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| 1 | Application of a Degree-Day Model for Determination of Mass Balance of Urumqi Glacier No. 1, Eastern Tianshan, China显示文摘In order to verify the feasibility and stability of a degree-day model on simulating the long time series of glacier mass balance, we apply a degree-day model to simulate the mass balance of Urumqi Glacier No. 1 for the period 1987/1988-2007/2008 based on temperature and precipitation data from a nearby climate station. The model is calibrated by simulating point measurements of mass bal-ance, mass balance profiles, and mean specific mass balance during 1987/1988-1996/1997. The opti-mized parameters are obtained by using a least square method to make the model fit the measured mass balance through the model calibration. The model validation (1997/1998-2007/2008) indicates that the modeled results are in good agreement with the observations. The static mass balance sensitiv-ity of Urumqi Glacier No. 1 is analyzed by computing the mass balance of the glacier for a temperature increase of 1 ℃, with and without a 5% precipitation increase, and the values for the east branch are -0.80 and -0.87 m w.e. a-1·℃-1, respectively, and for the west branch, the values are -0.68 and -0.74 m w.e. a-1·℃-1, respectively. Moreover, the analysis of the parameter stability indicates that the parame-ters in the model determined from the current climate condition can be applied in the prediction of the future mass balance changes for the glacier and provide a reference for extending the model to other small glaciers in western China. | 吴利华 李慧林 王林 | 2011 | Journal of Earth Science2011，22，4： | 7 |
| 2 | 中国天山过去43年大气环境变化:来自冰芯草酸根记录的证据显示文摘中、低纬度地区山地冰川有机酸记录的研究是目前国际冰芯地球化学研究的前沿之一。中国天山乌鲁木齐河源一号冰川为一中纬度山地冰川。对其冰芯的草酸根含量的分析显示,其冰芯所记录的过去43 年草酸根变化的总体特征是在一个背景值基础上存在着含量的突变峰值。草酸根的背景值含量在1 ng/g左右,在部分冰芯段,其含量甚至低于测试分析的检测限;而大多数草酸根峰值的含量都达到或超过了10 ng/g。草酸根的平均含量为3.6 ±9.2 ng/g ( x±1σ, N=534),其中70%以上由峰值构成。50年代后期是草酸根的一个低值期,平均含量略高于本底值;至60-70年代达到最高值,平均含量为5.0ng/g;80年代草酸根平均含量又下降到接近50 年代后期的水平;至90年代回落到本底值附近。草酸根的主要来源是人类活动对大气所造成的污染。其过去43 年平均含量的变化大致与中国西部工业和环境保护事业的发展历程相一致,是西部区域大气污染变化的一种反应。 | 李心清 秦大河 蒋倩 江伟 焦克勤 | 2005 | 地球与环境2005，33，1： | 4 |
| 3 | 天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川气溶胶可溶性离子观测与分析研究显示文摘基于2003年、2004年和2007年3年内共采集的155个气溶胶样品的分析测试,探讨了天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川区气溶胶中可溶性离子的组成及年际变化特征,并对其可能来源进行了分析.结果表明,气溶胶可溶性离子平均浓度为2.759μg·m-3,化学组成以NO-3、SO2-4、Ca2+和CO2-3为主,冰川区大气环境呈碱性.可溶性离子总质量浓度年际变化特征为2007年>2004年>2003年,主要离子组成没有发生明显变化,但单一离子浓度变化不尽相同,其原因主要与沙尘活动的强弱有关.Ca2+、Na+、Mg2+、CO2-3和Cl-主要可能来自陆源矿物,而NO-3和NH+4很大程度上以人为源为主;并且发现,SO2-4和K+可能同时受陆地源与人类活动来源的影响.通过气团轨迹聚类分析得出,冰川区大气主要受来自西南方、西方及西北方3个方向气团的控制,这些气团均经过伊犁河谷或阿拉山口到达冰川区,其中,在距地面2000 m以下高度传输的气团会带来大量的沙尘物质,影响冰川区大气环境. | 岳晓英 李忠勤 樊晋 魏永山 | 2015 | 环境科学学报2015，35，9： | 3 |
| 4 | 天山胜利达坂地区积雪分布特征显示文摘本研究利用天山胜利达坂地区2014—2016年Landsat系列卫星的57景ETM+或OLI遥感影像,基于SNOMAP算法提取研究区积雪面积,并结合DEM数据研究了海拔高度、坡向和坡度对研究区积雪空间分布的影响。结果表明,随着海拔的增加,积雪覆盖率持续增加;阴坡积雪覆盖率约是阳坡的2~3倍。进一步的一般线性模型(GLM)分析表明:海拔、坡向和坡度均显著影响积雪的空间分布,但各地形因子的影响程度在不同季节有所差异。在冬季(12~2月),坡向是影响积雪覆盖率空间变异的主要地形因子,贡献了积雪覆盖率总变异的57%,约是海拔的2倍,坡度的4.5倍。对其他季节而言,海拔是主要影响因子,其次是坡向,坡度的影响最小。 | 赵静毅 陈继 吴青柏 李静 侯鑫 | 2018 | 山地学报2018，36，1： | 2 |
| 5 | 高寒山区固态降水观测对比研究显示文摘降水类型变化是深入理解全球变暖背景下陆地水循环演变的重要内容,高寒山区降水类型观测研究一直是国内外学者关注的热点和难点问题。本文选用2018年5月至2020年4月乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川末端的PWS100激光雨滴谱仪和Geonor T-200B称重式雨雪量计的同步降水观测数据进行对比研究。结果表明:(1)PWS100观测结果显示该试验场以固态降水为主,固体颗粒物占总颗粒物的63%,液体颗粒物占总颗粒物的37%;月尺度上,6-8月粒子数量最多,其中液态粒子占57%,固态粒子43%。其余月份以固态粒子数为主,占总粒子数的96%。(2)基于降水粒子在不同温度区间所占比重,以气温6.5℃为临界值划分降水类型。修正后T-200B降雨总累积量为1202 mm,占DFIR的67%,低估了降水量,但平均相对捕获率达到了87%。(3)两台仪器观测的降水总量大致相同(仅相差71 mm),然而,季节性差异明显,6-8月PWS100比T-200B高出73 mm,9月至次年5月则少37 mm。PWS100在降水量大、降水类型复杂的夏季,观测到的降水量大,而冬季降水量较少,且PWS100对小雨滴不敏感,会导致捕获量的不足,因此,T-200B在捕获固态降水方面更有效。研究结果为进一步研究变暖背景下山区流域径流季节变化提供了实验基础。 | 陈普晨 李忠勤 王璞玉 贾玉峰 金爽 | 2023 | 高原气象2023，42，1： | 2 |
| 6 | 天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川NH_4^+沉积特征研究显示文摘气溶胶和表层雪样品取自2004年3月~2005年3月,取样间隔为7d,取样地点在乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川积累区海拔4130m,对1号冰川上大气气溶胶中NH4+雪冰沉积与后沉积过程进行分析。结果表明,气溶胶及表层雪中NH4+浓度都存在明显的季节变化规律。春-夏季表层雪和气溶胶中的NH4+浓度表现出线性关系,说明春夏温湿条件有利于NH4+在气-雪之间的交换。在秋冬季节,湿度是NH4+沉积的重要影响因素。气溶胶中与表层雪中NH4+的浓度变化趋势相似,表明大气中NH4+的演化信息可以被很好地保存在冰川表层雪中。此外,讨论了NH4+可能来源。结果表明,人类放牧活动对冰川区中NH4+有重要贡献。 | 王鹏 李忠勤 张明军 李慧林 董志文 高文华 | 2010 | 安徽农业科学2010，38，25： | 1 |
| 7 | Snow cover influences the thermal regime of active layer in Urumqi River Source,Tianshan Mountains,China显示文摘Snow cover is characterized by the high albedo, low thermal conductivity, and notable heat transition during phase changes. Thus, snow cover significantly affects the ground thermal regime. A comparison of the snow cover in high latitudes or high-altitude snowy mountain regions indicates that the eastern Tianshan Mountains(China) show a characteristically thin snow cover(snow depth below 15 cm) with remarkable temporal variability. Based on snow depth, heat flux, and ground temperature from 2014 to 2015 in the Urumqi River source, the spatialtemporal characteristics of snow cover and snow cover influences on the thermal conditions of active layer in the permafrost area were analyzed. During the autumn(Sept.-Oct.), thin and discontinuous snow cover can noticeably accelerate the exothermic process of the ground, producing a cooling effect on the shallow soil. During the winter(Nov.-Mar.), it is inferred that the effective thermal insulation starts with snow depth exceeding 10 cm during early winter.However, the snow depth in this area is generally below 15 cm, and the resulting snow-induced thermal insulation during the winter is very limited. Due to common heavy snowfalls in the spring(Apr. to May), the monthly mean snow thickness in April reached to 15 cm and remained until mid-May. Snow cover during the spring significantly retarded the ground warming. Broadly, snow cover in the study area exerts a cooling effect on the active layer and plays a positive role in the development and preservation of permafrost. | ZHAO Jing-yi CHEN Ji WU Qing-bai HOU Xin | 2018 | Journal of Mountain Science2018，15，12： | 1 |
| 8 | Tropospheric pyruvate changes in the remote area of northwestern China显示文摘Pyruvate is a light carboxylate in the troposphere and can act as potential cloud condensation nuclei. Due to its low concentrations, however, little work has been done on the species in precipitation. Past 43-year record of pyruvate was recovered from an ice core of Glacier 1 at 43°06′N and 86°49′E in the remote East Tianshan, northwestern China. It was revealed that pyruvate varied over a relatively large range with some below the detection limit, while part of it is so high as to be up to 70 ng·g{-1}. With an average concentration of {4.1} ± {8.1} ng·g{-1} (mean ± 1σ, N=543), pyruvate is a minor species in comparison with other carboxylates. It is also low as compared with its precipitation in other parts of the world, suggesting a difference in its major source flux. The record revealed high pyruvate concentrations in the late halves of the 1950s and 1980s, but low in the late 1950s, late 1970s, and middle 1990s. The variation trend in the past 43 years is closely correlated with that of acetate, a major carboxylate from anthropogenic pollution to the atmosphere, indicating that tropospheric pyruvate in the remote area of northwestern China is probably a by-product in acetate formation. | 李心清 秦大河 江伟 蒋倩 | 2005 | Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry2005，24，3： | 0 |
| 9 | Rapid mass loss and disappearance of summer-accumulation type hanging glacier显示文摘Hanging glaciers hold the absolute dominant number in West China and their changes had important influences on local hydrology,sea-level rise and natural hazards(snow/ice avalanches).However,logistic and operational difficulties have resulted in the lack of in-situ-measured data,leaving us with poor knowledge of the changing behaviors of this type of glacier.Here,we presented the spatiotemporal pattern of seasonal and annual mass changes of a mid-latitude hanging glacier in the Tien Shan based on repeated terrestrial laser scanning(TLS)surveys during the period 2016-2018.The distributed glacier surface elevation changes exhibited highly spatiotemporal variability,and the winter elevation changes showed slight surface lowering at the upper elevations and weak thickening at the glacier terminus,which was contrary to altitudinal elevation changing patterns at the summer and annual scales.Mass balance processes of the hanging glacier mainly occurred during summer and the winter mass balance was nearly balanced(-0.10±0.15 m w.e.).The glacier exhibited more rapid mass loss than adjacent other morphological glacier and the estimated response time of the glacier to climate change was very short(6-9 years),indicating hanging glaciers will experience rapid wastage and disappearance in the future even with climate change mitigation. | Chun-Hai XU Zhong-Qin LI Fei-Teng WANG Pu-Yu WANG Jian-Xin MU | 2022 | Advances in Climate Change Research2022，13，1： | 0 |
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