoproterozoic metamorphism.In order to reveal the multi-orogenic history of the NQOB,an integrated study of petrology,phase equilibrium modelling and geochronology was conducted on an epidote eclogite and host garnet mica schist from the Yuka–Luofengpo terrane.New zircon and monazite U–Pb ages show that the protolith of the garnet mica schist was deposited during 994–920 Ma and experienced Neoproterozoic(920–915 Ma) and early Paleozoic(451–447 Ma) polyphase metamorphism together with the enclosed eclogite.Relic omphacite inclusions were first identified in garnet and early Paleozoic zircon domains from the garnet mica schist,which provide solid evidence for the early Paleozoic eclogite facies metamorphism of the mica schist.Similar early Paleozoic peak P–T conditions of >27.4 kbar/613–670 ℃ and 30.2–30.8 kbar/646–655 ℃ were obtained for the garnet mica schist and enclosed eclogite,respectively,indicating that eclogites and their host paragneisses in this region underwent continental deep subduction as a coherent metamorphic terrane in early Paleozoic.The peak P–T conditions of the Neoproterozoic metamorphism were roughly constrained at 7.7–12.0 kbar and 634–680 ℃ for the garnet mica schist,based on stability field of mineral inclusions in Neoproterozoic zircons domains in P–T pseudosection,the relic garnet core composition and Ti-in-zircon thermometer.The high thermal gradients(16–37 ℃/km) defined by presently our and previously reported P–T conditions indicate that the Neoproterozoic metamorphism likely occurred in continental collision setting at >945–890 Ma.Since the Grenvillian syn-orogenic granitic magmatism and metamorphism(ca.1.0–0.9 Ga) in the NQOB are much younger than the Grenvillian orogeny in the central part of Rodinia,the Qaidam Block was probably located at the north margin of Rodinia in Neoproterozoic. | Yunfei Ren Danling Chen Haijie Wang Xiaohui Zhu Bowen Bai | 2021 | Geoscience Frontiers2021，12，4： | 0 |
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