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| 1 | 重塑黏性土及不同砂砾含量土体的起动试验研究显示文摘应用冲蚀函数测定仪开展了两种重塑黏土及其砂砾含量分别为20%、40%、60%条件下的起动试验,研究了黏聚力、干密度、砂砾粒径及掺量对土体起动应力的影响。试验结果表明:纯黏性土的起动应力与黏聚力呈线性关系,但两种黏土的斜率变化较大;两种黏性土的起动应力与干密度的关系可统一用指数型表达式确定;不同砂砾含量土体的起动应力与黏性土的黏聚力、砂砾粒径和掺量有关;砂砾粒径一定时,随着掺砂砾量的增加,混合体的起动应力呈先增加后降低的趋势,而砂砾含量一定时,起动应力随着砂砾粒径的增加而增加。最后,提出了重塑黏性土-砂砾混合土体的起动应力表达式。与试验结果的对照表明,该公式可较好地对黏性土-砂砾混合体的起动应力进行预测。 | 王秋生 苏瑞林 高晓静 | 2018 | 水利学报2018，49，8： | 4 |
| 2 | Two-dimensional numerical simulation of sediment transport using improved critical shear stress methods显示文摘Research on the critical shear stresses for erosion and deposition for cohesive sediment has attracted substantial attention from both engineering and theoretical viewpoints due to their importance in sediment transport theory.Previous studies have proposed a large number of empirical and semiempirical methods to estimate the critical erosion and deposition shear stress,but comparative analyses and validation of the existing methods are still lacking,leaving questions regarding the applicability ranges of the methods.The current paper evaluates the performance and applicability range of five critical erosion shear stress methods derived from different hypotheses on sediment transport for flume experiments and natural tidal rivers using a process-based model.In addition,the effect of the critical deposition shear stress on sediment transport is investigated.The results show that the different critical erosion shear stress methods yield distinctly different prediction results,and their performance and applicability ranges are discussed by comparing their predictions with measured sediment concentrations from the Shenzhen River and measured geometric changes from the Partheniades'flume experiment.The hiding and exposure effect has been recognized as a crucial factor in the incipient motion of sediment on nonuniform beds.A sensitivity analysis of selective deposition and continuous deposition justifies the existence of the critical deposition shear stress.The current study highlights the performance and applicability ranges of the existing critical shear stress methods in sediment transport modeling for uniform and nonuniform beds,which will enrich understanding of the underlying mechanisms of erosion and deposition of cohesive sediment. | Zhiyong Feng Guangming Tan Junqiang Xia Caiwen Shu Peng Chen Ran Yi | 2020 | International Journal of Sediment Research2020，35，1： | 3 |
| 3 | 库岸有限厚度粉质黏土冲蚀演化规律及预测显示文摘土体冲蚀流失是塌岸发展和库岸再造的重要诱发因素。为准确预测水流作用下岸坡土体流失进程,自主研制了能够实时精确量测土样质量变化的新型冲蚀试验装置,开展三峡库岸粉质黏土冲刷起动和冲蚀进程试验,分析有限厚度土体冲蚀演化规律和影响机制,并建立预测模型。结果表明:有限厚度土体的总冲蚀量随时间增加但增速逐渐趋缓,冲蚀速率逐渐衰减,且冲蚀速率及其衰减程度均与孔隙比或流速成正比;将反映密实度的孔隙比和反映剪切力的水流速度嵌入预测模型能较好地拟合粉质黏土冲蚀演化进程曲线。建立的有限厚度土体冲蚀进程预测模型,为水流冲刷作用下岸坡形态变化趋势预测研究提供参考。 | 陈勇 张书石 CHAN Dave | 2023 | 水科学进展2023，34，6： | 0 |
| 4 | 砂砾土注浆结石体抗冲刷特性试验研究显示文摘砂砾土广泛分布于洪涝灾害多发区,而注浆是提高土体抗冲刷能力的一种常用方法,探明注浆对砂砾土抗冲刷特性的影响对于提高砂砾土路基的防洪性能有重要指导作用。通过自行设计的动水冲刷试验台进行砂砾土注浆结石体动水冲刷试验,以颗粒冲刷流失率作为注浆结石体抗冲刷性能的定量评价指标,研究砂砾土注浆结石体在不同动水流速、含水率、注浆量以及养护龄期下的冲刷特性变化规律,并采用灰色理论分析动水流速、含水率、注浆量以及养护龄期与砂砾土注浆结石体颗粒冲刷流失率之间关联度。结果表明,冲刷的动水流速越高,砂砾土注浆结石体的颗粒冲刷流失率越高;砂砾土处于低水流速环境中时,增大注浆量可有效降低砂砾土的颗粒冲刷流失率;当砂砾土处于高水流速环境时,通过提升注浆量并不能有效提高抗冲刷效果;砂砾土注浆结石体在处于最优含水率时抗冲刷能力最强;随着注浆量的提升,结石体抗冲刷能力不断增大,但增速逐渐降低,而留存结石体形态逐渐从不规则锥形体发展为椭球体,留存结石体的尺寸也在不断增大;随着养护龄期的增长,注浆结石体的抗冲刷能力有一定的提升,但增长速度逐渐降低趋于平缓;对砂砾土结石体冲刷流失率影响程度从大到小依次为动水流速、含水率、注浆量和养护龄期。 | 孙勇 牛建东 陈康 刘建新 邱亮亮 纪雨辰 | 2023 | 铁道科学与工程学报2023，20，3： | 0 |
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