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| 1 | Acute infectious osteomyelitis in children: new treatment strategies for an old enemy显示文摘Background Acute osteomyelitis still represents a significant clinical challenge,with an increasing incidence in paediatric population.A careful assessment and a rapid diagnosis with proper timing and choice of empirical antimicrobial therapy are necessary to avoid sequelae.The initial treatment should consist of empirical antibiotic therapy,to cover the major responsible pathogens in each age group.Data sources We made a literature search with PubMed and Cochrane database from 2000 to 2019 in English,French,and Spanish languages using the key words'osteomyelitis,children,clinical,diagnosis,and treatment'.Results The child's clinical features,age,and the microbiological profile of the geographic area should be evaluated for diagnosis and in the choice of antibiotic treatment.Latest data suggest the administration of intravenous antibiotics for a short period,with subsequent oral therapy,according to the improvement of clinical status and inflammatory markers.For children older than 3 months,the shift to oral medications is already possible after a short course of intravenous therapy,until recovery.The timing for the shift from cefazolin to cephalexin or cefuroxime,intravenous clindamycin to oral clindamycin,and intravenous ceftriaxone+oxacillin to oral equivalents will be decided according to the improvement of clinical status and inflammatory markers.We also present the approach to osteomyelitis due to difficult pathogens,such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)and Panton-Valentine leukocidin(PVL)-positive S.aureus infections.Conclusion In this review,we present the current approach to the clinical diagnosis and management of osteomyelitis in childhood,with an update on recent recommendations,as a useful instrument to understand the rationale of antibiotic therapy. | Sabrina Congedi Chiara Minotti Carlo Giaquinto Liviana Da Dalt Daniele Don | 2020 | World Journal of Pediatrics2020，16，5： | 8 |
| 2 | 抗生素灌洗疗法联合高压氧治疗骨髓炎的临床疗效显示文摘目的分析抗生素灌洗疗法联合高压氧治疗骨髓炎的临床效果。方法选取永州市零陵外骨科医院2017年收治的骨髓炎患者74例,根据个人意愿分为参照组和试验组,各37例。参照组患者采用抗生素生理盐水灌洗治疗,试验组患者在参照组基础上予以高压氧治疗。比较两组患者的临床疗效、抗生素使用时间、愈合时间、住院时间及治疗前后炎性因子[白介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)],并比较两组患者疾病复发情况。结果试验组患者临床疗效优于参照组(P<0.05)。试验组患者抗生素使用时间、愈合时间及住院时间短于参照组(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组患者IL-6、TNF-α水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,试验组患者IL-6、TNF-α水平低于参照组(P<0.05)。治疗后试验组患者疾病复发率低于参照组(P<0.05)。结论抗生素灌洗疗法联合高压氧治疗骨髓炎的临床疗效确切,其可有效改善患者的临床症状及体征,促进疾病愈合,减轻炎性反应,降低疾病复发率。 | 李洪超 | 2018 | 临床合理用药杂志2018，11，36： | 2 |
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