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1基于鸟类视角的城市生态廊道构建方法研究综述显示文摘基于鸟类移动特征与栖息地需求的生态廊道不仅有利于减少由生境丧失与生境破碎化导致的物种灭绝,进而促进物种的基因扩散与交流,而且可以改善城市居民的身心健康,推动城市不动产增值。然而,迄今为止,由国外学者研发的主要生态廊道构建方法没有内在地考虑鸟类的移动与生境特征,国内学者的鸟类生态廊道研究则侧重于对技术方法的探索而缺乏对研究鸟种特征的认知。因此,基于鸟类视角的城市生态廊道构建研究尚有较大的改进空间。本文通过对1975—2020年的国内外相关研究进行分析,识别出了可结合鸟类生态的7种廊道构建方法及3种廊道优化方法,并总结了相关方法的优缺点及其适用情况。最后,本文认为将典型鸟类物种的观测数据、真实运动能力与景观结构相融合,研发出计算高效便捷而且能够模拟廊道生态效益的计算机模型,将会是鸟类生态廊道构建方法的发展趋势。田北辰 李沛权 黄千杜 2021应用生态学报2021,32,8:9
2Does melanin-based plumage coloration reflect health status of free-living birds in urban environments?显示文摘Background:Ecological functions and processes in urban ecosystems are governed by various human activities.City-adapted and city-exploiting animal species are expected to present certain specific behavioral and physiological traits in comparison to city-avoiders or conspecific individual frequenting less urbanized or rural environments.A trait of high importance,the plumage color polymorphism has been selected as the main study model and was correlated with different morphological and physiological parameters to highlight its importance in determining the possible health status of urban Feral Pigeons(Columba livia)in North African urban habitats.Methods:Different body morphometrics,hematological and hemoparasitic parameters were quantified on freeliving Feral Pigeons in urban environments of northern Algeria.Moreover,plumage melanin-based coloration(MBC)was measured and the data collected at the individual scale was correlated with the previous parameters using linear and non-linear modeling approaches.Results:Plumage MBC scores of the sampled Feral Pigeons ranged between 0.3%and 74.8%.Among the 12 morphological traits measured,body weight,tail length and total length were deemed to be positively correlated with MBC.Darker morphs appeared to have more hemoparasites compared to lighter pigeons.Quite the same observation goes with the immunity but with non-linear trends.The number of monocytes and granulocytes increased with the increase in MBC levels in lighter morphs,while pigeons with high MBC scores exhibited negative relationships between MBC levels and the number of white blood cells.Conclusions:Despite the existence of a number of studies demonstrating phenotypic directional selection,further studies are undoubtedly necessary to understand in detail the underlying mechanisms in species life-history strategies between differently colored individuals.Findings of this correlative study open exciting perspectives revealing that MBC can be considered a good indicator of and health status and adaptation strategies to changes in urban environments.Hani Amir Aouissi Mostefa Ababsa Aissam Gaagai Zihad Bouslama Yassine Farhi Haroun Chenchouni 2021Avian Research2021,12,4:0
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