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| 1 | Genetic basis and biotechnological manipulation of sexual dimorphism and sex determination in fish显示文摘Aquaculture has made an enormous contribution to the world food production,especially to the sustainable supply of animal proteins.The utility of diverse reproduction strategies in fish,such as the exploiting use of unisexual gynogenesis,has created a typical case of fish genetic breeding.A number of fish species show substantial sexual dimorphism that is closely linked to multiple economic traits including growth rate and body size,and the efficient development of sex-linked genetic markers and sex control biotechnologies has provided significant approaches to increase the production and value for commercial purposes.Along with the rapid development of genomics and molecular genetic techniques,the genetic basis of sexual dimorphism has been gradually deciphered,and great progress has been made in the mechanisms of fish sex determination and identification of sex-determining genes.This review summarizes the progress to provide some directive and objective thinking for further research in this field. | MEI Jie GUI Jian-Fang | 2015 | Science China(Life Sciences)2015，58，2： | 45 |
| 2 | 鱼类远缘杂交育种技术的建立及应用显示文摘杂交是广泛应用的重要育种技术,然而,在鱼类中,杂交育种长期以来缺乏系统的理论和技术支撑.通过长期的系统研究,本课题组探索出了鱼类远缘杂交相关的遗传和繁殖规律,形成了适合于远缘杂交和近缘杂交的一步法育种技术和多步法育种技术,创制了一批二倍体鱼品系和四倍体鱼品系,研制了一批优良鱼类.另外,通过查阅国内外有关鱼类杂交的相关文献,对鱼类杂交育种途径、技术方法及效果等进行了广泛讨论.该文对鱼类杂交育种研究及应用具有重要的参考价值. | 王石 汤陈宸 陶敏 覃钦博 张纯 罗凯坤 赵如榕 王静 任力 肖军 胡方舟 周蓉 段巍 刘少军 | 2018 | 中国科学:生命科学2018，48，12： | 18 |
| 3 | 合方鲫及其亲本肌肉营养成分分析显示文摘采用生化分析手段对合方鲫及其亲本的肌肉营养成分进行比较研究。结果显示,合方鲫肌肉中水分含量为71.00%,显著低于其亲本的水分含量(日本白鲫:75.60%,红鲫:75.50%),说明合方鲫具有低水分的特征。合方鲫的蛋白质含量为17.70%,高于红鲫的蛋白质含量(17.00%),且显著高于日本白鲫的蛋白质含量(14.80%)。在15种检测的氨基酸含量中,合方鲫的氨基酸总量(15.87%)、必需氨基酸总含量(6.55%)均高于红鲫的氨基酸总量(15.52%)和必需氨基酸总含量(6.46%),且显著高于日本白鲫的氨基酸总量(13.13%)和必需氨基酸总含量(5.27%)。值得一提的是合方鲫的呈味氨基酸总含量高达6.26%,高于红鲫的呈味氨基酸总含量(6.07%),且显著高于日本白鲫的呈味氨基酸总含量(5.29%)。研究表明,合方鲫是一种营养价值高、肉味鲜美的鱼类,为其生产上的应用提供了理论支撑。 | 刘庆峰 王静 肖军 陈璇 齐艳华 李武辉 陶敏 张纯 覃钦博 罗凯坤 刘少军 | 2017 | 水产学报2017，41，7： | 12 |
| 4 | Targeted disruption of tyrosinase causes melanin reduction in Carassius auratus cuvieri and its hybrid progeny显示文摘The white crucian carp(Carassius auratus cuvieri,WCC) not only is one of the most economically important fish in Asia,characterized by strong reproductive ability and rapid growth rates,but also represents a good germplasm to produce hybrid progenies with heterosis.Gene knockout technique provides a safe and acceptant way for fish breeding.Achieving gene knockout in WCC and its hybrid progeny will be of great importance for both genetic studies and hybridization breeding.Tyrosinase(TYR) is a key enzyme in melanin synthesis.Depletion of tyr in zebrafish and mice results in mosaic pigmentation or total albinism.Here,we successfully used CRISPR-Cas9 to target tyr in WCC and its hybrid progeny(WR) derived from the cross of WCC(♀) and red crucian carp(Carassius auratus red var.,RCC,♂).The level of TYR protein was significantly reduced in mutant WCC.Both the mutant WCC and the mutant WR showed different degrees of melanin reduction compared with the wild-type sibling control fish,resulting from different mutation efficiency ranging from 60% to 90%.In addition,the transcriptional expression profiles of a series of pivotal pigment synthesis genes,i.e.tyrp1,mitfa,mitfb,dct and sox10,were down-regulated in tyr-CRISPR WCC,which ultimately caused a reduction in melanin synthesis.These results demonstrated that tyr plays a key role in melanin synthesis in WCC and WR,and CRISPR-Cas9 is an effective tool for modifying the genome of economical fish.Furthermore,the tyr-CRISPR models could be valuable in understanding fundamental mechanisms of pigment formation in non-model fish. | Qingfeng Liu Yanhua Qi Qiuli Liang Jia Song Junmei Liu Wuhui Li Yuqin Shu Min Tao Chun Zhang Qinbo Qin Jing Wang Shaojun Liu | 2019 | Science China(Life Sciences)2019，62，9： | 4 |
| 5 | 动物和植物远缘杂交比较研究显示文摘远缘杂交是指不同物种之间的杂交,它可以是种间、属间甚至亲缘关系更远的物种之间杂交.远缘杂交可以把属于不同种、属等远缘遗传关系的不同个体的生物特性结合起来,突破种间界限,扩大遗传变异,是创制具有遗传变异、可育、优良性状的新品系乃至新种群的重要方法.本文在分析和归纳大量国内外有关动物和植物远缘杂交文献的基础上,结合本实验室长期从事鱼类远缘杂交的研究结果,在对动物和植物远缘杂交实验的具体例子进行描述和分析的基础上,比较和总结了动、植物中远缘杂交形成不同倍性生物后代的主要生物学特性;概述了动物和植物远缘杂交的相似性和差异性;分析和归纳了导致动物和植物远缘杂交形成存活和不存活后代的可能原因;还对动物和植物远缘杂交后代的形态学、细胞学和分子细胞遗传学等生物学特性研究的方法进行了介绍.旨在为系统地比较动物和植物远缘杂交的遗传、繁殖、生长性状等生物学特性提供较系统的研究资料,以阐明它们在遗传育种和生物进化方面的共性作用及重要意义. | 陈婕 罗觅 陶敏 段巍 张纯 覃钦博 肖军 刘少军 | 2016 | 中国科学:生命科学2016，46，10： | 4 |
| 6 | The integration characteristics of the exogenous growth hormone gene in a transgenic common carp(Cyprinus carpio L.) with fast-growth performance显示文摘The genetic stability and expression efficiency of exogenous genes in transgenic animals are closely related to integration site and copy number. In our laboratory, by transgenic manipulation and subsequent test crosses, we established an ‘‘all-fish'' growth hormone(GH)transgenic common carp family that exhibits fast growth.In this present study, genome walking, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques were applied to identify the integration characteristics of the exogenous grass carp GH gene in the transgenic common carp. The exogenous GH genes, in the form of two complete and one incomplete tandem repeats, were found to have integrated into an ATrich region near the end of a chromosome pair. We hypothesize that the high efficiency of exogenous GH gene expression might be due to the low copy number in the genome and the AT-rich integration site. | Ji Chen Qing Luo Hairong Bao Lanjie Liao Yongming Li Zuoyan Zhu Yaping Wang Wei Hu | 2015 | Science Bulletin2015，60，19： | 3 |
| 7 | Further evidence for paternal DNA transmission in gynogenetic grass carp显示文摘Gynogenesis is an important breeding method in aquaculture and has been widely applied to many fish species.If gynogenetic progenies are to inherit paternal partial genomic DNA,this will increase genetic variation and will provide a useful outcome for breeding.In this study,we investigated the genetic variation in homeobox(Hox)gene clusters(Hox A4 a,Hox A9 a,Hox A11 b,Hox B1 b,Hox C4 a,Hox C6 b,and Hox D10 a)among koi carp(Cyprinus carpio haematopterus,KOC;the stimulation sperm source),grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idellus),and gynogenetic grass carp(GGC).We found paternal DNA(a special DNA fragment and Hox C6 b)derived from KOC and a recombinant gene belonging to Hox C6 b in GGC.We are the first to report the recombinant Hox C6 b in GGC.Our study provides further evidence for paternal DNA transmission to gynogenetic progenies,which is a finding with great significance for the genetic breeding of fish. | Zhuangwen Mao Yeqing Fu Shi Wang Yude Wang Kaikun Luo Chun Zhang Min Tao Shaojun Liu | 2020 | Science China(Life Sciences)2020，63，9： | 2 |
| 8 | 吉富罗非鱼(♀)与翘嘴鳜(♂)远缘杂交子代的遗传特征分析显示文摘为了探究吉富罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus,GIFT)(♀)与翘嘴鳜(Siniperca chuatsi)(♂)远缘杂交的可行性,对吉富罗非鱼(♀)×翘嘴鳜(♂)子代的胚胎发育、细胞遗传和分子遗传特征进行了初步研究。杂交子代的胚胎存活率仅为(0.34±0.13)%,通过流式细胞技术对正常存活个体进行了DNA相对含量分析,结果显示杂交子代的DNA含量和吉富罗非鱼的DNA含量无显著性差异。染色体数目和核型分析结果显示,杂交子代的染色体数目是2n=44,核型公式是6sm+24st+14t,染色体臂数(NF)=50。杂交子代的染色体数目与其母本相同,核型与其母本相似,二者与父本明显不同。细胞遗传和分子遗传特征的结果显示,吉富罗非鱼(♀)×翘嘴鳜(♂)子代属于雌核发育个体。 | 杨娜 曹建萌 刘志刚 高风英 可小丽 王淼 衣萌萌 卢迈新 | 2021 | 淡水渔业2021，51，5： | 1 |
| 9 | 脊椎动物多倍体基因组演化研究现状——模型选取及研究方法进展显示文摘多倍化即全基因组加倍的现象,在植物中普遍存在,而在脊椎动物中相对罕见.多倍体植物类群如何克服'基因组休克'效应达成基因组稳定及演化等问题均有系统的研究和成熟的理论,同时也为脊椎动物多倍化研究提供了理论参考.本文综述了多倍化研究中的理论发展,以及脊椎动物类群中的研究模型和进展,论述了组学研究面临的挑战以及有效的技术策略,以期能为未来解析脊椎动物多倍体演化问题提供确实可行的思路. | 柴静 林国亮 黄峰 Robert W.Murphy | 2019 | 中国科学:生命科学2019，49，4： | 1 |
| 10 | 不同倍性鲫鲤MeCP2基因分子克隆及时空表达分析显示文摘为了探寻不同倍性鱼生殖育性的表观遗传调控规律,实验基于不同倍性鲫鲤精巢的转录本信息库设计引物克隆了不同倍性鲫鲤的MeCP2基因。序列比对结果发现,在远缘杂交的过程中基因组发生了遗传重组和变异。基于序列公共部分设计引物,通过半定量PCR和实时定量PCR的方法分析了MeCP2基因在不同倍性鱼发育过程中的时空表达特征。结果还发现,MeCP2基因在所有组织中都有表达,但在脑组织中的表达量最高;纵向对比性腺的发育过程,MeCP2基因的表达量会随着性腺发育成熟而下降;横向对比不同倍性鱼的性腺发育,MeCP2基因在三倍体鱼卵巢中的表达量明显高于二倍体和四倍体鱼,但在精巢中的表达量随鱼的倍性增加而增加。研究表明,MeCP2基因的表达与不同倍性鱼的卵巢发育密切相关,这为研究鱼类生殖不育的分子机理及其在水产育种上的应用奠定了坚实的基础。 | 周蓉 伍艳红 姚潇 凌欣 刘文彬 刘少军 | 2016 | 水产学报2016，40，1： | 0 |
| 11 | 鲂鲌杂交鱼染色体减数分裂特征及相关基因分析显示文摘突破种间生殖难关,建立可育品系,在远缘杂交的遗传理论的创新和遗传育种方面都具有重要意义。本课题组利用团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala,BSB,2n=48,♀)与翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus,TC,2n=48,♂)进行属间杂交,突破了鱼类远缘杂交生殖障碍,建立了鲂鲌杂交品系(BTF1-BTF6),为探究鱼类远缘杂交的遗传和繁殖规律提供了宝贵材料。本文在前期育种研究的基础上对鲂鲌杂交鱼减数分裂过程中生殖细胞染色体配对特征、减数分裂相关基因的序列和表达等开展了一系列研究。研究结果显示:鲂鲌F1精巢中的异源染色体能进行正常的联会配对,产生染色体数目减半的次级精母细胞;Dmc1和Rec8是与减数分裂相关的两个基因,其序列在团头鲂和翘嘴鲌中的相似性较高,但在杂交子代呈现偏母本遗传,且出现了不同程度嵌合现象;在鲂鲌F1精巢中,Dmc1基因的表达水平与其亲本相比无显著性差异(P<0.05),而Rec8基因的表达水平则介于亲本之间。这些结果为具有异源基因组的远缘杂交鱼能顺利进行减数分裂提供了重要的生物学证据。本研究在鱼类遗传育种研究方面具有重要意义。 | 汤陈宸 吴昌 李健 陈乾 陶敏 张纯 覃钦博 罗凯坤 刘少军 | 2021 | 生命科学研究2021，25，4： | 0 |
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