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1老年肝硬化患者经颈静脉肝内门体分流术后菌血症1例报告显示文摘食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血(esophageal and gastric varices bleeding,EGVB)是肝硬化门静脉高压患者常见的并发症之一,经颈静脉肝内门体分流术(TIPS)作为一种安全、有效、可重复操作的微创介入技术,被认为是治疗老年肝硬化门静脉高压并发症安全有效的方法^([1])。然而,老年肝硬化患者,身体机能下降,慢性器质性疾病多,免疫力下降,术后易发感染,病菌侵袭导致免疫功能紊乱、细胞活性因子大量释放、凝血功能异常加重将使病情恶化^([2])。TIPS术后感染是罕见术后并发症^([3]),2019年中国TIPS操作指南^([4])中未提及,但在临床中确实存在,且其定义仍有争议,发病机制不清。以下报道1例TIPS术后24 h内出现严重菌血症,后期并发肝、肺、肾、心脏等多器官功能衰竭死亡的老年肝硬化患者,并对既往相关文献进行复习。刘琴 姚欣 李英 何胜 汤善宏 秦建平 2022临床肝胆病杂志2022,38,10:2
2Late polymicrobial transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt infection in a liver transplant patient:A case report显示文摘BACKGROUND Infection of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)stent is a rare and serious complication that most commonly occurs during TIPS creation and revision.Patients typically present with recurrent bacteremia due to shunt occlusion or vegetation.To date there are approximately 58 cases reported.We present a patient diagnosed with late polymicrobial TIPS infection five years following TIPS creation.CASE SUMMARY A 63-year-old female status-post liver transplant with recurrent cirrhosis and portal hypertension presented with sepsis and recurrent extended-spectrum betalactamase Escherichia coli bacteremia.Computed tomography of the abdomen revealed an occluded TIPS with thrombus extension into the distal right portal vein,and focal thickening of the cecum and ascending colon.Colonoscopy revealed patchy ulcers in these areas with histopathology demonstrating ulcerated colonic mucosa with fibrinopurulent exudate.Shunt thrombectomy and revision revealed infected-appearing thrombus.Patient initially cleared her infection with antibacterial therapy and TIPS revision;however,soon after,she developed Enterobacter cloacae bacteremia and Candida glabrata and C.albicans fungemia with recurrent TIPS thrombosis.She remained on antifungal therapy indefinitely and later developed vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium with recurrent TIPS thrombosis.The option of liver re-transplant for removal of the infected TIPS was not offered given her critical illness and complex shunt anatomy.The patient became intolerant to linezolid and elected hospice care.CONCLUSION Clinicians should be aware that TIPS superinfection may occur as long as five years following TIPS creation in an immunocompromised patient.Irene De La Caridad Perez Ziv J Haskal John I Hogan Curtis K Argo 2022World Journal of Hepatology2022,14,4:1
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