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| 1 | Ammonium Salt Deposition Characteristics in an Air Cooler System Based on the Coupling of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Simulation显示文摘The ammonium salt corrosion is a typical failure mode for the hydrogenation reaction effluent air cooler(REAC) system. In order to investigate the corrosion characteristics in the REAC system, numerical simulations were performed by using the mixture model, the heating transfer model, and the particles tracking model. The results show that the differences between the temperature and the velocity at each cross section of the first-row and second-row tubes are small. The inertia of the particles plays an important role in the particle’s deposition, and the smaller particles distribute more uniformly in the air cooler. However, for larger particles, they prefer falling from the inner side of the vertical elbow, and preferentially depositing at the inlet header and pipes before saturation. In the heat exchanger tubes, the particle deposition number is larger in the second-row tubes than that in the first-row tubes, and the high-risk tubes mainly concentrate on the middle and right side of the air cooler. The kinetic parameters of the particles are in accordance with the blocking-prone position in many real operating conditions. | Jin Haozhe Zhou Junfeng Liu Wenwen Liu Xiaofei Ou Guofu | 2019 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2019，21，4： | 4 |
| 2 | Analysis,Prediction and Process Optimization Concerning Ammonium Chloride Corrosion in Ebullated-Bed Hydrogenation Unit for Treating Residual Oil显示文摘Ammonium chloride corrosion in the reactor effluent system remains to be a barrier for the safe operation of the ebullated-bed hydrogenation unit as impurity content is higher compared with that of the ordinary hydrogenation units.In this research,a Sinopec envisaged case study was conducted on feed oil containing 2.92μg/g of Cl and 0.38%of N,because the impurity content of feed oil was representative in residue oil.The deposition patterns in heat exchangers were investigated by changing process variables,and then water wash strategy was optimized in view of the relative humidity to obtain a minimum water flowrate,and finally the process optimization suggestions concerning the operation of heat exchangers were proposed.Results show that with the measured content of nitrogen and chlorine in the feed,the NH4Cl deposition temperature of hot high-pressure vapor and hot low-pressure vapor was 223.4℃ and 173.7℃,respectively,and the minimum water wash flowrate for heat exchangers of hot high-pressure vapor with mixed hydrogen and hot low-pressure vapor with cold low-pressure oil was 38.0 t/h and 5.4 t/h,respectively.Water wash should be carried out intermittently upstream of the heat exchanger tube passes.In consideration of energy consumption,it is recommended to reduce the tube pass outlet temperature of the above heat exchangers to 240℃ and 190℃,respectively. | Bao Zhenyu Wang Ning Zhang Hongfei Duan Yongfeng Yu Fengchang | 2020 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2020，22，4： | 1 |
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