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| 1 | 新入海水沙情势下的黄河口沙嘴动态响应显示文摘河口沙嘴位居河海动力交互区,对水沙变化的响应速度快。为了解近期黄河入海水沙情势及其影响下的河口沙嘴演变规律,基于高分辨率卫星数据和水文资料,运用统计学方法进行分析探讨。结果表明:(1) 1999年以来入海水沙延续偏枯态势,变化过程由线性向周期性波动转变,波动周期为6~8 a, 2018—2021年处于波动上升期;(2) 2018年以来,河口沙嘴北、东汊道交替成为淤积主体,河长年均延伸0.7 km,沙嘴年均造陆16.9 km2;(3)尽管偏少的来水来沙条件不利于三角洲整体的向海淤积,但极端径流带来的强烈泥沙输移入海仍然会使河口沙嘴面积增加;(4)现阶段的汊道格局减缓了河长延伸但加快了沙嘴造陆,对于长期稳定清水沟流路起到积极作用,但当前不利于河口湿地生态安全。 | 凡姚申 窦身堂 王万战 王广州 陈沈良 姬泓宇 李鹏 | 2023 | 水科学进展2023，34，1： | 2 |
| 2 | Toward Sustainable Revegetation in the Loess Plateau Using Coupled Water and Carbon Management显示文摘The'Grain-for-Green'project on the Loess Plateau is the largest revegetation program in the world.However,revegetation-induced land use changes can influence both water and carbon cycles,and the diverse consequences were not well understood.Therefore,the reasonability and sustainability of revegetation measures are in question.This study quantifies the impacts of revegetation-induced land use conversions on the water and carbon cycles in a typical watershed on the Loess Plateau and identifies suitable areas where revegetation of forest or grassland could benefit both soil and water conservation and carbon sequestration.We used a coupled hydro-biogeochemical model to simulate the changes of a few key components in terms of water and carbon by designing a variety of hypothetical land use conversion scenarios derived from revegetation policy.Compared to the baseline condition(land use in 2000),both sediment yield and water yield decreased substantially when replacing steep cropland with forest or grassland.Converting cropland with slopes larger than 25°,15°,and 6°to forest(CTF)would enhance the carbon sequestration with a negligible negative effect on soil water content,while replacing cropland with grassland(CTG)would result in a decline in net primary production but with a substantial increase in soil water content(3.8%-14.9%).Compared to the baseline,the soil organic carbon would increase by 0.9%-3.2% in CTF and keep relatively stable in CTG.Through testing a variety of hypothetical revegetation scenarios,we identified potential priority areas for CTF and CTG,where revegetation may be appropriate and potentially beneficial to conserving soil and water and enhancing carbon sequestration.Our study highlights the challenges in future water and carbon coupling management under revegetation policy,and our quantitative results and identification of potential areas for revegetation could provide information to policy makers for seeking optimal management on the Loess Plateau. | Fubo Zhao Yiping Wu Xiaowei Yin Georgii Alexandrov Linjing Qiu | 2022 | Engineering2022，8，8： | 0 |
| 3 | 清水河流域场次洪水输沙特性及关键影响因素显示文摘[目的]揭示水沙对关键环境因子的响应规律,以期为促进黄河流域水土保持综合治理提供理论基础。[方法]利用清水河流域场次洪量和输沙量数据,基于径流侵蚀功率理论和随机森林等方法系统分析了清水河流域场次洪水输沙特性及其关键影响因素。[结果]流域产洪输沙量呈现显著的空间分异特性,影响不同子流域洪水输沙过程的主要参量有所区别。随机森林结果表明在小量级洪水频发的区域主要影响因素为径流深、洪水历时与洪峰流量,而在中量级洪水频发的区域则分别为径流深、洪峰流量与平均流量。在侵蚀产沙的解释变量中引入表征径流过程的复合指标更能综合体现天然降水和流域下垫面属性对次洪过程侵蚀产沙的影响,其拟合精度相较于传统的径流-输沙关系更高。[结论]相比于传统的径流深、平均流量或者洪峰流量等单一径流参量指标,径流侵蚀功率更适宜描述次洪尺度水沙关系。 | 付思佳 张会兰 杨军 | 2023 | 水土保持研究2023，30，6： | 0 |
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