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| 1 | 冲积河流崩岸机理、数值模拟及预警技术研究进展显示文摘冲积河流崩岸不仅影响河势稳定,而且威胁两岸堤防等重要涉水工程安全。近年来由于上游来水来沙变化及水库运用等影响,长江中下游及黄河下游河段河床冲刷,崩岸现象突出,增大了河道防洪压力。从崩岸机理、数值模拟及监测预警技术3个方面总结了冲积河流崩岸的研究进展,指出了仍待解决的几个关键问题。在崩岸机理方面,阐明了崩岸发生的力学条件及影响因素,但需深化研究各因素之间的相互作用。崩岸数值模拟方法的快速发展为崩岸预测提供了有效的技术手段,但需更为全面地考虑崩岸机理,并有效刻画河岸边界条件的沿程变化。在监测预警技术方面,通常以局部岸段的地形及水沙条件监测为主,崩岸预警等级划分指标及方法多以经验法为主,需建立统一的、完善的评估体系。 | 夏军强 邓珊珊 | 2021 | 长江科学院院报2021，38，11： | 4 |
| 2 | Numerical solution of the Saint-Venant equations by an efficient hybrid finite-volume/finite-difference method显示文摘A computationally efficient hybrid finite-volume/finite-difference method is proposed for the numerical solution of SaintVenant equations in one-dimensional open channel flows. The method adopts a mass-conservative finite volume discretization for the continuity equation and a semi-implicit finite difference discretization for the dynamic-wave momentum equation. The spatial discretization of the convective flux term in the momentum equation employs an upwind scheme and the water-surface gradient term is discretized using three different schemes. The performance of the numerical method is investigated in terms of efficiency and accuracy using various examples, including steady flow over a bump, dam-break flow over wet and dry downstream channels, wetting and drying in a parabolic bowl, and dam-break floods in laboratory physical models. Numerical solutions from the hybrid method are compared with solutions from a finite volume method along with analytic solutions or experimental measurements. Comparisons demonstrates that the hybrid method is efficient, accurate, and robust in modeling various flow scenarios, including subcritical, supercritical, and transcritical flows. In this method, the QUICK scheme for the surface slope discretization is more accurate and less diffusive than the center difference and the weighted average schemes. | Wencong Lai Abdul A.Khan | 2018 | Journal of Hydrodynamics2018，30，2： | 2 |
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