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| 1 | Impacts of land disturbance and restoration on runoff production and sediment yield in the Chinese Loess Plateau显示文摘Land disturbance and land restoration are important factors influencing runoff production and sediment yield in the semi-arid loess regions of China. This study compared the runoff production and sediment yield during the early stage after land disturbance(ESLD) with those during restoring stage after land disturbance(RSLD). Grey relational analysis was used to analyse the importance of each one of the influencing factors(vegetation, rainfall, soil and topography) in affecting the runoff production and sediment yield. Our results showed that during ESLD, topography was the most critical factor controlling the runoff production, while soil was the most important factor controlling the sediment yield. During RSLD, vegetation was more important in affecting runoff production, while rainfall was more important in affecting sediment yield. In additional, this study demonstrated that both the runoff production and the sediment yield can be effectively reduced by restoring vegetation on severely-disturbed lands, thus providing an important theoretical basis for better implementations of the Grain for Green Program. Our results revealed that the vegetation types of Hippophae rhamnoides+Pinus tabulaeformis and H. rhamnoides are better plant selections for land restoration in this area, especially for relatively gentle slopes(i.e., less than 20 degrees). | AI Ning WEI Tianxing ZHU Qingke QIANG Fangfang MA Huan QIN Wei | 2017 | Journal of Arid Land2017，9，1： | 1 |
| 2 | 气候变化背景下云南省林火演变特征及规律研究显示文摘全球气候变暖背景下,森林火灾频发,探究气候变化与森林火灾的关系有利于开展森林火灾防控工作。选择云南省1980-2020年的森林火灾次数、过火面积和极端气候事件年份,分析森林火灾发生规律、极端气候年份之间及其与普通年份林火发生情况的组间差异;并选择聚类分析法划分森林火灾形势等级,以及应用马尔科夫链研究各等级转移规律和预测2023-2027年各年不同等级发生的概率。结果表明:云南省林火演变特征表现为火灾次数与过火面积变化相关系数为0.931;火灾次数时间序列断点分别为1989年、2012年;1980-1989年厄尔尼诺年与拉尼娜年的火灾次数存在显著差异(Sig.<0.05),但过火面积无显著差异(Sig.>0.05);1990-2012年火灾次数与过火面积均存在显著差异(Sig.<0.05);其他情况无显著差异(Sig.>0.05);K-聚类划分森林火灾形势为Ⅰ级(轻度)、Ⅱ级(一般)、Ⅲ级(中度)、Ⅳ级(高度)、Ⅴ级(极高度)5个等级,Ⅰ、Ⅱ级相互转移的概率约占全部转移事件的78%,Ⅰ~Ⅲ级相互转移的概率高于90%。2023-2027年云南省森林火灾形势等级为Ⅰ~Ⅴ级的概率分别在0.683~0.702、0.251~0.253、0.036~0.048、0.003~0.006和0.007~0.012,云南省未来5年森林火灾形势总体平稳,发生Ⅰ~Ⅱ级的概率高于93%,Ⅳ~Ⅴ级的概率低于2%。该结论可为气候变化下森林火灾管理及防控提供理论支撑。 | 马泽南 高仲亮 王何晨阳 杨红艳 | 2023 | 消防科学与技术2023，42，1： | 1 |
| 3 | 北京市居民对“空中菜园”的支付意愿调查与分析显示文摘通过问卷调查,采用意愿调查价值评估法(CVM)对北京市'空中菜园'发展的潜在规模和潜在经济价值进行了估计,并运用多元回归分析方法对影响支付意愿的因素进行了简要分析。结果表明:北京市居民愿意参与和支付'空中菜园'建设的意愿支付率高达79.55%;被调查者的人均支付意愿(WTP)每年为1 430.76元(人民币,下同),人均愿意支付的菜园面积为4.08 m^2,每平方米每年愿意支付的金额为350.68元,由此估算得出全北京市'空中菜园'潜在发展空间为6 863.88万m^2,潜在价值为每年240.70亿元;居民对空中菜园的了解程度、受教育程度、家庭收入水平与支付意愿存在显著的正相关,年龄为负相关,女性有更高的支付意愿率。北京市'空中菜园'潜藏巨大经济效益和广阔的发展前景,应普及居民对'空中菜园'屋顶利用模式的认知,实施配套政策支持鼓励'空中菜园'市场的商业经营开发,充分挖掘和利用'空中菜园'潜在价值。 | 田明华 李慧敏 潘丽 贺立 朱厚强 | 2016 | 上海农业学报2016，32，4： | 0 |
| 4 | Forest fire risk indices and zoning of hazardous areas in Sorocaba,Sao Paulo state,Brazil显示文摘This study compares the performance of three fire risk indices for accuracy in predicting fires in semideciduous forest fragments,creates a fire risk map by integrating historical fire occurrences in a probabilistic density surface using the Kernel density estimator(KDE)in the municipality of Sorocaba,Sao Paulo state,Brazil.The logarithmic Telicyn index,Monte Alegre formula(MAF)and enhanced Monte Alegre formula(MAF+)were employed using data for the period 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2016.Meteorological data and numbers of fire occurrences were obtained from the National Institute of Meteorology(INMET)and the Institute for Space Research(INPE),respectively.Two performance measures were calculated:Heidke skill score(SS)and success rate(SR).The MAF+index was the most accurate,with values of SS and SR of 0.611%and 62.8%,respectively.The fire risk map revealed two most susceptible areas with high(63 km^2)and very high(47 km^2)risk of fires in the municipality.Identification of the best risk index and the generation of fire risk maps can contribute to better planning and cost reduction in preventing and fighting forest fires. | Leonardo Guimaraes Ziccardi Claudio Roberto Thiersch Aurora Miho Yanai Philip Martin Fearnside Pedro Jose Ferreira-Filho | 2020 | Journal of Forestry Research2020，31，2： | 0 |
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