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| 1 | 水稻条斑病菌Tal5d对avrXa10-Xa10介导抗性的抑制作用研究显示文摘分别由稻黄单胞菌Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo)与X.oryzae pv.oryzicola(Xoc)引起的白叶枯病(Bacterial leaf blight,BLB)和条斑病(Bacterial leaf streak,BLS)是水稻上的重要致灾细菌病害。Xoo和Xoc均分泌转录激活子类效应蛋白(Transcription activator-like effector,TALE)进入水稻细胞,调控水稻中相应的抗/感病(R/S)基因的表达,使水稻抗病或感病。目前已鉴定到多个抗BLB的R基因,但这些基因都不能抗BLS,机制不明。前期发现,Xoc菌株RS105可抑制avrXa10-Xa10介导的'基因对基因'抗性,推测RS105菌株中的TALE可能发挥了作用。本研究将avrXa10导入RS105菌株中构建功能互补菌株,发现该菌株在含有Xa10的IRBB10水稻上仅能激发微弱的过敏反应(Hypersensitive response,HR);经Southern blot和基因文库筛选分离到tal5d基因,其能够抑制avrXa10-Xa10介导的抗病性。序列分析表明,另外11个Xoc菌株中也存在与Tal5d;相同或相似的TALE,将其统称为Tal5d类TALE,分为4种类型。EBE预测结果显示,Tal5d类TALE在水稻中的靶标基因可能均为OsSULTR3;6基因。这些研究为进一步揭示Xoc克服BLB抗病基因抗性的机理,解决BLS抗病基因缺乏的问题提供了新的线索。 | 李子阳 徐正银 李颖 徐夏萌 刘琳琳 陈功友 | 2021 | 植物病理学报2021，51，6： | 0 |
| 2 | The genetic arms race between plant and Xanthomonas:lessons learned from TALE biology显示文摘The pathogenic bacterial genus Xanthomonas infects a wide variety of host plants and causes devastating diseases in many crops.Transcription activator-like effectors(TALEs)are important virulence factors secreted by Xanthomonas with the ability to directly bind to the promoters of target genes in plant hosts and activate their expression,which often facilitates the proliferation of pathogens.Understanding how plants cope with TALEs will provide mechanistic insights into crop breeding for Xanthomonas defense.Over the past 30 years,numerous studies have revealed the modes of action of TALEs in plant cells and plant defense strategies to overcome TALE attack.Based on these findings,new technologies were adopted for disease management to optimize crop production.In this article,we will review the most recent advances in the evolutionary arms race between plant resistance and TALEs from Xanthomonas,with a specific focus on TALE applications in the development of novel breeding strategies for durable and broad-spectrum resistance. | Jiao Xue Zhanhua Lu Wei Liu Shiguang Wang Dongbai Lu Xiaofei Wang Xiuying He | 2021 | Science China(Life Sciences)2021，64，1： | 0 |
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