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| 1 | Parental ecological history can differentially modulate parental age effects on offspring physiological traits in Drosophila显示文摘Parents adjust their reproductive investment over their lifespan based on their condition,age,and social environment,creating the potential for inter-generational effects to differentially affect offspring physiology.To date,however,little is known about how social environments experienced by parents throughout development and adulthood influence the effect of parental age on the expression of life-history traits in the offspring.Here,I collected data on Drosophila melanogaster offspring traits(i.e.,body weight,water content,and lipid reserves)from populations where either mothers,fathers both,or neither parents experienced different social environments during development(larval crowding)and adulthood.Parental treatment modulated parental age effects on offspring lipid reserves but did not influence parental age effects on offspring water content.Importantly,parents in social environments where all individuals were raised in uncrowded larval densities produced daughters and sons lighter than parental treatments which produced the heaviest offspring.The peak in offspring body weight was delayed relative to the peak in parental reproductive success,but more strongly so for daughters from parental treatments where some or all males in the parental social environments were raised in crowded larval densities(irrespective of their social context),suggesting a potential father-to-daughter effect.Overall,the findings of this study reveal that parental ecological history(here,developmental and adult social environments)can modulate the effects of parental age at reproduction on the expression of offspring traits. | Juliano Morimoto | 2022 | Current Zoology2022，68，4： | 0 |
| 2 | Offspring diet supersedes the transgenerational effects of parental diet in a specialist herbivore Neolema abbreviata under manipulated foliar nitrogen variability显示文摘Diet quality influences organismal fitness within and across generations.For herbivorous insects,the transgenerational effecets of diet remain relatively underexplored.Usinga3×3×2 factorial experiment,we evaluated how N enrichment in parental diets of Neolemd abbreviata(Larcordaire)(C oleoptera:Chrysomelidae),a biological control agent for Tradescantia fluminensis Vell.(Commelinaceae),may influence life history and performance of Fi and F2 offspring under reciprocal experiments.We found limited transgenerational effects of foliar nitrogen variability among life-history traits in both larvae and adults.Larval weight gain and mortality were responsive to parental diet contrary to feeding damage,pupal weight and duration taken to pupate.There were significant parental diet x test interactions in larval feeding damage,weight gain,pupal weight and time to pupation.Generally,offspring from parents under high N plants performed better even under low N test plants.Adult traits including oviposition selection,feeding weight and longevity did not respond to the efects of parental diet nor its interaction with test diet as was the case in the larval stage.However,the main efects of test diet were more important in determining adult performance in both generations suggesting limited sensitivity to parental diet in the adult stage.Our results show conflicting responses to parental diet between larvae and adults ofthe same generation among an insec species with both actively feeding larual and adult life stagee These tranegeneratinonal efferte,or lack thereof,may have implications on the field performance of N.abbrevita under heterogencous nutritional landscapes. | Abongile Mbande Michelle Tedder Frank Chidawanyika | 2020 | Insect Science2020，27，2： | 0 |
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