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| 1 | Changes in Soil Carbon Pools Induced by Substitution of Plantation for Native Forest显示文摘Changes in soil carbon pools under Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) and bamboo (Phyllostachyspubescens) plantations substituted for a native forest ( Quereus acutissima, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Cas-tanopsis sclerophylla, Platycarya strobilacea, Lithocarpus glaber) were studied on the hills with acid parentrock and soils classified as red soils (Ferrisols) in Huzhou, Zhejiang Province of east China. It was foundthat total soil organic carbon (TSOC), easily oxidisable carbon (EOC) and water-soluble organic carbon(WSOC) under bamboo plantation were increased, but microbial biomass carbon (MBC) was decreased. Onthe contrary, Chinese fir induced declines of all fractions of C including TSOC, EOC, WSOC and MBC.The percentages of the active fractions of soil C (EOC and WSOC) were increased in the plantations ascompared to the native broad-leaved forest, but proportions of soil organic C as MBC were decreased. Itcould be concluded that bamboo plantation had a great ability of not only fixing C but also accelerating soilC pool cycle, improving nutrient and microorganism activity; therefore, it is a good ecosystem and could berecommended for wide development. Chinese fir would shrink the soil C pool and deteriorate soil biologicalfertility, so it did not benefit CO2 fixing and land sustainable utilization. | XUQIUFANG XUJIANMING | 2003 | Pedosphere2003，13，3： | 44 |
| 2 | 百花山山地土壤中有机质的垂直分布规律显示文摘本文测定了北京百花山山地典型土壤剖面各发生层的有机质含量、腐殖酸组分、可见光谱,利用相关分析方法计算了有机质与海拔高度之间的相关系数。结果表明:有机质与海拔高度的相关系数为0.94,,呈显著相关水平;各剖面土壤腐殖质分析结果表明,该山地土壤的HA/FA值、E4/E6值随着海拔高度的升高而呈现上升趋势。 | 吕贻忠 张凤荣 孙丹峰 | 2005 | 土壤2005，37，3： | 32 |
| 3 | 不同林药复合经营模式对杉木生态公益林土壤理化性质的改良效果显示文摘为筛选适宜的林药模式,促进杉木Cunninghamia lanceolata生态公益林改造和林下经济的健康发展,研究了杉木与药用植物复合经营对退化林地土壤理化性质的影响。采用完全随机区组试验设计在杉木生态公益林内构建8种复合经营模式。在模式内分层取土测定6个物理指标和9个化学指标,并采用灰色关联法对各模式的改良效果进行综合评价。结果表明:8种药用植物均能显著(P<0.05)改善土壤物理性质和养分质量分数,尤其是对表层土壤,其中土壤含水量、田间持水量、总孔隙度以杉木+胆木Nauclea officinalis模式改良效果为佳,分别比杉木纯林模式提高50.5%,75.1%和36.9%;非毛管孔隙度以杉木+石笔木Tutcheria championi模式最佳,是纯林的1.1倍;土壤容重以杉木+梅叶冬青Ilex asprella模式最低,比纯林降低了22.3%。土壤有机质、有效氮、速效钾、全钾和全磷质量分数以杉木+草豆蔻Alpinia katsumadai最高,分别比纯林提高了41.8%,35.0%,108.1%,42.4%和37.0%;土壤有效磷质量分数以杉木+裸花紫珠Callicarpa nudiflora最高,是杉木纯林的2.1倍;土壤全氮和阳离子交换量分别以杉木+胆木和杉木+金花茶Camellia nitidissima模式最高,分别比杉木纯林提高32.1%和52.0%。20~40 cm土层中,土壤物理性质亦有不同程度的提高,而养分大多差异不显著。灰色关联分析表明:8种林药模式对杉木生态公益林土壤理化性质改良效果关联度大小排序为:杉木+草豆蔻>杉木+胆木>杉木+梅叶冬青>杉木+红豆杉Taxus chinensis>杉木+石笔木>杉木+裸花紫珠>杉木+土沉香Aquilaria sinensis>杉木+金花茶>杉木纯林。杉木+草豆蔻模式是本研究中改良杉木生态公益林林地土壤理化性质最佳的复合模式,可考虑推广应用。 | 李晨晨 周再知 梁坤南 黄桂华 杨光 | 2018 | 浙江农林大学学报2018，35，1： | 21 |
| 4 | Effect of Slash Burning on Nutrient Removal and Soil Fertility in Chinese Fir and Evergreen Broadleaved Forests of Mid-Subtropical China显示文摘A Chinese fir forest (Cunninghamia lanceolata, CF) and an evergreen broadleaved forest (EB) located inFujian Province, southeastern China, were examined following slash burning to compare nutrient capital andtopsoil properties with pre-burn levels. After fire, nutrient (N, P and K) removal from burning residues wasestimated at 302.5 kg ha-1 in the CF and 644.8 kg ha-1 in the EB. Fire reduced the topsoil capitals of totalN and P by about 20% and 10%, respectively, in both forests, while K capital was increased in the topsoils ofboth forests following fire. Total site nutrient loss through surface erosion was 28.4 kg (N) ha-1, 8.4 kg (P)ha-1 and 328.7 kg (K) ha-1 in the CF. In the EB, the losses of total N, P and K were 58.5, 10.5 and 396.3kg ha-1, respectively. Improvement of soil structure and increase in mineralization of nutrients associatedwith increased microbe number and enzyme activities and elevated soil respiration occurred 5 days after fire.However, organic matter and available nutrient contents and most of other soil parameters declined one yearafter fire on the burned CF and EB topsoils. These results suggest that short-term site productivity canbe stimulated immediately, but reduced subsequently by soil and water losses, especially in South China,where high-intensity precipitation, steep slopes and fragile soil can be expected. Therefore, the silviculturalmeasurements should be developed in plantation management. | YANG YUSHENG, GUO JIANFEN, CHEN GUANGSHUI, HE ZONGMING and XIE JINSHENGFujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Nanping 353001 (China) | 2003 | Pedosphere2003，13，1： | 19 |
| 5 | Soil Biological Changes for a Natural Forest and Two Plantations in Subtropical China显示文摘Conversion of natural forests into pure plantation forests is a common management practice in subtropical China.To evaluate the effects of forest conversion on soil fertility, microbe numbers and enzyme activities in topsoils (0-10 cm)were quantified in two 33-year-old monoculture plantations of Castanopsis kawakamii Hayata (CK) and Cunninghamia lanceolata Lamb. (Chinese fir) (CF), and compared to a neighboring relict natural C. kawakamii forest (NF), in Sanming,Fujian. Five soil samples were collected once each in January, April, July, September and November in 2000 in each forest for laboratory analysis. Over the sampling year, there were significant differences for bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes between forests and between seasons (P < 0.05). The largest bacteria and fungi populations were in NF, while CF contained the greatest number of actinomycetes. There were also significant differences (P < 0.05) with microbial respiration for forests and seasons. Additionally, compared with NF, urease and acid phosphatase were significantly lower (P < 0.05)in CK and CF. Also, the correlations of soil hydrolysable N and available P to soil microbial and enzymatic activities were highly significant (P < 0.01). Thus, to alter the traditional Chinese fir monoculture so as to mimic the natural forest conditions, managing mixed stands of Chinese fir and broadleaf trees or conducting crop rotation of conifers and broadleaf trees as well as minimizing forest disturbances like clear-cutting, slash burning and soil preparing, could be utilized. | CHENGuang-Shui YANGYu-Sheng XIEJin-Sheng LILing GAORen | 2004 | Pedosphere2004，14，3： | 18 |
| 6 | 滨海水稻土腐殖质的组成及随种稻时间演变的研究初报显示文摘通过研究滨海水稻土腐殖质各成分的组成及性质,结果表明各组分有机碳及氮含量均为表层最高,C/N在结构相对稳定的结合态腐殖质和胡敏酸(HA)中波动较小,而在游离态腐殖质和富里酸(FA)中变化较大。随着种稻时间变长,结合态的腐殖质和胡敏酸有在土壤中积累的趋势,在1 000 a水稻土中腐殖质的芳香化程度最高、结构最复杂。 | 古小治 章钢娅 俞元春 曹志洪 | 2008 | 土壤学报2008，45，4： | 17 |
| 7 | Impact of Continuous Chinese Fir Monoculture on Soil显示文摘Soil properties were investigated in sites where three succeeding generations of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lambert) Hooker) in Nanping, Fujian, China, were cultivated in order to show the impact of a repeated monoculture on site productivity. Compared with the first generation (FG) stand the soil structure deteriorated in the second generation (SG) and the third generation (TG) stands. For instance,the destruction rate of the peds increased by 55%-115% in the SG and the TG stands compared to the FG stand. Soil nutrient storage and nutrient availability also decreased in the SG and the TG stands. For surface soils of 0-20 cm, the organic matter content, total N and P, and available N and P decreased by 3%-20% relative to those in the FG stand. For many soil parameters, the differences between the FG stand and the SG and the TG stands were statistically significant (LSD test, P < 0.05). Furthermore, with each succeeding generation of Chinese fir, the total number of soil microbes declined, the soil enzyme activity weakened, and the soil biological activity decreased. In order to maintain sustainable site productivity, new silvicultural practices need to be developed for management of Chinese fir plantations. | YANGYu-Sheng LIUChun-Jiang: W.KUTSCH CHENGuang-Shuit YUXin-Tuo | 2004 | Pedosphere2004，14，1： | 13 |
| 8 | 杉木人工林土壤碳库动态研究现状及展望显示文摘土壤有机碳(SOC)是陆地生态系统中最大的有机碳库,在全球碳循环中发挥着重要的作用。因此,土壤有机碳动态是生态系统碳循环研究中的关键。杉木人工林是我国亚热带主要的人工林,综述了杉木经营过程中土壤有机质动态变化研究现状,以及采伐、整地、炼山等人类活动对土壤有机碳库影响等相关研究。 | 陈进宁 汪思龙 | 2007 | 广西林业科学2007，36，3： | 11 |
| 9 | Streamflow and Soil Moisture of Agroforestry and Grass Watersheds in Hilly Area显示文摘A study was conducted in a hilly area of Sichuan Province,Southwestern China, to compare the streamflow and soil moisture in two upland watersheds with different land use patterns. One was an agroforestry watershed, which consisted mainly of trees with alder (Alnus cremastogyne Burkill) and cypress (Cupressus funebris Endl.) planted in belts or strips with a coverage of about 46%, and the other was a grassland primarily composed of lalang grass (Imperata cylindrica var. major (Nees) C. E. Hubb.), filamentary clematis (Clematis filamentosa Dunn) and common eulaliopsis (Eulaliopsis binata (Retz.) C. E. Hubb) with a coverage of about 44%. Streamflow measurement with a hydrograph established at the watershed outlet showed that the average annual streamflow per 100 mm rainfall from 1983 to 1992 was 0.36 and 1.08 L s-1 km-2 for the agroforestry watershed and the grass watershed, respectively. This showed that the streamflow of the agroforestry watershed was reduced by 67% when compared to that of the grass watershed. The peak average monthly streamflow in the agroforestry watershed was over 5 times lower than that of the grass watershed and lagged by one month. In addition, the peak streamflow during a typical rainfall event of 38.3 mm in August 1986 was 37% lower in the agroforestry watershed than in the grass watershed. Results of the moisture contents of the soil samples from 3 slope locations (upper, middle and lower slopes) indicated that the agroforestry watershed maintained generally higher soil moisture contents than the grass watershed within 0-20 and 20-80 cm soil depths for the upper slope, especially for the period from May through July. For the other (middle and lower) slopes, soil moisture contents within 20-80 cm depth in the agroforestry watershed was generally lower than those in the grass watershed, particularly in September, revealing that water consumption by trees took place mainly below the plow layer. Therefore, agroforestry land use types might offer a complimentary model for tree-annual crop water utilization. | LIUGang-Cai TIANGuang-Long SHUDong-Cai LINSan-Yi LIUShu-Zhen | 2004 | Pedosphere2004，14，2： | 8 |
| 10 | 基于土壤生物空间异质性分析的空间土壤生态学研究显示文摘土壤生物以不同的方式改变着土壤的物理、化学和生物学特性。了解土壤生物的空间异质性是很关键的。土壤生态学和空间生态学结合的新的研究领域─空间土壤生态学关注空间在土壤生物种群结构及动态中的重要性。本文通过对土壤生物空间异质性的分析,内容包括空间土壤生态学的提出、土壤生物空间异质性研究的意义、研究方法,重点综述了影响土壤生物分布格局的因素、尺度,土壤生物空间分布对植被-土壤系统的影响,土壤生物空间异质性的作用,其中包括土壤生物空间异质性与多样性的关系、土壤生物对局部干扰的响应、土壤生物空间格局对植被的影响。 | 李明辉 何风华 申卫军 林永标 陈章和 | 2005 | 土壤2005，37，4： | 7 |
| 11 | 西双版纳砂仁种植模式探讨显示文摘简述国内现有的砂仁种植模式,并对主要模式的优缺点进行比较分析,认为热带雨林+砂仁模式对热带雨林物种多样性保护等带来严重的负面影响;各类杂木次生林+砂仁可在一定程度上提高砂仁产量; 杉木+砂仁、橡胶+砂仁种植模式具有改善土壤肥力、促进间种树种生长等优势。西双版纳有着相当数量的次生林、橡胶林、竹林等,把砂仁种植从热带雨林中转移到雨林外种植同样具有很大的资源优势和生产潜力。 | 张友彬 施济普 | 2005 | 热带农业科技2005，28，3： | 6 |
| 12 | 南药立体经营模式土壤质量综合评价显示文摘为筛选优化的南药立体经营模式,本试验选用适宜南方种植的4种药用植物,采用随机区组设计,在已有的杉木林下,构建4种林药立体经营模式,分别是杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)+梅叶冬青(Ilex asprella)+艾纳香模式(Blumea balsamifera)(简称SMA)、杉木+梅叶冬青+广金钱草(Desmodium styracifolium)模式(简称SMG),杉木+梅叶冬青+草珊瑚(Sarcandra glabra)模式(简称SMC),杉木+梅叶冬青模式(SM)),以杉木纯林(简称CK)为对照,分析不同模式内0~20和20~40 cm土层土壤理化性质和土壤酶活性变化,并运用主成分分析法综合评价模式对林地土壤质量的影响。结果表明(1)与对照(纯林)相比,4种林药模式下的土壤容重均显著下降,且随土层深度的增加而增加。0~20 cm土层各模式土壤容重降幅分别为:模式SMA13.4%、模式SMG14.1%、模式SMC 20.8%和模式SM 22.3%、;20~40 cm土层的土壤容重各处理降幅为7.0%~15.5%。各模式土壤质量含水量、田间持水量、毛管持水量、毛管孔隙度和总孔隙度均显著提高(P<0.05),且随土层深度的增加而减小,0~20 cm土层,均是以模式SM最大,分别比对照提高54.9%、100.1%、88.6%、44.9%和36.8%;20~40cm土层,均以模式SMG最大,分别是对照的61.5%、67.6%、69.7%、43.4%和44.0%。(2)0~20 cm土层p H呈下降趋势,降幅0.7%~6.2%,20~40 cm土层中各处理pH差异较大,但均未达到显著水平。除全钾外,其余土壤养分含量各模式均随着土层深度的增加而降低。0~20 cm土层中,有机质、全氮、全磷、速效氮磷钾、交换性钙和镁以及阳离子交换量均以模式SMC含量最高,分别比对照提高79.7%、69.5%、30.3%、91.4%、279.4%、166.1%、91.6%、677.0%和70.3%。全钾含量以模式SMG最高,比对照增加了26.9%。(3)各处理土壤酶活性均随着土层深度的增加而降低。在0~20 cm土层中,与对照相比,各模式土壤的脲酶、蔗糖酶、多酚氧化酶和酸性磷酸活性差异显著(P<0.05),其中脲酶和多酚氧化酶活性以模式SMC活性最高,分别是对照的1.7倍和1.6倍,蔗糖酶活性各模式皆低于对照,降幅59.3%~69.4%;酸性磷酸酶活性模式SMA最高,比对照提高78.7%。20~40 cm土层中,各模式及对照间仅酸性磷酸酶活性差异达到显著水平。(4)南药立体经营模式对土壤质量影响的综合排序为,模式SMC(2.811)>模式SMG(1.293)>模式SMA(0.111)>模式SM(-1.544)>CK(-2.671)。 | 李晨晨 周再知 梁坤南 黄桂华 杨光 | 2017 | 植物研究2017，37，5： | 5 |
| 13 | 毛竹-多花黄精复合经营模式对土壤理化特性的影响显示文摘复合经营是提高毛竹林经营效益及其生态功能的有效途径,为了探讨毛竹(Phyllostachys pubescens)–多花黄精(Polygonatum cyrtonema)不同复合模式对土壤理化特性的影响,在安徽金寨县建立了不同立竹密度(M1:1639株·hm–2;M2:2095株·hm–2;M3:2553株·hm–2;CK:2870株·hm–2)的毛竹-多花黄精复合模式试验林,进行比较分析。研究结果表明,复合模式的土壤容重显著降低,非毛管孔隙度、初渗速率和稳渗速率均显著提高。复合模式土壤0—30 cm土层有机碳含量平均高于对照13.2%,两者间差异显著(p<0.05),而土壤全氮含量没有显著差异;复合模式土壤有效氮、有效磷、交换性镁平均分别高于对照32.6%、31.4%和35.1%(p<0.05)。然而交换性钾表聚性明显,0—30 cm土层平均含量低于对照14.7%;土壤交换性钙含量,复合模式与对照之间没有显著差异,表聚性不明显。综合各项指标可以看出,不同复合模式效应存在一定差异,其中复合模式M2在改善土壤肥力方面的效果明显优于其它模式和对照,生产上可推广应用。 | 王勤 孙梦瑶 遆建航 曹小青 徐小牛 | 2020 | 生态科学2020，39，6： | 4 |
| 14 | 不同年龄橡胶-催吐萝芙木-降香黄檀复合生态系统中植物的生长动态及其生物量显示文摘根据2个不同年龄橡胶—催吐萝芙木—降香黄檀复合生态系统样地的调查数据,采用所建立的生物量回归方程,分析了2个不同年龄复合生态系统中植物的生长动态、生物量及其分配特征。结果表明:4年生橡胶林下催吐萝芙木和降香黄檀的年均胸径生长量均显著大于7年生橡胶林下催吐萝芙木和降香黄檀的生长量,但年均高度生长量则无显著差异;在种植4.5 a后,前者的生物量分别是后者的2.86倍和2.90倍;4年生橡胶林复合生态系统的总生物量(67.49 t·hm-2)显著大于其单一橡胶林的生物量(47.06 t·hm-2),并超过7年生橡胶林复合生态系统(63.86 t·hm-2)及单一橡胶林的总生物量(60.38 t·hm-2);生物量的器官分配比例除4年生复合系统中的催吐萝芙木为茎>枝>根>叶外,均呈现出茎>根>枝>叶的趋势;随着橡胶年龄的增长,催吐萝芙木和降香黄檀的生长量和生物量虽呈下降的趋势,但橡胶的生物量及胶林复合生态系统的总生物量呈增长的趋势。橡胶林下催吐萝芙木和降香黄檀的种植具有提高生物量积累和碳固存的潜力和优势。 | 王飞军 陈蕾西 刘成刚 刘长安 唐建维 | 2016 | 中南林业科技大学学报2016，36，1： | 3 |
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