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| 1 | 乌鲁木齐不同功能区林带土壤重金属污染特征分析显示文摘为了揭示乌鲁木齐市林带土壤重金属污染状况,在乌鲁木齐市选取工业区(IZ)林带、道路(RZ)林带、生活区(RZ)林带和公园(PZ)林带等4种功能区林带类型,测定了林带土壤中5种重金属(Zn、Pb、Hg、As、Cr)的质量分数,利用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法分析了不同功能区林带土壤重金属污染特征。结果表明,乌鲁木齐市林带土壤锌和汞质量分数普遍超过背景值,其超标率分别为92.86%和95.71%,超标倍数为1.58倍和12.79倍;土壤铅、砷和铬质量分数超标率分别为41.43%、7.14%和40%,但总体显示平均质量分数未超过背景值;单项污染指数大小为汞>锌>铅>铬>砷。4种功能区林带土壤锌和砷质量分数为道路林带>工业区林带>生活区林带>公园林带;土壤铅和汞平均质量分数为工业区林带>道路林带>生活区林带>公园林带;土壤铬平均质量分数为工业区林带>道路林带>公园林带>生活区林带。土壤重金属污染综合程度为工业区林带>道路林带>生活区林带>公园林带。从各污染等级样地出现相对频次看,无污染等级的样地仅出现在生活区;重度污染等级的样地在工业区林带、道路林带、生活区林带和公园林带出现的相对频次分别为70.83%、20.83%、35.29%和26.31%;中度污染等级的样地出现的相对频次分别为12.5%、50%、11.76%和42.10%;轻度污染等级的样地出现的频次分别为8.33%、16.67%、35.29%和31.57%;尚清洁等级的样地在工业区林带、道路林带和生活区林带出现的相对频次分别为8.33%、12.5%和11.76%,在公园林带未出现。乌鲁木齐绿化树种组成丰富和植被盖度高的公园林带和生活区林带土壤重金属污染程度较轻,建议在城市化发展的过程中,合理优化布局。选择净化环境功能强的树种是城市林业建设的发展趋势之一。 | 李吉玫 张毓涛 | 2019 | 生态环境学报2019，28，9： | 13 |
| 2 | Geochemical baseline determination and contamination of heavy metals in the urban topsoil of Fuxin City,China显示文摘Urban topsoil is the most frequent interface between human society and natural environment.The accumulation of heavy metals in the urban topsoil has a direct effect on residents'life and health.The geochemical baseline of heavy metals is an objective description of the general level of heavy metals in the urban topsoil.Meanwhile,the determination of geochemical baseline is necessary for regional environmental management,especially in coal cities prone to heavy metal pollution.Heavy metal pollution has become an environmental problem in Fuxin City,China for a long time.To establish the geochemical baseline of heavy metals in the topsoil of Fuxin City and to evaluate the ecological risk of the topsoil,we collected 75 topsoil samples(0–20 cm)and analyzed the concentrations of Cu,Ni,Zn,Pb,Cr,Cd,Hg and As through X-ray fluorescence spectrometry,atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry.We determined the geochemical baseline of heavy metals in the topsoil of Fuxin City by using iteration removal,box-whisker plot,cumulative frequency curve and reference metal normalization;evaluated the contamination risk and ecological risk of the topsoil by using the baseline factor index,Nemerow index and Hakanson potential ecological risk index;and identified the source category of heavy metals in the topsoil by using a pedigree clustering heatmap.Results showed that the geochemical baseline values were 42.86,89.34,92.23,60.55,145.21,0.09,0.08 and 4.17 mg/kg for Cu,Ni,Zn,Pb,Cr,Cd,Hg and As,respectively.The results of Nemerow index and Hakanson potential ecological risk index indicated that the urban topsoil in the study area was slightly contaminated and suffering low potential ecological risk.The main contaminated areas dominated in the middle part and northeast part of the study area,especially in the western Haizhou Strip Mine.The result of baseline factor index indicated that Hg and Cd were the major pollution elements.Using a pedigree clustering heatmap,we divided the sources of these heavy metals into three types:type I for Ni and Cr,largely represented the enrichment of heavy metals from natural sources;type II for Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd and As,mainly represented the enrichment of heavy metals from anthropogenic sources;and type III for Hg,represented the form of both natural and anthropogenic inputs. | ZHANG Hua YU Miao XU Hongjia WEN Huan FAN Haiyan WANG Tianyi LIU Jiangang | 2020 | Journal of Arid Land2020，12，6： | 5 |
| 3 | 荒漠草地中氮添加与多环芳烃降解的关系显示文摘多环芳烃作为环境污染物中一类极为重要的物质,探索它的去除方法吸引了全球环境学者及政府的高度重视。大气氮沉降在过去几十年不断增加,已影响到陆地生态系统氮循环过程。但目前,氮沉降与多环芳烃降解之间的关系尚不明确。通过在新疆克拉玛依市石油化工厂附近的荒漠草地上,模拟氮沉降实验,通过在4氮添加梯度(CK=0;N1=10;N2=30;N3=90 kg N hm-2 a-1)上调查土壤中16种优先控制多环芳烃的含量和总量(∑PAHs),以及它们与生物非生物环境因子(土壤环境因子、土壤酶活性和土壤微生物功能多样性)之间的关系,旨在揭示氮沉降对多环芳烃降解的影响。结果表明:除苊烯(Acenaphthylene)和苊(Acenaphthene)两种多环芳烃在4个N添加梯度上未检测到含量外,∑PAHs和其他14种优先控制多环芳烃在土壤中的含量均随氮添加量增加显著减小(N2≤N31.00,且0.40<荧蒽(Fluoranthene)/[(荧蒽(Fluoranthene)+芘(Pyrene)]<0.50,石油污染物是当地土壤中多环芳烃的主要来源;9月份克拉玛依市荒漠草地土壤中∑PAHs约(28.91±2.32) mg/kg,属于多环芳烃重污染土壤;广义线性混合效应模型结果显示,在大多数情况下,∑PAHs和14种多环芳烃的含量与土壤有机质、铵态氮、硝态氮、总氮、有效磷和脲酶活性显著相关(P<0.05),但其与生物非生物环境因子之间的回归关系在不同种类多环芳烃之间差异较大。综上可知,土壤中多环芳烃的降解是一个非常复杂的过程,它是自身属性、植物根系和土壤微生物等多重因子相互共同作用的结果。在干旱区荒漠草地中,氮添加能提升土壤中营养物质的可利用性、植物根系和土壤微生物的活性,有利于降解土壤多环芳烃。 | 杨晓东 Lu-Chun Duan 陈悦 孟凡波 李岩 何学敏 张雪妮 吕光辉 | 2019 | 生态学报2019，39，9： | 3 |
| 4 | Toxic metal enrichment characteristics and sources of arid urban surface soil in Yinchuan City, China显示文摘To investigate the environmental quality of the urban surface soil in Yinchuan City, the capital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(Ningxia), China, we sampled surface soil and measured the concentrations of 8 toxic metals(Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, Co, Bi, Ni and V) using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. The enrichment characteristics and sources of these toxic metals in the soil were analyzed by the enrichment factor(EF) and multivariate statistical analysis. The results showed that the mean concentrations of these toxic metals in the soil samples were 25.0, 109.1, 16.8, 26.0, 37.2, 2.7, 25.3 and 59.9 mg/kg for Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, Co, Bi, Ni and V, respectively, which were 1.2, 1.8, 0.8, 0.4, 3.2, 8.7, 0.7 and 0.8 times of the corresponding background values of Ningxia soil, respectively. The variations of Pb, Zn, Co, Bi and Ni concentrations in the surface soil of Yinchuan were larger than those of the other metals. Our results also showed that the toxic metals investigated in the soil had different enrichment levels. Both Co and Bi were significantly enriched, whereas Cr was only moderately enriched in the soil. There was a deficiency or minimal enrichment of the other toxic metals in the soil. Source analysis results based on the concentration, enrichment characteristics and multivariate statistical analysis indicated that Cr, V and Ni originated from a combination of fossil fuel combustion, traffic pollution and natural occurrence. Pb, Cu and Zn were predominantly derived from natural and traffic sources, while Co and Bi primarily originated from construction sources. | ZHANG Mingxin LU Xinwei SHI Dongqi PAN Huiyun | 2018 | Journal of Arid Land2018，10，4： | 2 |
| 5 | 新型改性蒙脱石材料对污染土壤中Cu的钝化修复效果显示文摘[目的]研究新型改性蒙脱石材料(巯基土)对土壤中Cu的钝化修复效果。[方法]以巯基土作为钝化剂,通过小白菜盆栽修复试验和田间修复示范试验,研究巯基土对Cu污染土壤的钝化修复效果。[结果]对于盆栽试验,添加适当比例的巯基土可显著降低小白菜植株Cu累积量,当添加量为1.0%时,Cu污染土上小白菜植株Cu累积量相比CK可降低44%;对于田间示范修复试验,添加0.2%和0.5%的巯基土相比CK可分别降低小白菜植株Cu累积系数达22.5%和17.0%,其钝化效果明显优于未经改性的钠化蒙脱石材料(钠化土)。[结论]该研究可为土壤Cu污染治理修复提供科学依据。 | 何平 曹鹏 朱凰榕 赵秋香 | 2017 | 安徽农业科学2017，45，16： | 1 |
| 6 | 双膜法深度回用石化炼油废水中试显示文摘针对石油化工工业产生的废水成分复杂,环境危害大,研究石化废水处理新技术解决石化行业产生的环境问题,提出“超滤+反渗透”双膜法工艺。以石化炼油废水为原水,采用次氯酸钠氧化原水,耦合超滤及反渗透技术,构建“超滤+反渗透”双膜法工艺对其进行深度处理回用中试。结果表明,超滤产水浊度和SDI15分别稳定在0.1 NTU和3以下,且运行稳定清洗效果良好,能够为反渗透稳定运行提供保障。反渗透产水的COD、硬度、TDS和氨氮去除率分别在98.2%、99.3%、99.3%和73.3%以上,产水水质均优于循环冷却水补水的水质标准。 | 贾明珠 孙彩玉 盛涛 | 2023 | 黑龙江科技大学学报2023，33，6： | 0 |
| 7 | 石油化工业对周边土壤中金属元素的影响分析显示文摘在黄岛石油化工区周边采集土壤样品27个,测定土壤中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn等元素,并运用统计分析、土壤质量综合指数法对测定结果做系统分析。结果表明,除As外,黄岛石油化工区周边土壤中Cd、Cu、Cr、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn的测定均值均超过青岛市土壤背景值。Cd、Pb、Zn空间分布大体一致,测定值最高的地方均是离石油化工区最近的地方。Cr、Cu、Ni离石油化工区越远,测定值越低。而Hg则相反,离石油化工区越远测定值越高。黄岛石油化工区周边土壤不宜用作农用地,除1处不宜用作建设用地Ⅰ类外,其他均可作为建设用地Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类。 | 张春荣 柏得植 李少勇 姚春卉 | 2023 | 环境监测管理与技术2023，35，1： | 0 |
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