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| 1 | Seismites in the Dasheng Group: New evidence of strong tectonic and earthquake activities of the Tanlu Fault Zone显示文摘More than 80 layers of seismites were recognized from the Early Cretaceous Dasheng Group in the Mazhan and Tancheng graben basins in the Tanlu Fault Zone, eastern China. The responsible seismic events took place about 110–100 Ma in the Early Cretaceous. The fault zone was affected at the time by strong tectonics, due to tension-related stretching and scattered squeezing by strike-slip faults. These tectonic activities induced a series of strong earthquakes with Richter magnitudes(M) of 5–8.5. The earthquakes affected saturated or semi-consolidated flood and lake sediments, and produced intra-layer deformations by several processes, including liquefaction, thixotropy, drop, faulting, cracking, filling and folding, which resulted in the formation of various soft-sediment deformation structures, such as dikes and veins of liquefied sand, liquefied breccias, liquefied homogeneous layers, load structures, flame structures, ball-and-pillow structures, boudinage, diapirs, fissure infillings, a giant conglomerate wedge, and syn-sedimentary faults. The seismites are new evidence of tectonic and seismic activities in the Tanlu Fault Zone during the Early Cretaceous; the series of strong seismic events that can be deduced from them must be considered as a response to the destruction of the North China Craton. | TIAN Hong Shui Antonius Johannes VAN LOON WANG Hua Lin ZHANG Shen He ZHU Jie Wang | 2016 | Science China Earth Sciences2016，59，3： | 10 |
| 2 | 纳米地球科学:内涵与意义显示文摘纳米地球科学是纳米科技与地球科学的结合,是一门高度综合的交叉学科,很难划分出经典意义上的单科性研究.纳米地球科学的研究对象主要分为纳米物质与纳米孔隙,二者成因多样、尺度效应明显、广泛分布,对于前者,主要通过各类图像表征手段观察其形态、大小、聚集方式,通过各类谱学方法研究其晶体结构、分子结构等;对于后者,则主要通过图像表征手段、流体注入方法与数值模拟的结合来表征孔隙形态、孔径分布、连通性等特征.纳米地球科学的学科内涵主要体现于:在各传统地球科学学科研究的基础和框架上,针对地球不同圈层中纳米尺度微粒形成、运移、聚集和存在形式以及孔隙形成与演化等亟待解决的科学问题开展系统研究,从而加深对矿物、岩石、构造、地化以及资源、灾害、环境等分支学科纳米尺度特性的认知.纳米地球科学的产生与发展使人类在认识和改造自然方面进入了一个新层次,是地球与行星科学发展的必然途径,为矿床勘探、资源开发、新能源利用、环境污染和地质灾害的预防与治理等问题提供了新的理论依据,有着不可估量的科学意义和应用价值. | 琚宜文 黄骋 孙岩 万泉 刘海龄 卢双舫 何宏平 吴建光 蔡建超 琚丽婷 朱洪建 | 2018 | 地球科学2018，43，5： | 7 |
| 3 | 纳米颗粒物:独具特性的地球化学组成显示文摘至少一维尺度上小于100nm的颗粒物均称为纳米颗粒物,在人工纳米颗粒物产生的几十亿年前,地球已经通过其特有的生物地球化学过程合成各类天然纳米颗粒物.这些纳米颗粒物及其次生产物具有独特的理化特性,并参与各种地球化学过程,体现其非凡的地球化学意义.从地球化学的角度,解析了环境纳米颗粒物的定义和分类,重点阐述了风化壳与水体中天然和次生纳米颗粒物的形成,并在天然纳米颗粒物中区分了纳米矿物和矿物纳米颗粒物;同时,也讨论了大气纳米颗粒物的来源、成因与环境影响.该综述列举了目前环境中纳米颗粒物表征与鉴别的技术和方法,重点剖析了纳米颗粒物的地球化学功能和环境意义,并对该领域的研究前沿问题进行了概述. | 杨毅 周立旻 钭斐昀 孙笑丽 刘敏 Michael F.Hochella Jr. | 2018 | 地球科学2018，43，5： | 4 |
| 4 | 龙门山汶川地震断裂带北川段岩石与地球化学特征及其变形行为显示文摘断裂带的岩石组成、内部结构和地球化学特征是认识断裂活动性质和变形行为的关键,而断层泥作为断裂带核部的重要物质,不仅影响断裂带强度,而且控制断裂的滑移机制。本文以汶川地震的发震断裂龙门山映秀-北川断裂带北川段沙坝探槽中的断层泥为研究对象,通过对断层泥进行宏观与显微构造观察、粉末X射线衍射分析(XRD)、矿物自动化定量分析(TIMA)和薄片微区X射线荧光光谱分析(μXRF)等多种分析,探讨了其所蕴含的断裂变形行为和滑移机制。研究表明:北川段断裂带NW盘主要为寒武纪碳质泥页岩和板岩,SE盘由半固结的黄色砂质黏土层组成。断裂带核部由面理发育的黑色断层角砾岩和面理化的断层泥组成,断层泥厚约25cm,分为黄色断层泥、灰色断层泥和黑色断层泥,汶川地震滑移带沿灰色断层泥和黑色断层泥边界分布,在滑移带附近可见明显的拖曳构造与R1次级剪切破裂,指示了逆冲滑动的性质。断层泥中的碎块呈棱角状大小不均一,显示出地震快速滑动特征,表现为粘滑行为。黄色和灰色断层泥中黏土矿物含量(42%~52%)远高于黑色断层泥(19%~29%),前者石英(36%~47%)、伊利石(18%~32%)和绿泥石(7%~15%)含量整体略高于后者中的含量,而长石含量整体低于后者,表明黄色和灰色断层泥中水-岩作用较强于黑色断层泥,推测前者断层泥的孔隙度高于后者;断层泥中含有较多的伊蒙混层,靠近滑移带Fe元素呈明显增加趋势,暗示了摩擦产生了大量的热,同时,黑色断层泥中发育有石墨,说明断层滑移具有热增压弱化机制。龙门山映秀-北川断裂带北段北川断裂在岩石组成和规模上与南段映秀断裂虹口段断裂带有着明显差异,但均存在断裂滑移的石墨化作用,这些研究对认识映秀-北川断裂带南北段的滑移行为具有重要的指示意义。 | 李成龙 李海兵 王焕 张进江 | 2021 | 岩石学报2021，37，10： | 3 |
| 5 | 海南岛小妹韧性剪切带纳米颗粒发育阶段及形成机制显示文摘为了探讨韧性剪切带中纳米颗粒的发育过程和形成机制,进而厘定纳米颗粒对韧性剪切带形成过程和应力机制的指示作用,选取了在小妹韧性剪切带里发育的3种岩石样品(花岗岩、花岗质片麻岩和石英片岩),在扫描电镜下观察其中的纳米颗粒结构及纳米颗粒的聚集形态.观察结果表明:存在2种基本形态——球形的粒状和长条形的柱状,粒状纳米粒子(纳米粒)在3种岩石中都广泛发育,而柱状纳米颗粒(纳米棒)则在花岗质片麻岩中最发育.对纳米颗粒聚集形态研究,可将发育阶段分为:粒化阶段-异化阶段-成层堆积阶段.再次活动时,首先是经过活化阶段,形成复体颗粒,然后再重复上述阶段.结合纳米颗粒形态变化过程,其形成机制可能为脆-韧性变形. | 王印 刘海龄 张雪芬 沈宝云 朱荣伟 周洋 | 2018 | 地球科学2018，43，5： | 2 |
| 6 | Nanoparticles Study on the Indosinian Xiaomei Shear Zone in the Hainan Island,China:Implication to Developmental Stage and Formation Mechanism of Nanoparticles in a Fault Zone显示文摘Nanoparticles are widely observed in the natural shear zone and experimental slip faults, which can lubricate the fault and significantly reduce the friction coefficient during seismic slip. But it is still not clear how the nanoparticles develop during the process of sliding. Clarifying the development stage of nanoparticles in a fault zone is critical to understanding the formation mechanisms of nanoparticles and the mechanism of fault weakening from a nanoperspective. In this study, four types of nanoparticles were found in the Indosinian Xiaomei shear zone, including spherical nanoparticles, rod-like nanograins and their aggregations. Ultramicroscopic analyses indicate that polished patches are highly smooth and composed of tightly packed spherical nanoparticles and well orientated rod-like nanograins during slip at high velocities. Meanwhile, the dome nanoparticles were formed by the calcite thermal decomposition due to frictional heat during highspeed sliding. The polygonal grooves are possibly related to high temperature(>900℃) grain boundary sliding deformation mechanisms. However, the porous and rough surfaces are accompanied by a series of holes and parallel 'scratches' during a subsequent low-velocity stage. To ascertain the chemical composition of these nanoparticles, the energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) test were conducted. The results suggest that materials rich in Fe, MgO and wollastonite are likely to form the rod-like nanograins, while materials rich in SiO2 are likely to form the spherical nanoparticles. | Yang Zhou Baoyun Shen Yi Yan Hailing Liu Yan Yan | 2020 | Journal of Earth Science2020，31，5： | 0 |
| 7 | Nanogeology in China:A review显示文摘Nanogeology is a subject that is a combination of geology and nanoscale science,and it has been a frontier field in recent years.It is also a new subject with the features of intersectionality and multidisciplinary. Digging deeper into geological problems and nanoscale phenomena helps better revealing the more essential mechanisms and processes in geological science,which is also an evitable path in the development of geology.In this paper,we elaborate the concept,feature and main subdisciplines,and summarize three stages ofnanogeology development from preliminary research in the 1990s to subject formation in China.After summarizing the researchers'achievements in this field,we illustrate some primary research progresses of nanogeology in China as eight subdiseiplines.On the basis of the above content,we propose the development prospect of nanogeology in China.There are many geologic problems with scientific values and economic benefits,such as research of geologic fundamental problems,resource exploration and development,mechanism study and prediction of geological activities (disasters),mechanism research and management of environmental pollution and others.Nanogeology has a great potential in China to solve all of these problems.As a result,the theories and methods of nanogeology will become enriching and advanced.It offers important theoretical basis and technological methods to deal with major issues concerning the national economy and the people's livelihoods,such as the prediction of geological activities,as well as resource dislribution and its exploration and utilization. | Yi-wen Ju Cheng Huang Yan Sun Cai-neng Zou Hong-ping He Quan Wan Xue-qiu Wang Xian-cai Lu Shuang-fang Lu Jian-guang Wu Hong-tai Chao Hai-ling Liu Jie-shan Qiu Fei Huang Hong-jian Zhu Jian-chao Cai Yue Sun | 2018 | China Geology2018，1，2： | 0 |
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