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1马铃薯苗期氮代谢关键酶及其基因表达对聚氨酯包膜尿素的响应显示文摘选用马铃薯'费乌瑞它'进行盆栽试验,研究施用普通尿素与聚氨酯包膜尿素对马铃薯氮代谢关键酶及其基因表达、氮素积累量的影响。结果表明:在施氮量相同的情况下,控释肥能显著提高硝酸还原酶(NR)、亚硝酸还原酶(NiR)和天冬酰胺合成酶(AS)的活性。对于氮代谢相关基因的表达量的研究结果表明,硝酸还原酶基因(StNR)和天冬酰胺合成酶基因(StAS)的表达量在苗期中后期均高于N0处理,且StNR和StAS基因的表达均与马铃薯苗期氮素积累量呈显著正相关,可以作为马铃薯植株氮素状况的指标。而对于植株氮素积累量的研究表明,在施氮量相同的情况下,施用控释氮肥比施用尿素更能促进植株氮素的积累,从而促进马铃薯植株的生长。高如霞 郑晓帆 王金莲 樊明寿 张子义 2021干旱区资源与环境2021,35,8:2
2Optimizing agronomic practices for closing rapeseed yield gaps under intensive cropping systems in China显示文摘A yield gap analysis for rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) is critical to meeting the oil demand by identifying yield potential and yield constraints. In this study, potential yield(Y_p), attainable yield(Y_(att)), and actual yield(Y_(act)) for winter rapeseed were determined in five different zones of China. A boundary line approach was adopted to calculate Y_p, based on a large-scale field experimental database. A meta-analysis was conducted on the data obtained from 118 published studies to evaluate the effects of agronomic factors on rapeseed yield. The main results indicated that farmers only achieved 37–56% of the yield potential across the zones. The low altitude areas(L-URY) and lower reaches(LRY) of the Yangtze River Basin(YRB), China had high yield levels. The total yield gap was 1 893 kg ha^(–1), due to the agronomic management factors, environmental factors, and socioeconomic factors. The meta-analysis showed that weed control and drainage were the best management practices to improve yields(45.6 and 35.3%, respectively), and other practices improved yields by 17.1–21.6%. Consequently, to narrow the yield gap over the short term, the study could focus on techniques that are easily implemented to farmers.ZHANG Zhi CONG Ri-huan REN Tao LI Hui ZHU Yun LU Jian-wei 2020Journal of Integrative Agriculture2020,19,5:1
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