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| 1 | 青藏高原冰川变化遥感监测研究综述显示文摘在全球变暖影响下,青藏高原冰川消融造成的冰川径流增大、冰湖溃决等问题威胁着山区及其周边居民的生命财产安全,对青藏高原冰川变化的研究日益紧迫。本文综述了国内外山地冰川变化遥感监测手段的发展、冰川面积及冰面高程变化的遥感监测研究现状、存在问题与发展趋势,并总结了中国青藏高原冰川变化遥感监测研究的主要成果。此外,本文基于2003-2009年ICESat/GLAS数据,计算了青藏高原各山区冰面高程变化及其冰川消融量。结果显示:青藏高原冰川面积持续减少,青藏高原冰面高程的平均变化为-0.24±0.03 m/a,冰川融水量为-14.86±11.88 km3/a,冰川变化呈现从青藏高原东、南外缘山区往内陆与西、北部山区减慢的时空特征。 | 叶庆华 程维明 赵永利 宗继彪 赵瑞 | 2016 | 地球信息科学学报2016，18，7： | 27 |
| 2 | 利用卫星资料反演区域冰川冰量变化的尝试——以祁连山为例显示文摘物质平衡是衡量冰川'健康'状况的最好方式,由于野外工作开展难度大,物质平衡观测仅局限于少数几条冰川上,限制了区域冰川物质平衡和冰量变化的评估.通过卫星高程数据可以监测区域冰川高程变化,进而可估算其冰量变化.利用SRTM和ICESat激光测高数据反演了祁连山冰川冰量变化,结果表明:21世纪初祁连山冰川处于物质亏损状态,年平均高程减薄(0.345±0.258)m,相当于(0.293±0.219)m w.e.,估算祁连山冰川年均冰量损失为(534.2±399.5)×106 m3 w.e..由于祁连山各冰川区相对独立,相隔较远,冰川规模普遍不大,且ICESat地面轨迹在中低纬度分布稀疏,使得结果的不确定性还很大. | 王玉哲 任贾文 秦大河 秦翔 | 2013 | 冰川冻土2013，35，3： | 18 |
| 3 | 基于ICESat/GLAS,SRTM DEM和GPS观测青藏高原纳木那尼冰面高程变化(2000~2010年)显示文摘气候变化所导致的冰川加速消融及冰川冰储量的减少将显著影响区域水资源和水循环,而冰川厚度的变化是反映这一过程的关键指标.利用ICESat/GLAS数据与SRTMDEM数据,并结合冰面差分GPS实测数据,通过监测喜马拉雅山脉西段纳木那尼冰川的冰面高程变化,来估算其冰川厚度变化.在方法上,首先利用非冰川区的ICESat高程数据对SRTM DEM高程精度进行评价,然后选择控制点对SRTM DEM进行配准并再次评价,SRTM DEM水平位置偏移为138 m,配准后的SRTM DEM与ICESat高程差平均值为-0.1 m,标准差为11 m,最后利用校准后的SRTM DEM与ICESat/GLAS,计算2000~2009年纳木那尼冰面高程的变化.研究结果表明,纳木那尼冰川在2000~2009年间的平均减薄速率为0.63±0.32 m/a,这与利用差分GPS测得的2008~2010年间冰川平均减薄速率0.65±0.25 m/a接近.研究结果也发现纳木那尼冰川的减薄速率整体上随着海拔的升高而逐渐减小.普兰县气象资料分析表明纳木那尼冰面的快速消融主要是由当地气温升高所致. | 宗继彪 叶庆华 田立德 | 2014 | 科学通报2014，59，21： | 17 |
| 4 | Variations of Laohugou Glacier No.12 in the western Qilian Mountains, China, from 1957 to 2015显示文摘Glaciers were solid reservoirs and important water resources in western China,but they were retreating significantly in context of global warming.Laohugou Glacier No.12 was the largest valley glacier in Qilian Mountains.In this study,realtime kinematic(RTK)data,topographic map and World View-2 satellite imagery were used to measure changes in terminus,extent and volume of Laohugou Glacier No.12.Results showed that Laohugou Glacier No.12 was shrinking significantly since 1957.From1960 to 2015,the terminus reduction of Laohugou Glacier No.12 was 402.96 m(3.99%)in total,and glacier length decreased to 9.7 km from 10.1 km.Reduction of glacier area and volume were the most obvious.From 1957 to 2015,glacier area and volume decreased by 1.54 km^2(7.03%)and 0.1816 km^3,respectively.Reduction trend of terminus and area was slowing in 1950-1980s,even stable for a period in the mid-1980s,and then accelerated.Ice core analysis result and nearly meteorological station data shown an increasing trend of temperature in 1957-2015,it was a main reason of continuous retreating of Laohugou Glacier No.12. | LIU Yu-shuo QIN Xiang CHEN Ji-zu LI Zhen-lin WANG Jing DU Wen-tao GUO Wan-qin | 2018 | Journal of Mountain Science2018，15，1： | 14 |
| 5 | 天山冰川储量变化和面积变化关系分析研究显示文摘冰川储量的变化对海平面和区域水资源、生态环境以及社会经济等有重要影响,但是对大量冰川的储量变化很难通过实地观测获得。基于天山9条监测冰川储量变化的估算结果,通过统计分析,探讨冰川储量变化和面积变化的相互关系,以期通过测定冰川面积变化来估算冰川储量变化。结果表明:冰川储量变化与面积变化具有线性关系,其决定系数为0.67~0.70。加入其他山区冰川样本以后,决定系数并没有提高。其原因在于,一方面对冰川变化监测和冰川储量估算存在误差;另一方面,不同的冰川区由于冰川的类型、规模及区域气候特征的差异,冰川变化对气候变化响应的敏感程度不同。因此,未来不仅需要更多更准确的冰川储量估算,还需要按冰川形态类型和区域分别研究。 | 王璞玉 李忠勤 李慧林 李开明 徐春海 | 2017 | 冰川冻土2017，39，1： | 13 |
| 6 | Climate change and glacier area variations in China during the past half century显示文摘Glacier variations in the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding mountain ranges in China affect the livelihood of over one billion people who depend on water from the Yellow, Yangtze, Brahmaputra, Ganges and Indus rivers originating in these areas. Based on the results of the present study and published literature, we found that the glaciers shrank 15.7% in area from 1963 to 2010 with an annual area change of -0.33%. The shrinkage generally decreased from peripheral mountain ranges to the interior of Tibet.The linear trends of annual air temperature and precipitation at 147 stations were 0.36°C(10a)^(-1) and 8.96 mm(10a)^(-1) respectively from 1961 to 2010. The shrinkage of glaciers was well correlated with the rising temperature and the spatial patterns of the shrinkage were influenced by other factors superimposed on the rising temperature such as glacier size, type, elevation, debris cover and precipitation. | TIAN Hong-zhen YANG Tai-bao LV Hui LI Cheng-xiu HE Ying-bin | 2016 | Journal of Mountain Science2016，13，8： | 9 |
| 7 | 2000-2014年祁连山西段老虎沟12号冰川高程变化显示文摘祁连山冰川自1990s以来持续萎缩,冰川融水径流变化对邻近的干旱区水资源产生重要影响。以往遥感与实测研究显示祁连山西段老虎沟12号冰川面积减少、末端退缩、运动速度降低及平衡线高度升高。为了进一步验证老虎沟12号冰川变化规律,利用高分辨率Terra SAR-X/Tan DEM-X微波影像数据,与SRTM-C DEM进行差分干涉,得出老虎沟12号冰川2000-2014年高程年平均变化值为(-0.29±0.09)m·a-1。为了验证遥感观测结果,利用RTK-GPS对老虎沟12号冰川表面进行测高,并与SRTM-C DEM上相应点的高程值进行比较,计算测量点的高程年变化值,结果显示两种方法获得的年平均变化值之间具有很好的正相关性,表明利用Terra SAR-X/Tan DEM-X微波影像数据及差分干涉技术监测祁连山冰川高程变化具有较好的可行性。 | 张其兵 康世昌 王晶 | 2017 | 冰川冻土2017，39，4： | 7 |
| 8 | Spatial variation of stable isotopes in different waters during melt season in the Laohugou Glacial Catchment, Shule River basin显示文摘To evaluate isotopic tracers at natural abundances by providing basic isotope data of the hydrological investigations and assessing the impacts of different factors on the water cycle, a total of 197 water samples were collected from the Laohugou Glacial catchment in the Shule River basin northwestern China during the 2013 ablation seasons and analyzed their H- and O-isotope composition. The results showed that the isotopic composition of precipitation in the Qilianshan Station in the Laohugou Glacial catchment was remarkable variability. Correspondingly, a higher slope of δ^(18)O-δD diagram, with an average of 8.74, is obtained based on the precipitation samples collected on the Glacier No.12, mainly attributed to the lower temperature on the glacier surface. Because of percolation and elution, the isotopic composition at the bottom of the firn is nearly steady. The δ^(18)O /altitude gradients for precipitation and melt water were -0.37‰/100 m and -0.34‰/100 m, respectively. Exposed to the air and influenced by strong ablation and evaporation, the isotopic values and the δ^(18)O vs δD diagram of the glacial surface ice show no altitudinal effect, indicating that glacier ice has the similar origins with the firn. The variation of isotopic composition in the melt water, varying from -10.7‰ to -16.9‰(δ^(18)O) and from -61.1‰ to -122.1‰(δD) indicates the recharging of snowmelt and glacial ice melt water produced at different altitudes. With a mean value of -13.3‰ for δ^(18)O and -89.7‰ for δD, the isotopic composition of the stream water is much closer to the melt water, indicating that stream water is mainly recharged by the ablation water. Our results of the stable isotopic compositions in natural water in the Laohugou Glacial catchment indicate the fractionations and the smoothing fluctuations of the stable isotopes during evaporation, infiltration and mixture. | WU Jin-kui DING Yong-jian YANG Jun-hua LIU Shi-wei CHEN Ji-zu ZHOU Jia-xin QIN Xiang | 2016 | Journal of Mountain Science2016，13，8： | 3 |
| 9 | 1961-2013年祁连山区冰川年物质平衡重建显示文摘基于中国第二次冰川编目数据、国家青藏高原科学数据中心的降水数据和气象站的实测气温数据并结合数字高程模型,利用加入辐射项的分布式度日模型,以已有监测冰川资料为基础获取度日因子,通过优化参数,对祁连山流域尺度1961—2013年的冰川物质平衡变化序列进行重建。结果表明:祁连山的冰川物质平衡变化以1995年为界可以划分为2个阶段。1961—1995年,祁连山冰川物质平衡正负交替变化且变化幅度较小,冰川的消融量和积累量基本持平,平均物质平衡为(0.11±0.13)m w.e.·a^(-1);1996—2013年,冰川消融迅速加剧,物质平衡恒为负,平均物质平衡为(-0.54±0.13)m w.e.·a^(-1),主要原因是正积温的逐年升高导致冰川消融加剧。1961—2013年祁连山冰川的累积物质平衡为(-12.76±4.24)m w.e.,空间分布上祁连山中段和东段流域的冰川消融速率大于西段的冰川。 | 王利辉 秦翔 陈记祖 张东伟 刘宇硕 李延召 晋子振 | 2021 | 干旱区研究2021，38，6： | 3 |
| 10 | 基于CryoSat-2数据的纳木那尼冰川冰面高程变化方法研究显示文摘随着全球气候变暖,中亚地区大部分冰川逐渐变薄。高海拔山地冰川的变化会影响到周边地区的水资源和海平面变化,因此,我们需要高精度的地表高程观测数据来监测冰面高程变化。本文以喜马拉雅山脉西段的纳木那尼冰川为例,基于CryoSat-2卫星雷达高度计SARIn模式数据,修改了伪重复轨平面拟合方法,并计算了从2010年8月至2016年7月的冰面高程变化。纳木那尼冰面平均高程变化率为-0.47±0.44 m/year,整体呈现变薄趋势,与前人文献的结果基本一致,表明CryoSat-2数据在山地冰川使用伪重复轨平面方法估算高程变化有效可行。 | 程澍 熊章强 李新武 傅文学 | 2018 | 测绘与空间地理信息2018，41，1： | 2 |
| 11 | 西藏阿里地区大、小昂龙冰川变化观测研究显示文摘在西藏阿里地区狮泉河上游的大、小昂龙冰川开展了连续2年(2014—2016年)的冰川变化地面观测,主要包括冰川表面物质平衡与差分GPS高程变化同步观测,以及冰川表面流速观测,冰川末端观测和冰川雷达测厚。观测结果表明:大、小昂龙冰川表面物质平衡与同期差分GPS观测结果之间存在差异。冰川表面物质平衡结果显示,2014—2016年间,大、小昂龙冰川分别以每年72mm w.e.和219mm w.e.的速率减薄。差分GPS观测结果显示,同期大、小昂龙冰川分别以每年(442±90)mm w.e.和(265±90)mm w.e.的速率减薄;在2015/2016年,大、小昂龙冰川表面平均流速分别为4.4m·a^(-1)和2.3m·a^(-1),其中大昂龙冰川表面平均流速较上一物质平衡年增加了10.5%;2014—2016年间,小昂龙冰川先是前进了11m,之后又退缩了34m,两年内平均每年退缩11.5m;大昂龙冰川平均冰厚为67.9m,实测最大厚度为216m,根据雷达测厚数据插值计算的冰川储量为0.452km3;小昂龙冰川实测最大厚度为190m。 | 陈艳辉 田立德 宗继彪 朱大运 汪诚 靳胜强 | 2021 | 冰川冻土2021，43，1： | 1 |
| 12 | 2000—2018年哈尔里克山冰川高程遥感变化分析显示文摘冰川高程变化是冰川形态变化的重要特征之一,能为推算冰川体积变化及物质平衡提供基本参数。利用Sentinel-1A雷达数据,与SRTM数据进行差分干涉,得到2000—2018年哈尔里克山冰川高程变化结果。为进一步提高监测结果的可靠性,以裸地区域的高程变化量作为系统误差修正值,对冰川高程变化结果进行第一次优化。由于差分干涉结果受地形影响较大,为降低地形因素对高程变化的影响,分析地形因子与高程变化标准差之间的关系,去除标准差过大的冰川区域,提高冰川高程变化可靠性,对冰川高程变化结果进行第二次优化,并在此基础上进行精度评定。结果表明:过去18 a以来,哈尔里克山冰川高程平均下降(8.74±0.14)m;分析冰川高程变化的空间差异性,发现西北部冰川高程减少程度较东南部小;分析冰川高程变化与海拔的关系,发现总体上冰川高程下降程度随海拔升高而减小。 | 姬伟倩 都伟冰 王双亭 郑西方 | 2020 | 地球环境学报2020，11，5： | 0 |
| 13 | Primary investigation of statistical correlation between changes in ice volume and area of glaciers显示文摘This study makes an attempt to investigate through statistical analysis the correlation between changes in ice volume and area of glaciers. Using data from nine sample glaciers in the Tian Shan, the results show that a linear relation exists between changes in ice volume and area, with a correlation coefficient of 0.700. However, the accuracy estimation is difficult due to the limited number of samples. The correlation was not improved after adding eleven glacier samples in other mountains. Two reference glaciers are then analyzed in more detail. The linear correlation coefficient is higher than 0.800 when using the observed changes in ice volume and area during different periods on Urumqi Glacier No. 1, which suggests that the linear relation is valid for one glacier for different periods if its shape does not change noticeably and also for other glaciers of the same shape during the same period. The relation between changes in ice volume and area of Qingbingtan Glacier No. 72 is different during different periods due to change in the shape of the glacier tongue and the influence of the debris cover. Moreover, errors in glacier-change monitoring and-volume estimation have an important influence on the correlation results. Therefore, further study needs to focus not only on the distinction between glacier types and between different periods but also on the accuracy of volume estimation. | PuYu Wang ZhongQin Li ChunHai Xu Ping Zhou WenBin Wang Shuang Jin HongLiang Li | 2019 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2019，11，1： | 0 |
| 14 | 祁连山冰川变化及其脆弱性显示文摘Glaciers are a reliable freshwater resource in arid regions of West China and the vulnerability of its changes is closely related to regional ecosystem services and economic sustainable development. Here, we took the Qilian Mountains as an example and analyzed the spatiotemporal characteristics of glacier changes from 1998 to 2018, based on remote sensing images and the Second Chinese Glacier Inventory. We estimated the basic organizational framework and evaluation index system of glacier change vulnerability from exposure, sensitivity and adaptability, which covered the factors of physical geography, population status and socio-economic level. We analyzed the spatial and temporal evolutions of glacier change vulnerability by using the vulnerability evaluation model. Our results suggested that:(1) Glacier area and volume decreased by 71.12±98.98 km^(2) and 5.59±4.41 km^(3), respectively, over the recent two decades, which mainly occurred at the altitude below 4800 m, with an area shrinking rate of 2.5%. In addition, glaciers in the northern aspect(northwest, north and northeast) had the largest area reduction. Different counties exhibited remarkable discrepancies in glacier area reduction, Tianjuan and Minle presented the maximum and minimum decrease, respectively.(2) Glacier change vulnerability level showed a decreasing trend in space from the central to the northwestern and southeastern regions with remarkable differences. Vulnerability level had increased significantly over time and was mainly concentrated in moderate, high and extreme levels with typical characteristics of phases and regional complexity. Our study can not only help to understand and master the impacts of recent glacier changes on natural and social aspects but also be conducive to evaluate the influences of glacier retreat on socio-economic developments in the future, thus providing references for formulating relevant countermeasures to achieve regional sustainable development. | 蔡兴冉 李忠勤 徐春海 | 2022 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2022，32，1： | 0 |
| 15 | Glacier Changes and Their Effects on Northwest China显示文摘Though being considered strategically important in matters of national defense based on its abundance of natural resources,Northwest China is one of the most ecologically vulnerable areas in the country. As one of the region's important water sources,glaciers have gone through major changes due to climate change. An analysis of research results over the past 60 years reveals that the glaciers have been retreating in general to some degree in large river basins in Northwest China,but the rate of retreating varied largely among different regions,ranging from 0. 01% ·a^(-1) to 0. 75% ·a^(-1). Specifically,glaciers around the Lantsang River Basin and the Altay Mountains have been retreating fastest. The retreat of glaciers has already caused an increase in runoff in mountainous areas of Northwest China. Meanwhile,increases in the frequency of glacial flash floods and in the flood discharge will further enhance the probability of glacial lake outburst floods and ensuing disasters. | Xu Junli Liu Shiyin Feng Tong | 2017 | Meteorological and Environmental Research2017，8，6： | 0 |
| 16 | 基于CryoSat-2雷达高度计青藏高原地区冰川高度变化提取方法对比显示文摘基于2010~2016年CryoSat-2雷达高度计SARIn模式的Level 2测高数据,结合青藏高原地区冰川矢量数据以及全球GEDM数据,通过重叠脚印法、伪平面拟合法以及较新的曲面拟合法提取青藏高原地区典型冰川冰帽的高度变化值。结果表明:①CryoSat-2测高数据应用该3种方法提取山地冰川高度变化具备可行性;②提取高度变化的3种方法各有优劣,以此提供了提取山地冰川高度变化的方法选择的依据;③应用上述3种方法获取的青藏高原地区典型冰川冰帽2010~2016年的定量高度变化结果,绝大多数的冰川都处于消融状态且3种方法提取的高度变化结果增、减趋势一致。处于西昆仑山脉的中峰冰川、古里雅、土则岗目冰川缩减速率较慢,而帕米尔高原的慕士塔格冰川缩减略快,两者的缩减速度都趋于平缓。处于念青唐古拉山脉的来古、恰青冰川高度变化速率最大。 | 史建康 孙晓慧 | 2019 | 遥感技术与应用2019，34，6： | 0 |
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