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| 1 | Process design and economic optimization for the indirect synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from urea and methanol显示文摘Much attention has been paid for the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate(DMC) by urea indirect alcoholysis method, which had not been actually industrialized by now. The rigorous full process model was then necessary to optimize the process with heat integration. In this paper, a full process was designed and optimized for the DMC synthesis by urea indirect alcoholysis method based on Aspen Plus software.The technological analysis was developed to find how the process was influenced by the three main recycled materials of methanol, 1,2-propylene glycol(PG) and mixture of DMC–methanol. Simultaneously,the thermal optimization was taken into account for energy saving and the optimized process was proposed with heat integration. Moreover, the economic evaluation was implemented for the optimized process with total annualized cost(TAC) and cost of product(COP) according to the plant investment and operations. It was found that the 11.6% decrease in TAC was obtained for the optimized process compared to the original designed process. The COP analysis showed that the process was economically efficient for the production of DMC from urea and methanol. | Feng Wang Yanfeng Pu Jinhai Yang Taiying Wang Languang Chen Ning Zhao Fukui Xiao | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2019，27，8： | 3 |
| 2 | Ca-Mg-Al复合氧化物催化尿素与1,2-丙二醇制碳酸丙烯酯显示文摘采用共沉淀法制备了系列Ca-Mg-Al复合氧化物催化剂,通过对沉淀剂配比、沉淀液pH值及焙烧温度等制备条件的考察,得到以Na2CO3为沉淀剂、pH=9.5、850℃下焙烧4h制备的Ca-Mg-Al催化活性最高。在n(PG)∶n(urea)=1.5∶1、反应温度为145℃、绝压20kPa、反应时间4h、催化剂用量为尿素质量的5%时,碳酸丙烯酯收率达到84.6%。采用XRF、XRD、NH3-TPD、SEM及BET对催化剂的组成、晶型及酸性进行了表征,发现随着沉淀剂中Na2CO3的含量增加,催化剂中CaO∶MgO的比例增大,碳酸丙烯酯的收率亦升高;经850℃焙烧后,催化剂中存在CaO和MgO两种活性中心,起协同催化作用;随着焙烧温度由700℃升高到850℃,NH3-TPD脱附曲线向低温方向偏移,且强酸中心NH3脱附峰面积比由81.14%明显下降为0,中强酸中心NH3脱附峰面积比由0增加到78.07%,而碳酸丙烯酯收率由68%增加到84.6%,这表明催化剂强酸性位的减少是催化活性增加的主要原因。 | 柳鑫 徐新 王陇豫 柴博 周瑞梅 于晶 罗国华 靳海波 戴晓兵 | 2020 | 化工进展2020，39，S01： | 1 |
| 3 | 尿素醇解制备碳酸丙烯酯的动力学研究显示文摘尿素和丙二醇(PG)合成碳酸丙烯酯(PC)反应体系中,使用金属复合氧化物催化剂,常压条件下考察了该催化剂用量、反应时间、温度等因素的影响。经研究得知,该体系在催化剂质量分数为0.7%,170℃加热150 min时,PC最佳收率可达92.1%。将反应过程分解为2部分进行了动力学的研究,首先是尿素和PG酯化成羟丙基氨基甲酸酯(HPC)的过程,之后是HPC环化合成PC的过程。在排除了内外扩散的影响后,设计动力学模型,通过matlab软件拟合后,对方程内各参数进行求解得到尿素、PG和HPC的反应级数分别是0.7,2和0.8,第一、二步反应活化能分别为75.17 kJ/mol和65.24 kJ/mol,指前因子分别为5.3×10^(7)和9.8×10^(7)。显著性检验表明回归效果良好,与测量值吻合。 | 吕磊 沈卫华 聂颖颖 焦林郁 方云进 | 2021 | 化学工程2021，49，8： | 0 |
| 4 | 碳酸丙烯酯的CaMnO3催化尿素醇解合成显示文摘为研究钙钛矿型催化剂对尿素醇解合成碳酸丙烯酯反应的影响,采用溶胶凝胶法制备了一系列锰基钙钛矿型催化剂,利用X射线衍射和二氧化碳程序升温脱附对催化剂进行表征分析,并考察了其在尿素醇解合成碳酸丙烯酯反应中的活性。结果表明,CaMnO3表面大量的强碱性活性位点使其具有较高的催化活性。以柠檬酸为络合剂,n(柠檬酸)∶n(总金属离子)=1∶1,1100℃焙烧5 h的条件下制备了表面碱中心数最多且结晶度最好的CaMnO3;并以CaMnO3为催化剂,在n(PG)∶n(Urea)=4∶1,催化剂用量质量分数为0.42%,170℃下反应2 h的条件下,碳酸丙烯酯收率达91.1%。 | 李宇昊 杜治平 | 2020 | 武汉工程大学学报2020，42，3： | 0 |
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