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| 1 | Bayesian mechanism for rational secret sharing scheme显示文摘We consider the cooperation of rational parties in secret sharing. We present a new methodology for rational secret sharing both in two-party and multi-party settings based on Bayesian game. Our approach can resolve the impossible solutions to a rational secret sharing model. First, we analyze the 2-out-of-2 rational secret sharing using Bayesian game, which makes us able to consider different classes of the protocol player(for'good' and 'bad' players) and model attributes such as any other parties' preferences and beliefs that may affect the outcome of the game. Thus, the new model makes us able to reason rational secret sharing from the perspective of Bayesian rationality, a notion that may be in some scenarios more appropriate than that defined as per pure rational. According to these analyses, we propose a Bayesian rational protocol of 2-out-of-2 secret sharing. Also, our techniques can be extended to the case of t-out-of-n Bayesian rational secret sharing easily.Our protocol is adopted only by the parties in their decision-making according to beliefs and Bayes rule, without requiring simultaneous channels and can be run over asynchronous networks. | TIAN YouLiang PENG ChangGen LIN DongDai MA JianFeng JIANG Qi JI WenJiang | 2015 | Science China(Information Sciences)2015,58,5: | 9 |
| 2 | 混合偏好模型下的分布式理性秘密共享方案显示文摘理性秘密共享方案通过扩展参与者的类型后具有更好的适应性,而现有方案中的共享秘密往往依赖于秘密分发者,但在某些特定环境中秘密分发者并不一定存在.通过对传统分布式秘密共享方案的分析,给出了分布式理性秘密共享方案的一般形式化描述;同时,考虑理性参与者的眼前利益和长远利益,提出一种新的理性参与者混合偏好模型;进一步结合机制设计理论的策略一致机制,设计了一个激励相容的信誉讨价还价机制,以此有效约束理性参与者的行为,从而实现了公平的(t,n)(t,n≥2)分布式理性秘密共享方案的构造;通过从信道类型、秘密分发者的在线/离线需求、方案的通用性和偏好模型等方面与目前相关理性秘密共享方案进行对比分析,进一步分析了所提出方案的优势. | 彭长根 刘海 田有亮 吕桢 刘荣飞 | 2014 | 计算机研究与发展2014,51,7: | 8 |
| 3 | 抗隐蔽敌手的云外包秘密共享方案显示文摘为了促使计算能力薄弱的云租户有效及公平地重构秘密,结合云外包计算和秘密共享特性,提出一种云外包秘密共享方案。在云外包秘密共享过程中,云租户间无需交互,只需进行少量解密和验证操作,而将复杂耗时的秘密重构计算外包给云服务提供商。该方案无需复杂的交互论证或零知识证明,能够及时发现云租户和云服务提供商的恶意行为,达到抵抗隐蔽敌手攻击的目的,最终每位云租户都能够公平和正确地得到秘密。安全分析和性能比较表明方案是安全和有效的。 | 张恩 耿魁 金伟 李勇俊 孙韵清 李凤华 | 2017 | 通信学报2017,38,5: | 5 |
| 4 | 基于马尔可夫决策的理性秘密共享方案显示文摘基于马尔可夫决策理论研究理性密码共享系统模型和秘密重构方法。首先利用马尔可夫决策方法,提出适合于理性秘密共享的系统模型,该模型包括参与者集合、状态集合、风险偏好函数、状态转移函数、回报函数等。在模型中,引入秘密重构中的参与者的风险偏好函数刻画秘密共享模型的状态集合和状态转移函数。其次,基于所提出的系统模型构造相应的理性秘密共享方案,基于马尔可夫策略解决各理性参与者在秘密共享方案中的秘密重构问题。最后对方案进行理论分析证明,给出理性秘密重构方案中折扣因子、回报函数、参与者风险偏好函数间的函数关系,其结果表明所提系统模型方法的合理性和有效性。 | 田有亮 王雪梅 刘琳芳 | 2015 | 通信学报2015,36,9: | 4 |
| 5 | 基于重构顺序调整机制的理性秘密共享方案显示文摘理性秘密共享的研究目标是通过引入自利的理性参与者,设计适用于现实环境的公平的秘密共享方案.然而,由于要求秘密分发者准确知道理性参与者的各种收益,且未考虑秘密重构博弈的稳定性,导致在现有理性秘密共享方案的执行过程中,不能完全避免出现遵循协议执行的参与者未获得共享秘密、而偏离协议执行的参与者却获得共享秘密的不公平情形.针对上述问题,结合机制设计的激励相容原理,通过让秘密分发者随机选择所需重构轮数,设计了能有效约束理性参与者自利性行为的重构顺序调整机制,构造具有未知重构轮数的理性秘密共享方案.分析表明所提方案能实现秘密重构博弈的子博弈完美均衡,确保秘密重构博弈的稳定性,使得所提方案的公平性得以保证.通过从通信方式、重构轮数和前提假设3个方面与现有典型方案进行对比分析,表明所提方案具有较好的实用性. | 刘海 李兴华 马建峰 | 2015 | 计算机研究与发展2015,52,10: | 2 |
| 6 | 一种基于多数字基整数的数字水印分存算法显示文摘针对一般水印算法功能单一,而现有水印分存算法中只能实现二进制水印图像分存的问题,将多数字基整数应用到数字水印分存技术中,提出一种灰度水印图像的分存方法。实验结果表明,该方法可以有效防止外部欺诈和内部欺诈,实现了在多个用户间的秘密共享,也可以应用于身份认证,且可以抵抗多种常用图像的处理攻击,具有一定的鲁棒性。 | 钱言玉 吴友情 | 2016 | 计算机应用与软件2016,33,11: | 2 |
| 7 | 基于博弈论的百万富翁协议显示文摘在经典的百万富翁协议中,一方在得到最后的财富比较结果后,没有动机将结果告诉另一方,或者告诉另一方一个错误的结果。结合博弈论和密码算法,提出一种百万富翁协议。在此协议中,参与者背离协议的收益小于遵守协议的收益,遵守协议是参与者的最优策略,任何百万富翁的欺骗行为都能被鉴别和发现,因此理性的参与者有动机发送正确的数据。最后每个参与者都能公平地得到最后的财富比较结果。 | 冯云芝 张恩 | 2014 | 计算机科学2014,41,12: | 1 |
| 8 | 动态可验证的异步理性秘密共享方案显示文摘通过构造一个锯齿型规律的秘密序列,利用规律的打破当作终止重构过程的信号来实现异步方案.然后,基于中国剩余定理来实现重构过程中动态增加和剔除参与者,避免对偏离者的空威胁,使重构的效率更高.对传递的共享份额加密,从而使重构过程更加安全,非重构参与者不能获得关于份额的相关信息.结合无限重复博弈的思想,构造了一个公平、可验证、达到子博弈完美均衡的异步理性秘密共享方案. | 郝星然 贾恒越 段美姣 | 2017 | 信息安全研究2017,3,7: | 0 |
| 9 | 常数轮理性秘密分享机制显示文摘基于重复博弈的理性秘密分享机制,首先由Maleka和Shareef提出,他们认为不存在常数轮的重复理性秘密分享机制(Repeated Rational Secret Sharing Scheme,RRSSS)。然而,无限轮RRSSS效率低下,不具备应用价值。为了实现高效的常数轮RRSSS,为参与者设置了不同的类型,提出了不完全信息下的常数轮RRSSS机制,并证明了机制的有效性。与其他理性秘密分享方案比较,在给定条件下,新方案在(纳什)均衡、期望执行时间和通信信道方面均具有优势。 | 高先锋 王伊蕾 | 2013 | 计算机工程与应用2013,49,18: | 0 |
| 10 | Further ideal multipartite access structures from integer polymatroids显示文摘Ideal access structures admit ideal secret sharing schemes where the shares have the minimal size.As multipartite access structures can well mirror the real social organizations, of which the participants are partitioned into disjoint groups according to their properties, it is desirable to find expressive ideal multipartite access structures. Integer polymatroids, due to their close relationship with ideal multipartite access structures,have been shown as a powerful tool to study the ideality of some multipartite access structures. In this paper, to cater for flexible applications, we consider several ideal multipartite access structures that further extend some known results. We first explore a type of compartmented access structures with strictly lower bounds, which provide fairness among all the participant groups when recovering the secret. Then, we investigate ideal bench access structures where the participant set is divided into two parts, that is, line-up section and bench section.The participants in line-up section can delegate their capabilities to the participants in bench section in such a way that the participants in bench section can take over the role of their delegators in line-up section, which is applicable to emergency situations when there are no enough participants in line-up section for recovering the secret. Finally, we propose two types of ideal partially hierarchical access structures which are suitable to more realistic hierarchical social organizations than existing results. | WANG YuJue WU QianHong WONG Duncan S. QIN Bo MU Yi LIU JianWei | 2015 | Science China(Information Sciences)2015,58,7: | 0 |
| 11 | An incentive-compatible rational secret sharing scheme using blockchain and smart contract显示文摘In the rational cryptographic protocol,the two rational players often fall into the prisoner's dilemma,which is also the case for the rational secret sharing we consider in this paper.First,it is proved that rational secret sharing has a sequential equilibrium in the natural state,so that rational participants will fall into the prisoner's dilemma,resulting in no participants being able to reconstruct the secret correctly.Next,to solve this problem,we propose an incentive-compatible rational secret scheme.Specifically,the game tree with imperfect information is constructed to facilitate our analysis and proof,and the strictly dominated strategies are directly eliminated to simplify the game tree.Further more,we describe the motivation of the verifier.Then,we prove that rational players have no motivation to deviate from honest behavior using sequential equilibrium so that rational players can reconstruct the secret correctly.Finally,we complete the simulation using the smart contract and analyze our entire scheme.In addition,the game of our scheme does not need to be repeated multiple times to reach sequential equilibrium,i.e.,the game always follows the rational path. | Zerui CHEN Youliang TIAN Changgen PENG | 2021 | Science China(Information Sciences)2021,64,10: | 0 |
| 12 | 面向理性用户的秘密重构设计模型显示文摘理性秘密重构是为了约束理性用户的自利性,在现实生活中确保所有参与用户均能获得共享秘密。然而,如果直接使用现有的理性秘密重构协议,不仅不能实现公平的秘密重构,甚至还会出现用户将虚假的秘密视为真实共享秘密的极端情形。导致上述现象的根本原因是缺乏参考模型,使协议设计者难以全面地考虑理性用户参与秘密重构时的自利行为。为解决该问题,通过形式化描述理性用户模型和理性秘密重构博弈模型来分析理性用户执行秘密重构协议时的先后顺序以及策略选择对公平秘密重构的影响,分别提出了面向纯理性用户环境、面向信誉环境和面向可信用户环境3种适用于不同场景的理性秘密重构协议设计模型。理论证明了所提模型能帮助协议设计者有效约束理性用户的自利性,设计了公平的理性秘密重构协议。此外,基于提出的设计模型,还构造了一个公平的理性秘密重构协议来证明所提模型的可用性。 | 刘海 田有亮 唐莹 Jianbing Ni 马建峰 | 2021 | 通信学报2021,42,11: | 0 |