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| 1 | 中元古代增氧事件显示文摘富含氧气是地球有别于太阳系其他行星的本质特征之一,也被认为是各种复杂生命诞生并不断演化的关键.长久以来,科学界一直认为,地球表层氧化是幕式的,其中两个关键时期是古元古代早期(2.45~2.10Ga)和新元古代晚期(0.80~0.54Ga)的两次大氧化事件,之间则是长达13亿年的低氧环境.但近年来,国内外多个团队基于中国华北燕辽中元古界的独立研究证实,至少在1.59~1.56、1.44~1.43和1.40~1.36Ga三个时期的大气氧含量为现今水平(PAL)的4%以上,高于国际普遍认知的<0.1~1%PAL.高的大气-海洋氧化程度在澳大利亚、西伯利亚的同期地层中也得到验证,指示两次幕式氧化事件之间的中元古代早期(1.59~1.36Ga)增氧事件可能是全球性的.中元古代增氧事件与Columbia(Nuna)超大陆裂解、富有机质页岩和铁-锰矿床沉积、真核藻类早期演化相耦合,指示地球表层系统演变和资源形成受地质和生物作用的共同驱动. | 张水昌 王华建 王晓梅 叶云涛 | 2022 | 中国科学:地球科学2022，52，1： | 13 |
| 2 | 最小含氧带和硫化环境控制14亿年前有机质生烃能力显示文摘显生宙沉积有机质富集和生烃潜力受控于初级生产力和保存环境,但元古宙以原核生物为主的广泛厌氧环境对烃源岩发育的控制作用并不清楚.中国华北燕辽盆地中元古界下马岭组发育一套厚达250 m的富有机质烃源岩,主要形成于硫化厌氧和最小含氧带(oxygen minimum zone,OMZ)水体环境,沉积时限约为1400~1360 Ma.选择有代表性的两类黑色页岩样品开展了黄金管热模拟实验,结果表明,14亿年前富有机质页岩的生油气潜力与显生宙优质烃源岩相当,且明显受控于沉积时的海洋水体环境;硫化厌氧环境的沉积有机质,虽丰度略低(TOC 5%),但生油能力明显高于OMZ环境下的沉积有机质(TOC达12%);两类沉积环境有机质的生烷烃气能力却相反.这说明,厌氧环境不但有利于有机质富集,同时保存了对生油更加有效的富氢脂肪结构;尽管OMZ海洋初级生产力很高,在底层水有氧环境下也能够沉积高丰度的有机碳,但氧化作用使其生油潜力明显降低.研究证实,中元古代海洋环境的动态演化对沉积有机质的母源构成、生烃潜力和产物组成具有重要影响,为深入了解并探索中新元古界的烃源岩发育机制和油气资源潜力提供了一个重要窗口. | 王晓梅 张水昌 何坤 王华建 米敬奎 苏劲 叶云涛 | 2021 | 科学通报2021，66，23： | 5 |
| 3 | The Mesoproterozoic Oxygenation Event显示文摘The accumulation of oxygen is one of the most important characteristics that distinguish Earth from other planets in the solar system,which is also considered to be the key factor influencing the birth and evolution of complex life forms.The oxygenation process of the Earth surface has long been viewed to be episodic with two critical intervals occurring in the early Paleoproterozoic(2.45-2.10 Ga)and the late Neoproterozoic(0.80-0.54 Ga),with a 1.3-billion-year-long low oxygen period in between.Recently,increasing independent works carried out by different scientific teams in the Yanliao Basin,North China are demonstrating that the atmospheric oxygen concentrations had reached>4%PAL(present atmospheric levels)at least during 1.59-1.56,1.44-1.43,and 1.40-1.36 Ga.These estimated values are higher than the previously recommended values of<0.1-1%PAL.Such a scenario discovered in the Yanliao Basin is consistent with the synchronously deposited strata in Australia and Siberia,pointing to a Mesoproterozoic oxygenation event(1.59-1.36 Ga)between the two major oxygenation intervals during the Proterozoic.This Mesoproterozoic oxygenation event is coupled with the break-up of the Columbia(Nuna)supercontinent,the formation of organic-rich shales and Fe-Mn deposits,and the early innovation of eukaryotic algae,indicating that the geological and biological co-evolutionary processes control the Earth surface system. | Shuichang ZHANG Huajian WANG Xiaomei WANG Yuntao YE | 2021 | Science China Earth Sciences2021，64，12： | 5 |
| 4 | 燕辽海盆中元古界下马岭组沉积期的物源性质与古地理环境显示文摘通过对河北省张家口下花园区夏家沟-古城梁、怀来县赵家山等剖面地质测量,分析了1400 Ma前沉积的下马岭组岩性变化、沉积序列与海平面升降演化、岩石矿物组分与重矿物组合,认为下马岭组沉积时期发育温暖湿润的气候条件及多期热带风暴作用,早期的大规模风暴与浊流等事件沉积,晚期的浅海陆棚风暴岩、深水陆棚泥页岩、细粒浊积岩及安静水体的泥灰岩透镜体(灰泥饼)等是其鲜明的沉积响应。该时期发育一次长期缓慢的海平面上升-下降过程,对应一个二级层序。内幕可细分为五次海平面升降变化,对应五个三级层序;下马岭组沉积早期的物质组分主要以砂质、泥质为主,晚期转化为以泥质、灰质、云质为主,砂质减少,两种类型的物质组合系统先后影响燕辽裂陷槽;下马岭组沉积时期,具有双物源性质,除了主要来自于东部的山海关古隆起外,晚期可能也有西部山西古陆提供物源,来自北部的沉积物源不发育,推测北部的内蒙-冀北隆起(内蒙地轴)不存在,燕辽盆地具有西陡东缓的箕状断陷盆地特征,盆地古地形、物源供给变化与多级次海平面振荡变化控制了下马岭组沉积物的时空演化特征。该研究为1400 Ma前华北克拉通北部燕辽盆地岩相古地理的恢复提供了重要参考。 | 高志勇 王华建 冯佳睿 罗忠 张宇航 李晓红 | 2021 | 地质学报2021，95，12： | 5 |
| 5 | Geochemistry and detrital zircon records of the Ruyang-Luoyu groups,southern North China Craton:Provenance,crustal evolution and Paleo-Mesoproterozoic tectonic implications显示文摘Paleo-to Mesoproterozoic sedimentary rocks in the southern margin of the North China Craton(NCC)are represented by the Ruyang and Luoyu groups.We studied the sedimentary rocks from the Yunmengshan and Beidajian formations of the Ruyang Group and the Cuizhuang and Sanjiaotang formations of the Luoyu Group.Detrital zircon grains from these formations have U–Pb age populations of 3.64–3.31 Ga,2.96–2.86 Ga,2.72–2.59 Ga,2.56–2.47 Ga,2.45–2.0 Ga,1.99–1.85 Ga and 1.84–1.65 Ga.The geochemical features of the sedimentary rocks suggest that some of the sediments were sourced from intermediate to felsic magmatic rocks.The age groups of the detrital zircon are roughly consistent with the tectono-thermal events in the southern margin of the NCC.The Hf isotopic compositions of detrital zircon from the sedimentary rocks in Ruyang and Luoyu groups suggest that significant crustal growth and reworking of the NCC took place during the Neoarchean and early-to mid-Paleoproterozoic,while crustal reworking at the Paleoarchean and late-Paleoproterozoic,and crustal growth at the Mesoarchean.We suggest the depositional times of the Ruyang Group and Luoyu Group are constrained to no older than 1.75–1.7 Ga and 1.7–1.65 Ga,respectively.Formation of late-Paleoproterozoic basins related to the strike slip and extrusion tectonics that cross-cut the NCC during the late Paleoproterozoic(<1.75 Ga),and the late Paleoproterozoic sedimentation once isochronous developed in the southern margin of the NCC through the Taihang region of the interior NCC and linked the Yanshan–Liaoxi regions of the northern NCC. | Xi-Yao Li Sanzhong Li Tong-Shan Wang Yunpeng Dong Xiao-Guang Liu Shu-Juan Zhao Kun Wang Jiao-Peng Sun Li-Ming Dai Yan-Hui Suo | 2020 | Geoscience Frontiers2020，11，2： | 3 |
| 6 | Metallogenic‘factories’and resultant highly anomalous mineral endowment on the craton margins of China显示文摘The current margins of the North China and Yangtze Cratons provide arguably the best examples globally of anomalously high mineral endowment within a 100 km buffer zone,hosting 66 diverse world-class to giant ore systems that help explain China’s premier position as a producer of multiple metal and mineral commodities.After the cratonization of these crustal blocks during the Neoarchean-Paleoproterozoic,with incorporation of iron ores on assembled micro-block margins,the margins of the cratons experienced multiple convergence and rifting events leading to metasomatism and fertilization of their underlying sub-continental lithospheric mantle.The rifted margins with trans-lithosphere faults provided pathways for Cu-Au(Mo-W-Sn)-bearing felsic to Ni-Cu-bearing ultrabasic intrusions and REE-rich carbonatite magmas,and for the development of marginal sedimentary basins with both Cu-Pb-Zn-rich source units and reactive carbonate or carbonaceous host rocks.There was diachronous formation of hydrothermal orogenic gold,antimony,and bismuth systems in the narrow orogenic belts between the cratons.Complexity in the Mesozoic Paleo-Pacific subduction systems resulted in asthenosphere upwelling and lithosphere extension and thinning in the North China Craton,leading to anomalous heat flow and formation of orogenic gold deposits,including those of the giant Jiaodong gold province on its north-eastern margin.These gold deposits,many of which formed from fluids liberated by devolatilization of previously metasomatized sub-continental lithospheric mantle,helped propel China to be the premier gold producer globally.The thick sub-continental lithospheric mantle of the cold buoyant cratons helped the preservation of some of the world’s oldest porphyry-skarn and epithermal mineral systems.Although craton margins globally control the formation and preservation of a diverse range of mineral deposits,China represents the premier example in terms of metal endowment due to the anomalous length of its craton margins combined with their abnormally complex tectonic history. | Li-Qiang Yang Jun Deng David I.Groves M.Santosh Wen-Yan He Nan Li Liang Zhang Rui-Rui Zhang Hong-Rui Zhang | 2022 | Geoscience Frontiers2022，13，2： | 3 |
| 7 | 不整合带内部结构精细表征及其地质意义显示文摘目前对于不整合带的研究成果主要集中在不整合面与上下地层接触关系的分析和描述方面,对不整合带'三层结构'分层模式的研究,虽然在一定程度上揭示了不整合纵向上的层次结构,但对其内部结构精细化的表征与刻画还稍显不足。鉴于此,通过充分利用野外露头资料,结合前人的研究成果,对不整合带的结构进行了较为精细的刻画与分析,指出了'三层结构'的不唯一性,以过程沉积学为理论指导,依据'点-线-面'的方法和原则,提出了不整合带的'二维结构'与'三维结构'相结合的一种新的综合表征方法。二维结构是一种面性结构,三维结构是一种体性结构,并进一步论述了视不整合线和视不整合面对不整合结构的识别意义。依据不整合带的空间配置及其地质意义,建立了16种针对2类不整合的空间结构配置关系类型,以期进一步指导不整合带内部结构的认识。 | 林志鹏 单敬福 陈乐 孙千军 张坦 | 2018 | 地质科技情报2018，37，1： | 1 |
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