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| 1 | 燃煤排放可吸入颗粒物中微量元素的分布特征显示文摘燃煤排放被认为是大气颗粒物的主要来源之一,通过燃烧—稀释系统对采自织金、大同、东胜、银川、京西等地区的煤进行燃烧实验,采用ICP-MS(电感耦合等离子体质谱)研究燃煤排放的颗粒物中微量元素分布特征。结果表明,燃煤排放颗粒物主要富集Zn,Fe,Rb,Pb,Cu,Cr,Ti,Mn,Ba,Ni,As等微量元素,在颗粒物的水溶性组分中主要富集Zn,Rb,Pb,Cu,Ti,As,Ni等微量元素。微量元素Cs,Rb,Cd,Tl,Sb,Zn的水溶态组分在对应的微量元素总量中占比较高,说明这些元素主要以水可溶态的形式存在于燃煤排放的大气颗粒物中,而Fe在水溶组分中没有检测到,说明Fe主要以水不溶态存在于燃煤排放的大气颗粒物中。燃煤排放的颗粒物中的稀土元素以Sc,Ce,Nd,La为主。5种不同的煤燃烧排放PM10中微量元素的总量表现为:银川煤>织金煤>京西煤>大同煤>东胜煤,其中银川煤和京西煤燃烧排放PM10中微量元素总量较高的原因主要与其原煤的灰分含量较高有关,而织金煤燃烧排放PM10中微量元素的总量较高,主要与其原煤中的硫分较高有关。 | 侯聪 邵龙义 王静 刘君霞 赵承美 耿春梅 | 2016 | 煤炭学报2016，41，3： | 24 |
| 2 | 湛江湾柱状沉积物n-alkanes和PAHs组合分子特征及其环境指示作用显示文摘本文对湛江湾湾内、湾口和湾外柱状沉积物n-alkanes和PAHs的空间分布、成分谱特征和排放源进行调查分析。结果表明:(1)n-alkanes和PAHs的空间分布一致,浓度水平由高到低依次为:湾内、湾口、湾外,垂直变化不明显;(2)n-alkanes和PAHs的成分谱和L/H、CPI、Ant/(Ant+Phe)、Flu/(Flu+Pyr)、BaA/(BaA+Chry)、IP/(IP+BghiP)等特征参数比值以及主成分分析结果表明C25~C35高碳数n-alkanes的高等植物贡献具有绝对优势,C14~C24中低碳数的n-alkanes和PAHs则有共同的石油、化石燃料燃烧和生物质燃烧等人为源;(3)C14~C24中低碳n-alkanes与PAHs的源解析结果相同,其线性相关系数在0.67以上,表明两者具有较好的相关性,但两者之间的定量关系还需进一步的研究。本研究表明n-alkanes和PAHs对人为源的指示具有一致性,两者具有良好的相关性,能够较好地反映城市的社会经济状况,在进一步的研究中可以建立两者之间的定量关系并形成新的参数,提高人为源解析结果的准确性,深入反映人类活动对海洋环境的影响。 | 陈志强 赵利容 刘贝贝 孙省利 | 2016 | 海洋学报2016，38，8： | 5 |
| 3 | Characteristics of particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons emitted from industrial grade biomass boilers显示文摘Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) are carcinogenic or mutagenic and are important toxic pollutants in the flue gas of boilers. Two industrial grade biomass boilers were selected to investigate the characteristics of particulate-bound PAHs: one biomass boiler retro-fitted from an oil boiler(BB1) and one specially designed(BB2) biomass boiler. One coal-fired boiler was also selected for comparison. By using a dilution tunnel system, particulate samples from boilers were collected and 10 PAH species were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC–MS). The total emission factors(EFs) of PAHs ranged from 0.0064 to0.0380 mg/kg, with an average of 0.0225 mg/kg, for the biomass boiler emission samples. The total PAH EFs for the tested coal-fired boiler were 1.8 times lower than the average value of the biomass boilers. The PAH diagnostic ratios for wood pellets and straw pellets were similar.The ratio of indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene/[indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene + benzo(g,h,i)perylene] for the two biomass boilers was lower than those of the reference data for other burning devices, which can probably be used as an indicator to distinguish the emission of biomass boilers from that of industrial coal-fired boilers and residential stoves. The toxic potential of the emission from wood pellet burning was higher than that from straw pellet burning, however both of them were much lower than residential stove exhausts. | Xiaoyang Yang Chunmei Geng Xuesong Sun Wen Yang Xinhua Wang Jianhua Chen | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016，28，2： | 4 |
| 4 | 胎盘组织内多环芳烃浓度与唇腭裂风险的关联性研究显示文摘目的以胎盘组织内多环芳烃(PAHs)为内暴露标志,探讨母亲孕期PAHs暴露与后代唇腭裂风险之间的关联性。方法以2003—2016年间在山西省六个县/市募集的103例有胎盘组织标本的唇腭裂病例为病例组,从509例有胎盘标本的无缺陷新生儿中随机抽取103例作为对照组。通过问卷调查获得孕妇的人口学信息、生活方式及环境暴露资料。使用气相色谱-质谱检测胎盘组织中PAHs浓度,比较两组间PAHs浓度的差异,分析PAHs水平与唇腭裂风险之间的关联性。结果 16种目标PAHs中,10种高于定量检出限。对照组胎盘组织内10种PAHs总浓度中位数(P_(25)~P_(75))为468. 1 (393. 5~545. 4) ng/g,病例组总浓度中位数(P_(25)~P_(75))为441. 6 (364. 5~570. 0) ng/g,两组间的差异无统计学意义。对单一PAHs进行比较,对照组萘(NAP)的浓度显著高于病例组,但调整混杂因素后,这一联系不再存在。PAHs的影响因素分析中,母亲职业为农民者的胎盘组织内高分子量PAHs浓度高于其它职业;孕期采暖与低分子量PAHs浓度和总PAHs浓度呈正相关。将病例组孕周按20~27、28~36和≥37周分组,胎盘组织内PAHs的浓度随孕周的增加而增加。结论未发现胎盘组织内PAHs水平与唇腭裂风险存在关联性。 | 乔怡然 倪文丽 孙颖 王斌 靳蕾 李智文 王琳琳 任爱国 | 2019 | 中国生育健康杂志2019，30，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in typical urban of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau:Characterization,sources and risk assessment显示文摘Monthly particle-phase ambient samples collected at six sampling locations in Yuxi,a high-altitude city on the edge of Southeast Asia,were measured for particle-associated PAHs.As trace substances,polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are susceptible to the influences of meteorological conditions,emissions,and gas-particulate partitioning and it is challenging job to precise quantify the source and define the transmission path.The daily concentrations of total PM_(2.5)-bound PAHs ranged from 0.65 to 80.76 ng/m^(3),with an annual mean of 11.94 ng/m^(3).Here,we found that the concentration of PM_(2.5)-bound PAHs in winter was significantly higher than that in summer,which was mainly due to source and meteorology influence.The increase of fossil combustion and biomass burning in cold season became the main contributors of PAHs,while precipitation and low temperature exacerbated this difference.According to the concentration variation trend of PM_(2.5)-bound PAHs and their relationship with meteorological conditions,a new grouping of PAHs is applied,which suggested that PAHs have different environmental fates and migration paths.A combination of source analysis and trajectory model supported local sources from combustion of fossil fuel and vehicle exhaust contributed to the major portion on PAHs in particle,but on the Indochina Peninsula the large number of pollutants emitted by biomass burning during the fire season would affect the composition of PAHs through long-range transporting.Risk assessment in spatial and temporal variability suggested that citizens living in industrial areas were higher health risk caused by exposure the PM_(2.5)-bound PAHs than that in other regions,and the risk in winter was three times than in summer. | Yaoqian Zhong Bingxin Xia Jianwu Shi Ping Ning Chaoneng Zhang Xinyu Han Jiming Hao | 2022 | Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering2022，16，9： | 0 |
| 6 | 褐煤及其低温热解半焦中可溶多环芳烃特征显示文摘低温热解提质是实现褐煤清洁高效利用的重要途径之一。半焦作为提质后的固体产物在工业和民用清洁燃料方面得到广泛应用。以来自中国内蒙古(SHM)、印度尼西亚(YN)和蒙古国(WM)的3个褐煤及其550℃下热解半焦为样本,采用溶剂萃取结合GC/MS分析的方法研究其可溶多环芳烃(PAHs)含量及组成特征。结果显示,3个褐煤的PAHs总量(∑PAHs)、US EPA规定的优控16种PAHs质量分数(∑16PAHs)及对应烷基取代PAHs质量分数(∑aPAHs)分别在4 362~125 635、1 871~35 039和1 723~61 757 ng/g,揭示了不同来源褐煤的PAHs含量差异显著且aPAHs含量丰富的特征。3个褐煤对应热解半焦的∑PAHs、∑16PAHs和∑aPAHs质量分数分别在4 679~10 289、1 831~6 354和744~2 737 ng/g。不同来源褐煤产出半焦的PAHs含量变化不同,SHM半焦的PAHs含量显著低于原煤,YN半焦的PAHs含量高于原煤,WM半焦中PAHs总量与其原煤相近,但其16PAHs含量较原煤相比有所增加。半焦的∑aPAHs含量均低于对应母体∑16PAHs含量,表明存留于半焦的PAHs以热力学更稳定的母体形式为主。褐煤和半焦的PAHs组成均以2~3环为主,尤其YN半焦中萘及烷基萘含量显著高于原煤,是其PAHs总量增大的主要原因。YN褐煤热解过程中发生了煤分子内的激烈裂解反应并有大量小分子PAHs生成。不同褐煤及其半焦的可溶PAHs变化不同,不仅从分子层面反映不同煤在热解过程中的物理化学反应不同,也反映了煤大分子结构特征差异。 | 卢梦仟 李珊 石运固 张慧 梁汉东 | 2023 | 洁净煤技术2023，29，11： | 0 |
| 7 | Gas evolution characteristics of three kinds of no-bake resin-bonded sands for foundry in production显示文摘No-bake resin-bonded sand is commonly used in casting production.However,its air pollution is relatively serious,especially in the molding and pouring process.For this reason,it is necessary to study the gas evolution characteristics of no-bake resin-bonded sand from room temperature to high temperatures,and not only the amount of gaseous products,but also the composition of the gaseous products.No-bake furan resin-bonded sand(#1),phenolic urethane no-bake resin-bonded sand(#2),and alkaline phenolic no-bake resin-bonded sand(#3)are the three most common no-bake resin-bonded sands in casting.The gas evolution volume and rate of these three no-bake resin-bonded sands were studied.Thermogravimetry-mass spectrometer(TG-MS),headspace-gas chromatography/mass spectrometer(HS-GC/MS),and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometer(PY-GC/MS)were used to measure the composition of the gaseous products emitted from binders at room temperature and high temperatures.The differences between formaldehyde,heterocyclic aromatic compounds(HAC),monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(MAH),and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)gaseous products from the three types of no-bake resin-bonded sands during the molding and casting process were compared.From the perspective of environmental protection,alkaline phenolic no-bake resin-bonded sand and no-bake furan resin-bonded sand are better than phenolic urethane no-bake resin-bonded sand. | Xue-wen Qian Peng Wan Ya-jun Yin Yu-yang Qi Xiao-yuan Ji Xu Shen Yuan-cai Li Jian-xin Zhou | 2022 | China Foundry2022，19，2： | 0 |
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