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| 1 | 化学改性强化活性炭纤维吸附重金属离子显示文摘为提高活性炭纤维(ACF)对水中重金属离子的吸附性能,采用两种不同改性方法对ACF进行改性处理,比较其对水中Pb(II)、Cu(II)和Co(II)的竞争吸附效能,并对改性前后ACF表面的物理化学特征变化进行分析.结果表明:改性ACF均具有较大的比表面积和孔容积;HNO3及Fe改性后ACF结晶程度较未改性ACF有所降低,且Fe改性ACF具有明显的Fe衍射峰.ACF对重金属离子吸附速率较快,60 min吸附基本达到平衡,HNO3及Fe改性ACF的吸附平衡时间有所增加.初始p H变化直接影响ACF对Pb(II)、Cu(II)和Co(II)的去除效果.3种ACF对重金属离子的亲和力顺序均为Pb(II)>Cu(II)>Co(II),随着平衡质量浓度的增加,其对Pb(II)和Cu(II)的吸附量增大,而对Co(II)的吸附量呈先增加再下降趋势.Langmuir和Freundlich模型均能较好地描述竞争吸附中Pb(II)和Cu(II)离子的吸附过程,但不能有效模拟Co(II)离子的吸附过程. | 师杰 赵志伟 崔福义 梁志杰 孙天一 聂亚林 | 2016 | 哈尔滨工业大学学报2016，48，8： | 19 |
| 2 | 活性炭纤维对废水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能及再生试验研究显示文摘研究了活性炭纤维吸附废水中Cr(Ⅵ)、再生及吸附过程热力学和动力学,并采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对吸附前、后的活性炭纤维进行表征。结果表明:用活性炭纤维吸附Cr(Ⅵ),在废水体积50 mL、pH=2、Cr(Ⅵ)初始质量浓度40 mg/L、吸附时间200 min、吸附剂用量0.5 g条件下,Cr(Ⅵ)吸附去除率为98.81%,Cr(Ⅵ)吸附量为3.95 mg/g;影响吸附过程的最重要因素为吸附剂用量;吸附过程更符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和准二级动力学吸附模型;用0.1 mol/L盐酸溶液对吸附Cr(Ⅵ)后的活性炭纤维进行洗涤、再生,然后重复试验,连续5次吸附后,Cr(Ⅵ)吸附去除率仍维持在91.47%。活性炭纤维表面呈束状结构,束间存在许多凹陷空间,表面主要官能团为—OH、N—H、CO和CC,对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附主要是化学吸附。 | 李秀玲 柳亚清 曹晶潇 刘延群 韦岩松 | 2020 | 湿法冶金2020，39，4： | 9 |
| 3 | 天然有机物对纳滤水处理工艺的影响显示文摘天然有机物(NOM)广泛存在于天然水体中,对纳滤处理过程产生较大影响。该文在介绍NOM的组成和物化性质的基础上,讨论了NOM对截留率和膜通量的影响,阐述了纳滤过程中NOM的亲、疏水性,浓差极化效应,静电排斥作用,氢键作用,二价离子络合等对纳滤过程的影响机理,对提高纳滤膜过滤性能有重要意义。 | 刘艳妮 程爱华 畅飞 | 2014 | 净水技术2014，33，1： | 8 |
| 4 | 有机物性质对混凝-微滤-纳滤去除水中重金属的影响显示文摘为了探明有机物性质对混凝-微滤-纳滤去除水中重金属的影响,将腐殖酸和乙酸分别作为背景有机物,系统考察了组合工艺对镉(Cd)、铜(Cu)、镍(Ni)和锌(Zn)的去除效能及其膜通量变化过程,并通过物料衡算对4种重金属的去除行为进行了比较分析。结果表明,当原水中不含有机物时,Cu的截留率最高,达到97%以上,纳滤膜是去除其他3种重金属的主要步骤。随着原水中腐殖酸含量的增大,混凝-微滤阶段对重金属的截留能力显著增强,膜通量衰减速度加快。相反地,乙酸的存在对于组合工艺处理效能具有明显的负面效应。此时,重金属既不能被铝盐絮体有效吸附,也不能通过静电作用截留在NF膜表面。4种重金属在滤液和浓水中的回收率R_(rec)都超过了80%,膜通量的变化与处理无机重金属溶液时相近。 | 钱飞跃 史梦婷 王建芳 刘小朋 王翻翻 | 2016 | 环境工程学报2016，10，7： | 7 |
| 5 | 溶胶-凝胶法制备二氧化硅薄膜及其性能研究显示文摘首先通过溶胶-凝胶法,以正硅酸乙酯(Tetraethyl orthosilicate,TEOS)为前驱体,硝酸(HNO3)为催化剂,制备出二氧化硅溶胶。采用浸渍提拉法在金属表面涂覆二氧化硅胶膜,并经热处理后制备出二氧化硅薄膜。向溶胶中添加F-硅烷偶联剂对薄膜的疏水性能进行改善。采用FT-IR、SEM、TG系统分析了薄膜的化学组成、微观形貌和热稳定性,研究了不同原料比、成膜温度对薄膜硬度、附着力及耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,当硅、酸物质的量比为15∶1时,二氧化硅薄膜的硬度最高,可达9H;附着力最好,最高达2级;耐盐雾腐蚀性能最好,最高盐雾时间为25 min;且通过SEM分析可知薄膜的表面裂纹最少,且无明显凝胶析出物;通过热失重的分析表明溶胶反应温度对薄膜热稳定性的影响不大。 | 张迎春 翁凌 张笑瑞 | 2017 | 材料导报2017，31，A02： | 5 |
| 6 | Preparation of SGO-modified nanofiltration membrane and its application in SO_4^(2-) and Cl^- separation in salt treatment显示文摘The lack of fresh water in the world makes the search for an effective method to decontaminate water an urgent priority.An important step is to remove different multivalent ions in salt treatment.Nanofiltration(NF)has been used for treating water containing different kinds of salts.In this work,sulfonate group-modified graphene oxide(SGO)was prepared,and added during the interfacial polymerization(IP)reaction to prepare SGO-modifiedNF membranes(PA-SGO).The chemical composition,structure and surface properties of PA and PA-SGO membranes were characterized by FT-IR,XPS,SEM,AFM,contact angle and zeta potential measurements.Their water flux,salt rejection and antifouling abilities were investigated systematically.The testing results showed that the water flux of PA-SGO(0.03%SGO)was 45.85 LMH under a pressure of 0.2 MPa,and the salt rejection varied in the order of Na_2SO_4(98.99%)>MgSO_4(91.25%)>MgCl_2(42.27%)>NaCl(21.96%).An anti-fouling experiment indicated that the PA-SGO membrane had good anti-fouling properties because of its decreased roughness and increased hydrophilicity and electronegativity.The PA-SGO membrane has good potential for use in removing salt ions from water. | Yanjun Zhang Changwei Zhao Shaofeng Zhang Ling Yu Jiding Li Li-an Hou | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，4： | 2 |
| 7 | Preparation,characterization and performance of poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide)/organically modified montmorillonite nanocomposite membranes in removal of perfluorooctane sulfonate显示文摘Nanocomposite membranes containing poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide)(PMIA) and organically modified montmorillonite(OMMT) were prepared by a combination of solution dispersion and wet-phase inversion methods, and the effects of OMMT addition on the properties and performance of fabricated nanofiltration membranes were investigated. The membranes were characterized by contact angle measurements, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), atomic force microscopy(AFM), thermogravimetric analysis, and zeta potential.The performance of the membranes was elucidated by the removal of perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) at neutral p H. Increasing OMMT concentration improved the thermal stability and hydrophilicity of the membranes. The permeation and rejection of PFOS were significantly improved. The performance of fabricated nanofiltration membranes in removal of PFOS varied depending on the solute and membrane properties as well as solution conditions. Finally,a comparison between fabricated membranes and a commercial NF membrane(ESNA1-K1,Hydecanme) proved that the OMMT addition is a convenient procedure for producing nanocomposite membranes with superior properties and performance. | Qin Luo Yanxia Liu Guixia Liu Changwei Zhao | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016，28，8： | 0 |
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