| 1 | 东北地区胡桃楸次生混交林乔木物种组成和多样性显示文摘为了解东北地区胡桃楸次生混交林乔木树种组成和多样性,在黑龙江、吉林和辽宁三省中东部23个胡桃楸典型分布区内,设置123块面积0.1 hm2圆形样地,对样地内DBH≥5 cm乔木树种的物种组成、区系特征、重要值、丰富度和多样性等进行调查与分析。结果表明:东北地区胡桃楸次生混交林内共调查到乔木物种48种,隶属于17科,31属,其中黑龙江省30种,隶属于14科,21属;吉林省37种,隶属于14科,25属;辽宁省35种,隶属于16科,25属。物种主要以北温带分布区类型为主,不同区域物种数量随纬度升高呈先增加后减少趋势,随海拔升高呈先增加后减少趋势,在海拔300~700 m物种数量最为丰富。3个地区调查样地内重要值排在前6的共有树种是胡桃楸(Juglans mandshurica)、春榆(Ulmus pumila)、色木槭(Acer mono)、蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)和水曲柳(Fraxinus mandshurica),非共有树种为红松(Pinus koraiensis)(黑龙江)、紫椴(Tilia amurensis)(吉林)和花曲柳(Fraxinus rhynchophylla)(辽宁)。调查样地内多样性表现均较高,除Shannon多样性指数在吉林省显著高于黑龙江省和辽宁省外(P<0.05),Simpson多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数三省之间均无显著性差异,且三省群落之间均表现为中等相似。本研究可为深入了解东北中东部地区胡桃楸次生混交林物种多样性和森林经营提供基础。 | 罗也 及利 杨雨春 王君 何怀江 张丽杰 祁永会 | 2020 | 生态学杂志2020，39，9： | 5 |
| 2 | Phytosociology of stratification in a lowland tropical rainforest occurring north of the Tropic of Cancer in Meghalaya, India显示文摘Stratification in lowland rainforests of Meghalaya,India,which represent the westernmost limit of the rainforests north of the Tropic of Cancer,was studied in horizontal and vertical planes to elucidate the patterns in stacking of species diversity and community attributes,and to draw comparisons with rainforests of‘Indo-Malaya’ecozone(biogeographical realm).All individuals≥10 cm GBH(girth at breast height)were enumerated in six transects of 10 m width and up to 500 m length covering 2.45 ha area.The stratification of whole assemblage of species in vertical plane is referred to as‘storey structure’(=height class distribution),which explains structural complexity.In horizontal plane,it is typically referred to as‘stand structure’(=girth class distribution),which explains structural heterogeneity.The stratification of an individual species in vertical plane is referred to as‘loftiness’and in horizontal plane,it is frequently referred to as‘population structure’.The stand structure was characterized by a negative exponential relationship or a reverse J-shaped curve,which is typical of a well regenerating forest stand.The storey structure was characterized by the low stature of the rainforest(<30 m),subtle layering in the canopy with dearth of discrete multi-stories,narrower widths of the stories and a thick understory.The cluster analysis and‘candlestick charts’showed that the dominant species spatially segregated in canopy height to profile three strata,viz.,an understory of juveniles and shrubs below 5 m,a middle-storey of intermediate trees between 5 and 15 m,and an overstory of large trees between 15 and 25 m.Emergent trees of a few species may reach up to 30 m.The individuals tended to scatter in increasingly wider range of height classes from a lower to the next higher girth class,creating a‘torchlight scatter’pattern,with a tendency to concentrate towards smaller height classes due to stochastic factors,which potentially influence vertical growth proportionate to diametric growth.In comparison to equatorial rainforests of Malaysia and seasonal rainforests of southwestern China,the rainforests of Meghalaya are short-statured at the geographic extremity of the occurrence of rainforest biome in Asiae Pacific region,owing to floristic composition,site quality factors,excessively higher quantities of rainfall and high differential of precipitation and potential evapotranspiration.Despite limited diversity of megaphanerophytes,these rainforests deserve concerted conservation efforts as they stack high diversity of meso-,micro-and nano-phanerophytes. | Uma Shankar | 2019 | Plant Diversity2019，41，5： | 0 |
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