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| 1 | 超深渊生境特征及生物地球化学过程研究进展显示文摘海沟等超深渊环境具备独特的'V'形地质构造、水动力环境及物质循环和能量流动体系,具有相比其他大洋环境更高的有机碳等生源要素的沉降通量和储碳效率,是海洋初级生产的巨大'捕获器'和有机碳的沉积汇,并作为连接深部生物圈与海洋的窗口和通道,在海洋和全球碳循环中扮演重要角色.对超深渊带的形成、分布、生境特征、内部碳循环、在全球碳循环中的潜在重要性及其对全球气候变化的可能响应进行了描述,重点从'物理水文—化学沉积环境—生物活动'耦合的角度,探讨独特生境特征影响下超深渊带中生源要素的生物地球化学过程,并对今后的发展趋势进行展望. | 李栋 赵军 刘诚刚 孙承君 陈建芳 潘建明 杨志 王奎 韩正兵 于培松 | 2018 | 地球科学2018，43，S2： | 5 |
| 2 | Sulfur metabolism by marine heterotrophic bacteria involved in sulfur cycling in the ocean显示文摘Sulfur cycling in the biosphere is tightly interwoven with the cycling of carbon and nitrogen,through various biological and geochemical processes.Marine microorganisms,due to their high abundance,diverse metabolic activities,and tremendous adaptation potential,play an essential role in the functioning of global biogeochemical cycles and linking sulfur transformation to the cycling of carbon and nitrogen.Currently many coastal regions are severely stressed by hypoxic or anoxic conditions,leading to the accumulation of toxic sulfide.A number of recent studies have demonstrated that dissimilatory sulfur oxidation by heterotrophic bacteria can protect marine ecosystems from sulfide toxicity.Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria have evolved diverse phylogenetic and metabolic characteristics to fill an array of ecological niches in various marine habitats.Here,we review the recent findings on the microbial communities that are involved in the oxidation of inorganic sulfur compounds and address how the two elements of sulfur and carbon are interlinked and influence the ecology and biogeochemistry in the ocean.Delineating the metabolic enzymes and pathways of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria not only provides an insight into the microbial sulfur metabolism,but also helps us understand the effects of changing environmental conditions on marine sulfur cycling and reinforces the close connection between sulfur and carbon cycling in the ocean. | Xin HU Jihua LIU Huaiwei LIU Guangchao ZHUANG Luying XUN | 2018 | Science China Earth Sciences2018，61，10： | 1 |
| 3 | The shift of biogeochemical cycles indicative of the progressive marine ecosystem collapse across the Permian-Triassic boundary:An analog to modern oceans显示文摘Global warming,the most severe faunal mass extinction and the shift of biogeochemical cycles were observed in the ocean across the Permian-Triassic boundary about 252 million years ago,providing an analog to understanding the modern oceans.Along with the progressive global warming,the biogeochemical cycle was documented to show a shift from the decoupled processes of carbon,nitrogen and sulfur prior to the mass extinction to the coupled biogeochemical processes during faunal mass extinction.The coupled biogeochemical cycle was further observed to shift from the coupled C-N processes during the first episode of the faunal mass extinction to the coupled C-N-S processes during the second episode,diagnostic of the progressive development of more deteriorated marine environmental conditions and the more severe biotic crisis across the Permian-Triassic boundary.The biogeochemical cycles could thus be an indication to the progressive collapse of marine ecosystems triggered by the global warming in Earth history.In modern oceans,the coupled C-N cycle triggered by the global warming was observed in some regions.If these local C-N processes develop and expand to the global oceans,the coupled C-N-S processes might be brought into existence and the marine ecosystems are inevitable to suffer from complete collapse as observed at 252 million years ago. | Shucheng XIE | 2018 | Science China Earth Sciences2018，61，10： | 0 |
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