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| 1 | Maize Genic Male-Sterility Genes and Their Applications in Hybrid Breeding: Progress and Perspectives显示文摘As one of the most important crops, maize not only has been a source of the food, feed, and industrial feedstock for biofuel and bioproducts, but also became a model plant system for addressing fundamental questions in genetics. Male sterility is a very useful trait for hybrid vigor utilization and hybrid seed production. The identification and characterization of genic male-sterility (GMS) genes in maize and other plants have deepened our understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling anther and pollen development, and enabled the development and efficient use of many biotechnology-based male-sterility (BMS) systems for crop hybrid breeding. In this review, we summarize main advances on the identification and characterization of GMS genes in maize, and con struct a putative regulatory network controlling maize anther and pollen development by comparative genomic analysis of GMS genes in maize, Arabidopsis, and rice. Furthermore, we discuss and appraise the features of more than a dozen BMS systems for propagating male-sterile lines and producing hybrid seeds in maize and other plants. Finally, we provide our perspectives on the studies of GMS genes and the development of novel BMS systems in maize and other plants. The continuous exploration of GMS genes and BMS systems will enhance our understanding of molecular regulatory networks controlling male fertility and greatly facilitate hybrid vigor utilization in breeding and field production of maize and other crops. | Xiangyuan Wan Suowei Wu Ziwen Li Zhenying Dong Xueli An Biao Ma Youhui Tian Jinping Li | 2019 | Molecular Plant2019，12，3： | 24 |
| 2 | 玉米花序发育基因AFP1的定位及功能研究显示文摘玉米花序的正常发育是玉米产量的根本保证。鉴定和挖掘调控花序模式建成的基因和代谢通路将有助于揭示花序发育的分子机制,为提高玉米产量提供理论指导。本研究从Mo17背景的EMS突变体库中筛选到一个玉米花序发育模式改变的材料,命名为altered flower pattern 1(afp1)。表型鉴定结果发现,afp1雌穗产生一系列侧生分枝、且无花丝形成;雄穗上侧生小穗数量显著增多。遗传学分析表明,afp1性状受一对隐性核基因控制。利用afp1与B73构建的F2分离群体进行连锁分析,该基因被定位在第7号染色体分子标记M150~M176之间。利用该区间内新开发的14对多态性标记进行精细定位,afp1被限定在分子标记M1722和M1725间约300 kb的范围内,其间包含一个已知调控玉米花序发育基因BD1(Branched silkless1)。通过测序发现,afp1的BD1发生一处C-T的变异,引起BD1蛋白的第67位精氨酸(R)变为色氨酸(W),该突变位于保守的功能域ERF/AP2上。对发育早期的野生型与afp1雌穗进行RNA-seq分析后发现,afp1相比野生型存在274个差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes,DEGs),其中56.20%基因表达下调,43.80%基因表达上调。通过KEGG分析发现,差异表达基因富集到多种代谢通路,其中富集到植物激素信号转导途径中的83.30%基因表达量都显著下调,说明afp1可能通过影响激素信号从而改变花序发育模式。 | 薛明 汪晨晨 姜露光 刘浩 张路遥 陈赛华 | 2024 | 作物学报2024，50，3： | 0 |
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